Isimiso sonozungezilanga inkulu ngosayizi futhi besingakwazi ukukuhamba konke empilweni esinayo. Akukhona kuphela ukuthi kunesimiso sonozungezilanga endaweni yonke, kodwa kunezigidi zemithala efana neyethu. Isimiso sonozungezilanga singesomthala owaziwa ngokuthi iMilky Way. Yakhiwa yiLanga namaplanethi ayisishiyagalolunye aneziphuphutheki zawo. Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi iPluto ibingeyona ingxenye yamaplanethi ngoba ayihlangabezani nencazelo yeplanethi.
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi uhlelo lwelanga ngokujula? Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizokhuluma ngezici, okukuhlanganayo nokuthi yini amandla ayo. Uma ufuna ukufunda ngakho, qhubeka ufunda 🙂
Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lwelanga
Como IPluto ayisathathwa njengeplanethi, i-solar system yakhiwa yi-Sun, amaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili, i-planetoid kanye neziphuphutheki zayo. Akuyona le mizimba kuphela, kepha kukhona nama-asteroid, ama-comet, ama-meteorites, uthuli, negesi yangaphakathi.
Kuze kube ngo-1980 bekucatshangwa ukuthi isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga yiso kuphela esikhona. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkanyezi zazitholakala zisondelene kakhulu futhi zizungezwe imvilophi yezinto ezizungezayo. Lokhu okuqukethwe kunosayizi ongacaciswanga futhi kuhambisana nezinye izinto zesibhakabhaka ezifana nezinsundu ezinsundu noma ezinsundu. Ngalokhu, ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi kumele kube nezinhlelo eziningi zelanga elizungezile ezifana nezethu.
Eminyakeni edlule, izifundo eziningi kanye nophenyo lukwazile ukuthola amanye amaplanethi azungeza uhlobo lweSun. La maplanethi atholakale ngokungaqondile. Okungukuthi, phakathi kophenyo, amaplanethi atholakele futhi atholakala. Okuncishisiwe kusikisela ukuthi ayikho iplanethi yalabo abatholakala engabamba impilo ehlakaniphile. La maplanethi akude nesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga abizwa ngama-Exoplanets.
Isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga siseceleni kweMilky Way. Lo mthala wakhiwe ngezingalo eziningi futhi sikolunye lwazo. Ingalo lapho sikhona ibizwa nge- Arm of Orion. Isikhungo seMilky Way siqhele ngeminyaka engaba ngu-30.000 XNUMX yokukhanya. Ososayensi basola ukuthi maphakathi nomthala wakhiwa umgodi omkhulu omnyama onamandla amakhulu. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Sagittarius A.
Amaplanethi wesistimu yelanga
Ubukhulu bamaplanethi buyehluka kakhulu. I-Jupiter iyodwa iqukethe ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili indaba yawo wonke amanye amaplanethi ahlanganisiwe. Isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga sivele ekukhangeni kwezakhi zefu ezaziqukethe zonke izakhi zamakhemikhali esizaziyo kuthebula lezikhathi ezithile. Ukukhanga kwakukukhulu kangangokuba kwawa futhi zonke izinto zokwakha zakhula. Ama-athomu e-hydrogen ahlangana nama-athomu we-helium ngokusebenzisa i-fusion yenuzi. Lakhiwa kanjalo-ke iLanga.
Njengamanje sithola amaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili ne-Sun.I-Mercury, i-Venus, i-Mars, i-Earth, i-Jupiter, i-Saturn, i-Uranus ne-Neptune. Amaplanethi ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: ingaphakathi noma umhlaba kanye nengaphandle noma iJovian. IMercury, iVenus, iMars noMhlaba yasemhlabeni. Basondele kakhulu kwiLanga futhi baqinile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanye athathwa njengamaplanethi akude neLanga futhi athathwa njenge- "Gaseous Giants".
Mayelana nesimo samaplanethi, kungashiwo ukuthi ajikeleza endizeni eyodwa. Kodwa-ke, amaplanethi amancane ajikeleza ngama-engeli amakhulu okutsheka. Indiza lapho iplanethi yethu namanye amaplanethi ezungeza khona ibizwa ngendiza ye-ecliptic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amaplanethi ajikeleza ohlangothini olufanayo azungeze iLanga. Izinkanyezi ezinomsila ezinjengezikaHalley, zijika ziye kolunye uhlangothi.
Singazi ukuthi banjani ngenxa yesibonakude sasemkhathini, njengoHubble:
Iziphuphutheki zemvelo namaplanethi amancane
Amaplanethi wesimiso sonozungezilanga aneziphuphutheki ezifana neplanethi yethu. Babizwa "ngezinyanga" ukuzimela ngendlela engcono. Amaplanethi aneziphuphutheki zemvelo yilezi: Umhlaba, iMars, iJupiter, iSaturn, i-Uranus neNeptune. IMercury neVenus abanazo iziphuphutheki zemvelo.
Kunamaplanethi amancane amancane amancane ngosayizi omncane. Ingabe UCeres, uPluto, u-Eris, uMakemake noHaumea. Kungenzeka kube okokuqala ukubezwa, ngoba la maplanethi awafakiwe ezifundweni zesikhungo. Ezikoleni bagxila ekutadisheni uhlelo lwamandla elanga. Lokho wukuthi, zonke lezo zinto ezimele kakhulu. Amaplanethi amancane kakhulu adinga ubuchwepheshe obusha namakhamera edijithali ukuze atholakale.
Izifunda eziyinhloko
Isimiso sonozungezilanga sehlukaniswe izifunda ezahlukahlukene lapho amaplanethi atholakala khona. Sithola isifunda seLanga, leso se-Asteroid Belt esiphakathi kweMars neJupiter (esiqukethe iningi lama-asteroid kuso sonke isimiso sonozungezilanga). Nathi sinawo i-Kuiper Belt ne-Disc esakazekile. Zonke izinto ezingale kweNeptune zifriziwe ngokuphelele ngamazinga okushisa aphansi. Ekugcineni siyahlangana ifu oort. Kuyifu lokuzungeza lama-comet nama-asteroid atholakala onqenqemeni lohlelo lwelanga.
Kusukela ekuqaleni, izazi zezinkanyezi ziye zahlukanisa isimiso sonozungezilanga saba izingxenye ezintathu:
- Esokuqala siyindawo engaphakathi lapho kutholakala khona amaplanethi anamadwala.
- Ngemuva kwalokho sinendawo engaphandle ehlala zonke izigebenga zegesi.
- Ekugcineni, izinto ezingale kweNeptune futhi eziqandisiwe.
Umoya welanga
Ezikhathini eziningi uzwile ngamaphutha we-elektroniki angabangelwa umoya welanga. Kungumfula wezinhlayiya oshiya iLanga ngokuqhubekayo nangejubane elikhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kungama-electron nama-proton futhi kuhlanganisa lonke uhlelo lwelanga. Njengomphumela walo msebenzi, ifu elenziwe njengebubble lenza konke okusendleleni yalo. Ibizwe ngokuthi yi-heliosphere. Ngaphandle kwendawo lapho ifinyelela khona kwi-heliosphere, ibizwa ngokuthi i-heliopause, ngoba awukho umoya welanga. Le ndawo izinyunithi eziyi-100 zezinkanyezi. Ukuthola umbono, iyunithi yezinkanyezi ibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya eLangeni.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga siyikhaya lamaplanethi amaningi nezinto eziyingxenye yendawo yonke. Simane nje siyichashaza elincane lesihlabathi phakathi kogwadule olukhulu.