Yonke into esiyibiza ngokuba yimeteorology kunye nezinye ezahlukileyo iintlobo zemozulu zenzeka kwi troposphere. Oko kukuthi, kwelinye kuphela Ubume beatmosfera. I-troposphere yindawo yendawo esihlala kuyo kwaye inesiphelo sayo phakathi kwe-10 ne-16 km ukuphakama. Ngaphezulu kwale ndawo yi stratosphere. Umda ophawula omabini amanqanaba yile ukuyeka. Lo ngumxholo weli nqaku.
I-tropopause ineempawu ezahlukileyo phakathi kweendlela ezahlulahlula kwaye yiyo le nto yenza ukuba imeko yemozulu iphele. Kule posi sikuxelela konke malunga nokuphela kwexesha.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Yindawo engapheliyo phakathi kwetroposphere kunye ne stratosphere. Njengoko sisazi kakuhle, troposphere yindawo apho eyahlukileyo iintlobo zamafu kwaye imvula yenzeka. Ngaphezulu koluhlu, iimpawu, ukwakheka kweegesi kunye nezinye izinto zomoya zitshintsha ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, kwi-stratosphere yaziwa kakuhle umphezulu we-ozone Kusikhusela kwimitha yelanga eyingozi.
Ukutshixa indawo kukuphawula umda ophezulu wobukho bomphunga wamanzi emoyeni. Ukusuka kweli nqanaba lokuphakama, umoya womile kwaphela. Olunye lweempawu ezimelwe ngulo mda kukuba uthatha inversion ye-thermal. Ngamanye amagama, iqondo lobushushu kwi-stratosphere lenyuka ngobude endaweni yokuhla. Oku kumisa yonke intshukumo yomoya ethe nkqo ukongeza kwimimoya ethe tyaba yasestratosphere.
Ubushushu bomgangatho wokonyuka kwe inversion ye-thermal zii-0,2 degrees kwiimitha ezili-100 nganye. Ngokuchasene nenkolelo edumileyo, ukubambezeleka ayisiyongo eqhubekayo. Ngokuchasene noko. Njengoko sisiya phakathi embindini weendawo kunye neetropiki, sinokubona ikhefu kuzo zombini ihemispheres. Into enomdla ngayo kukuba oku kuqhekeka kungqinelana neendlela zokuhamba jet umlambo.
Ukuvuleka okwenziwe kukunqanda kwemihlaba kuvumela i-ozone ekhoyo kwi-stratosphere kunye nomoya owomileyo ukuba ungene kwi-troposphere. Amaxabiso e-tropopause ehla kwiindawo ezisuka kwi-ikhweyitha ukuya ezipalini. Nangona kunjalo, amaqondo obushushu anyuka ngokunyuka.
Iindidi zethropopause ngokokuphakama nobude
Kuxhomekeka kubume bemozulu kunye nemozulu kumzuzu ngamnye, ukuphakama kwetropopause kuyahluka. Umzekelo, iphezulu xa kukho ii-anticyclone kumanqanaba asezantsi kwaye iphantsi xa kukho uxinzelelo okanye isaqhwithi. Iqondo lobushushu liyatshintsha kuxhomekeke kububanzi obukubo. Kukho iindawo apho ikwi -85 ° C nakwezinye iindawo kwi -45 ° C.
Ngale ndlela, iimeko ezintathu ezahlukeneyo okanye iintlobo ezintathu zokunqanda indawo kunokuchongwa, kuxhomekeka kwindawo ekuyo kunye nobude nokuphakama.
- Uhlobo lwe-1 okanye oluqhelekileyo Yeyona inezinto ezininzi ezimileyo. Akukho sikhombiso sifudumeleyo okanye sibandayo kwi-troposphere.
- Chwetheza 2 okanye H Ikwabizwa ngokuba yindawo ephezulu yokuphela. Nguye ophawula xa kukho uhlobo lwesithambiso esishushu kwindawo ephezulu kunye nendawo ephakathi yetroposphere. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka xa kukho ama-anticyclone ashushu.
- Uhlobo lwe-3 okanye i-S. Ikwabizwa ngokuba litshonile. Iyahambelana naxa intengiselwano ebandayo ivele kumanqanaba aphezulu e-troposphere kwaye okuseleyo kwenziwa xa kukho iindawo zoxinzelelo olusezantsi kwimiqolo esezantsi.
Ukubaluleka
Nangona kungabonakali ngathi, lo mgca owahlula omabini amacala omoya ubaluleke kakhulu kubomi eMhlabeni. Into yokuqala kukuba enkosi kuzinzo olunikezela kumanqanaba aphezulu, awaziwayo cirrus amafu.
Ikhonza njengendawo yokugcina amanzi, kuba iyakwazi ukugcina umphunga wamanzi omninzi kumda wayo osezantsi ukusuka kwimimandla yetropiki. Uninzi lweekhompawundi ezikhoyo kulo mda zisebenza ukuqonda ngcono iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu kunye nendlela eya kuwuchaphazela ngayo umhlaba. Le yindlela ezinye izicwangciso ezinokuyilwa ngayo ukunciphisa owona monakalo uyingozi ubangelwe yile meko.
Amafu afikelela kwi-tropopause ngama-convection currents ayeke ukunyuka kwaye ngokungathi abaleka eludongeni lweglasi. Musa ukuvumela amafu ukuba aqhubeke edada phezulu kuba inoxinano olufanayo nomoya ojikelezileyo. Ityala elichaseneyo lenzeka ngezantsi kwetropopause, apho umoya une-buoyancy evumela ukuba unyuke usihla. Ezona zivunguvungu zinamandla kwi-troposphere zivuthela amafu ngaphezulu kwetropopause.
I-Phenomena ebangelwa yi-tropopause
Kukho izinto ezithile ezenzekayo ngenxa yobukho balo mda. Siza kuzihlalutya nganye nganye.
Eyokuqala kukuba, njengoko i-CO2 kugxilwe, zonyusa inani lokungqubana kweemolekyuli kunye nezinye iigesi ezifana nenitrogen. Ngexesha lokuothuka, amandla e-kinetic ayangena kwaye kulapho kuveliswa into eyaziwa ngokuba yimitha ye-infrared. Luhlobo lwemitha yelungu lombane wombane kwaye inobude obude. Oku kwandisa ubushushu.
Xa oku kusenzeka, kukho ukutshintshwa kobushushu ngokulula kwindawo ye-troposphere eyonyusa ubushushu. Ukuba le nto yenzeka kwi-stratosphere, imitha ye-infrared eveliswayo inokubalekela emajukujukwini, kuba kukho umoya ophantsi. Ngokuxinana okuncinci, umoya uyakwazi ukupholisa ezona ndawo ziphakamileyo zomoya.
Into yesibini eyenzeka ngenxa ye-tropopause yile Kwenzeka ngokunyuka kwe-CO2 concentrations. Kule meko, ithatha ubushushu obuvela emhlabeni kwaye kukho ukwanda kweqondo lobushushu emazantsi e-atmosfera. Yiyo ke le nto ukuba imitha ifikelela kweyona manqanaba aphezulu.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokuhlala ixesha elide.