Ibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuye eLangeni

Njengoba kwaziwa ngeLanga kanye ne I-Sistema yelanga Kade safuna ukwazi ibanga ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu kuya enkanyezini esikhanyayo. Iningi lezazi zezinkanyezi likwazile ukubala i- ibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni ngokusebenzisa ezinye izibalo zezibalo futhi ngokuthembela kudatha yokuhlola.

Kule ndatshana sizokuchazela ukuthi yibaphi ososayensi ababa ngabokuqala ukuthola ibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni nokuthi yiziphi izindlela ababezenza ukukwenza.

Ososayensi ababalulekile

Kulolu hlu lososayensi abakwazile ukukala ibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni esilitholayo UGiovanni Cassini. Ungowokuqala ukuthola le datha efunwa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa izibalo nezilinganiso. Ndawonye nozakwabo uJean Richer baba ngabokuqala ukusho ukuthi kunamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-140 ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni.

Bakwenza lokhu ngo-1672. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, bakwazi ukubuka i- iplanethi iMars kusuka eParis naseCayenne. Indlela abakwazi ngayo ukukala amabanga ngokusobala kwakungeyona eyokuhlola ngokuphelele. Akekho umuntu ongafinyelela iLanga ngemitha elilodwa asho ukuthi lihambe ibanga elingakanani ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu. Ukuze akwazi ukukala ibanga, uthathe i-parallax noma umehluko we-angular phakathi kokubukwa okwenziwe eParis naseCayenne. Ngale mininingwane kube lula ukwenza ezinye izibalo ukwazi ukwazi ibanga eliphakathi kweplanethi yethu neplanethi ebomvu.

Indlela yokubala

Ngenxa yokubalwa kwebanga phakathi kwala maplanethi, bekukwazi ukubalwa ukuthi kungakanani okukhona phakathi koMhlaba neNyanga. Ukuthatha njengesithenjwa ukukalwa kwezindikimba zasezulwini ezazisendaweni yozungezilanga, izilinganiso ezibalulekile zingatholakala. Lokhu kuthuthukisiwe maphakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX lapho kushiwo khona ngendlela ethembeke kakhudlwana lapho izilinganiso zinengozi encane yephutha. Ibanga kuleli cala selivele liveziwe kumayunithi wezinkanyezi omhlaba wonke abizwa nge-UAI.

Kule mininingwane etholakele, amandla adonsela phansi adonsela phansi eGaussian kuye kwadingeka ukuthi angezwe. Lokhu kudale ezinye zezazi zezinkanyezi ukuthola izibalo zebanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni.Indlela esetshenzisiwe ukukala ibanga ezingeni lesilinganiso separallax iyindlela engcono kakhulu. Yiyo enokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu futhi ingenziwa ngokubheka ngqo.

Izindlela zanamuhla zesimanje zingenza izilinganiso ngqo. Kepha esikhathini esedlule, ezinye izindlela ezingaqondile futhi ezingekho kangako zokuhlola bezifanele zitholakale. Ukwazi ibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni ngamakhilomitha, i-International Astronomical Unit iyasetshenziswa. Le yunithi ayisisekelo futhi isetshenziselwa ukukala amanye ama-trajector kulo lonke uhlelo lwethu lwelanga. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukubala amabanga athile nokuthola enye idatha kwezinye izinhlelo zezinkanyezi ezikude kakhulu.

Omunye wososayensi abakwazile ukubala ibanga ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu ukuya eLangeni kwakungungoti wezibalo I-Eratosthenes. Lo sosayensi onemvelaphi yamaGrikhi wasebenzisa amafomula ahlukahlukene enza kwaba lula ukubala okuphelele. Ngenxa yabo ukwazile ukubala ukuthi kunamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-149 ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni.

Ibanga elisuka eMhlabeni liye eLangeni alihlali lifana njalo

Into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi uMhlaba awumi nse. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ukunyakaza komhlaba Phakathi kokunye ukujikeleza nokuhumusha nge-orbit ezungeze iLanga. Asikude ibanga elifanayo neLanga unyaka wonke, ngoba umzila lapho uMhlaba uhamba khona awuyisiyingi, kodwa uyindilinga.

Uma sibheka ibanga lale orbit singasho ukuthi, ngoJanuwari 2, Umhlaba ukude neLanga cishe ngamakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingama-147. Kodwa-ke, lapho i- I-Summer Solstice futhi inyanga kaJulayi ifika, sisekude ngamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-152,6. Leli banga liyabonakala impela yize kungelona elisithinta emazingeni okushisa kanye nenani lemisebe efinyelela kwiplanethi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthambekela lapho imisebe yelanga ingena ngayo ngaphezulu.

Njengoba izilinganiso zezinkanyezi zihlala zikhulu kakhulu, akuyona into ejwayelekile ukuyihlobanisa nezinyunithi ezinjengamakhilomitha. Ukukhuluma ngezigidi zamakhilomitha kuyinto engakhululekile. Izilinganiso eziphakathi kwezindikimba zasezulwini zivame ukwenziwa ePhikweni Lezinkanyezi. Amakhilomitha asetshenziselwa ukubala ngaphakathi koMhlaba noma ukubala ibanga elithile esikhaleni esithile sangaphandle lapho ufuna ukubonisa umehluko ebangeni eliphakathi kweplanethi nangaphandle.

I-Astronomical Unit (AU) isetshenziselwa ukukala ibanga phakathi kwamaplanethi, imithala enophiko olwaziwa ngokuthi yi-light year. Iyunithi yezinkanyezi yimizuzu ekhanyayo eyi-8,32. Inani esishilo ngaphambili lamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-149 phakathi koMhlaba neLanga ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhanya ukufinyelela eMhlabeni.

Isilinganiso sebanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuye eLangeni

Ukuze sikwazi kangcono konke lokhu, sizocacisa ukuthi unyaka okhanyayo uyini. Leli ibanga umsebe wokukhanya ohamba ngalo ngonyaka owodwa. Njengoba imisebe yeLanga ishiya ohlangothini lweplanethi yethu, kuthatha cishe imizuzu engu-8 namasekhondi angama-20 ukufika eMhlabeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ijubane lokukhanya lingamakhilomitha angama-300.000 ngomzuzwana. Lesi sikhathi singahluka ngandlela thize ngokuya ngesimo uMhlaba okuso ngomzuzu ngamunye wokuhamba kwawo nokuhamba kwawo uzungeze iLanga.

Ukuthola imininingwane ebalulekile yesayensi, ibanga elisuka eMhlabeni liye eLangeni liyisici esinqumayo. Ngenxa yokwazi le datha, eminye imiphumela ingabalwa ngendlela eqonde ngqo neqonde ngqo. Imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukukhonza njengesithenjwa phakathi kokunye ukubalwa kwebanga phakathi kwezindikimba zasezulwini.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kusayensi yezinkanyezi kufanele udlale ngamanani ayizethenjwa ngoba isilinganiso asikwazi ukuqondiswa ngqo. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nebanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni.