Iindidi zamafu

Ukujonga esibhakabhakeni kunye nokubona amafu yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Amafu awabonisi nje kuphela imvula kunye nezaqhwithi, kodwa angasinika ulwazi malunga nemeteorology. Kukho ezahlukileyo iintlobo zamafu esibhakabhakeni kwaye nganye ineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zoqeqesho. Kule nqaku siza kufunda ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zamafu, ukuba zithetha ntoni kwaye kutheni zisenzeka nje.

Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neendidi zamafu? Qhubeka ufunda kwaye uyakufumanisa yonke into.

Ilifu lenzeka njani

Phambi kokuba siqale ukuchaza iintlobo zamafu kufuneka sichaze ukuba aqala njani Ukuze kubekho amafu esibhakabhakeni kufuneka kubekho ukupholisa komoya. "I-loop" iqala ngeLanga. Xa imitha yelanga ifudumeza umphezulu woMhlaba, zikwabushushu bomoya ojikeleze umhlaba. Ubushushu obushushu obuphezulu buba buncinci, ke buye buye buye bonyuke butshintshwe ngumoya obandayo, oxineneyo. Njengoko unyukela phezulu, ithambeka lobushushu bendalo elibangela ubushushu bube sezantsi. Ngesi sizathu, umoya uyaphola.

Xa ifikelela kumaleko apholileyo omoya, iyadibana ibe ngumphunga wamanzi. Lo mphunga wamanzi awubonakali ngamehlo, kuba yenziwe ngamaconsi amanzi kunye namasuntswana omkhenkce. Amasuntswana mancinci ngobukhulu kangangokuba ayakwazi ukubanjwa emoyeni ngemisinga ethe nkqo ethe nkqo.

Umahluko phakathi kokwakheka kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamafu kungenxa yamaqondo obushushu. Kukho amafu enza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye amanye asezantsi. Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi ayenzeka kancinci, ilifu "liyajiya". Kukho ezinye iindidi zamafu anikezelayo imvula kunye nezinye ezingazenziyo.

Ukuba amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu, ilifu elenzayo liya kwenziwa ziikristale zomkhenkce.

Enye into echaphazela ukwenziwa kwelifu kukuhamba komoya. Amafu enziwe xa umoya uphumle athambekele ekubonakaleni kwimiqolo okanye kumqolo. Kwelinye icala, ezo zenziwa phakathi komoya okanye umoya onamandla othe nkqo zibonakalisa ukukhula nkqo. Ngokwesiqhelo le mvula yokugqibela ingunobangela wemvula kwaye izaqhwithi.

Amafu aphezulu

Sizahlula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamafu ngokubhekisele kubude obuphakamileyo.

Cirrus

Bangamafu amhlophe, acace gca kwaye azikho izithunzi zangaphakathi. Babonakala njenge "misila yehashe" eyaziwayo. Abayonto ngaphandle kwamafu abunjwe ziikristale zomkhenkce ngenxa yokuphakama apho bakhoyo. Zifana nemisonto emide, ebhityileyo enesabelo esingaphezulu okanye esincinci rhoqo semigca efanayo.

Ingabonakala ngeliso lenyama ijonge esibhakabhakeni kwaye ibone ukuba kubonakala njani ukuba isibhakabhaka sapeyintwa ngemivumbo. Ukuba isibhakabhaka sonke sigutyungelwe ngamafu e-cirrus, kunokwenzeka ukuba kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezizayo utshintsho olomeleleyo lwemozulu luya kubakho. Ngokubanzi, zihlala zilutshintsho lokwehla kwamaqondo obushushu.

Cirrocumulus

La mafu enza umaleko phantse oqhubekayo onembonakalo yomhlaba eshwabeneyo kunye neemilo ezijikeleziweyo ngokungathi zincinci iicotton. Amafu amhlophe ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokubonisa nasiphi na isithunzi. Xa isibhakabhaka sibonakala sigutyungelwe lolu hlobo lwamafu, kuthiwa luyadika. Kuyafana nokulukwa kwegusha.

Bahlala bevela ecaleni kwamafu e-cirrus kunye bonisa ukuba imozulu iyatshintsha malunga neeyure ezilishumi elinesibini. Xa zivela, isaqhwithi sihlala silandela. Ngokucacileyo abasoloko bebonisa okufanayo. Ukuba kunjalo, imo yezulu kunye nokuqikelelwa kwemozulu kunokuba lula.

ICirrostratus

Kubonakala ngathi kukuqala nje kwesikhuselo, apho kunzima khona ukwahlula iinkcukacha. Ngamanye amaxesha imiphetho inokuqatshelwa njengoko inde kwaye ibanzi ebanzi. Ziyaziwa ngokulula kuba zenza i-halo esibhakabhakeni ejikeleze ilanga nenyanga. Zihlala zenzeka kumafu e-cirrus kwaye zibonisa ukuba imozulu embi okanye ezinye ibunzi elifudumeleyo.

Amafu aphakathi

Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamafu aphakathi esiwafumanayo:

I-Altocumulus

Ngamafu amilise okwe-flake anobukhulu obuphakathi kunye nolwakhiwo olungaqhelekanga. La mafu anamaqebengwane kunye neenyikima kwinxalenye esezantsi. I-Altocumulus bonisa ukuba imozulu embi iyaqala nokuba yimvula okanye izaqhwithi.

Stratus ephakamileyo

La ngamafu anemiqolo emincinci kunye neendawo ezixineneyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi ilanga linokubonwa ngokugqunywa lilifu. Inkangeleko iyafana neendawo ezingaqhelekanga. Zibonisa imvula entle ngenxa yokwehla kobushushu.

Amafu asezantsi

Zezona zikufutshane kumphezulu womhlaba. Phakathi kwabo sine:

INimbostratus

Zibonakala njengomaleko omnyama oqhelekileyo omnyama onamaqondo ahlukeneyo opacity. Kungenxa yokuba uxinizelelo luyahluka kulo lonke ilifu. Ziqhelekile kwimvula yasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Banokufumaneka kwimvula ngohlobo lwe nieve.

IStratocumulus

Zizo ezo zinokungqinwa okufana neesilinda ezinde. Banazo neempuku ezikwimibala eyahlukeneyo engwevu. Kunqabile ukuba bazise imvula.

Strata

Inkangeleko yile yenkungu engwevu ngaphandle kokubona izakhiwo ezichazwe kakuhle. Inezinto ezithile ezinamaqondo ahlukeneyo opacity. Ngexesha leenyanga ezibandayo bayakwazi ukunyamezela imini yonke, banike imbonakalo yomhlaba obukrakra ngakumbi. Xa kufika intwasahlobo ziyavela ngentseni kwaye zisasazeke emini. Ibonisa imozulu elungileyo.

Amafu nkqo nkqo

La ngamafu abonisa iidigri ezinkulu zobukhulu kunye nemvula.

Amafu eCumulus

Banenkangeleko eshinyeneyo kunye nezithunzi eziphawulwe kakhulu, ukuya kwinqanaba lokuthintela ilanga. Bangamafu angwevu. Isiseko saso sithe tye, kodwa icandelo laso eliphezulu linamaphiko amakhulu. Amafu e-Cumulus ahambelana nemozulu elungileyo xa kukho ukufuma okuncinci kunye nokuhamba kancinci komoya okuthe nkqo. Bayakwazi ukubangela imvula kunye neenkqwithela.

Cumulonimbus

Awona mazulu makhulu kwaye akhangeleka ngathi makhulu kunye nophuhliso oluthe nkqo. Zingwevu ngombala kwaye zigubungela ilanga ngokupheleleyo. Ezi zeziqhelekileyo ezithi zenzeke xa kukho isaqhwithi zize zivelise nesichotho.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ukufumanisa amafu.