Phakathi kweentaba ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni yi I-Aconcagua. Kukwaziwa ngegama likaCerro Aconcagua. Yintaba ebekwe kwiphondo lasentshona laseMendoza, kumbindi-ntshona weArgentina. Iphawula umda kunye neChile kwaye yeyona ndawo iphakamileyo efunyenwe kuwo wonke ummandla osentshona weplanethi. Ukuba yintaba ebaluleke kangako, abantu banayo ngaphakathi kuhlelo lweeNgqungquthela ezisixhenxe apho ifunyanwa khona, umzekelo, zeHimalaya.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu zale ntaba idumileyo kwaye sityhile ezinye zeemfihlo zayo ezinomdla.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Sithetha ngenye yeentaba eziphakamileyo esekwe kuncedo oluphezulu olubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Ezi ntaba zineendawo eziphakamileyo kakhulu kulo lonke ilizwekazi laseMelika. Le ibekwe kummandla Argentina. Ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yeentaba zeAndes, iAconcagua yeyona ndawo iphakamileyo. Ineencopho ezimbini ezikummandla osemazantsi kunye nomntla. Ezi ncopho zimbini zenza umkhondo wokunyuka intaba omangalisayo kuba uqhagamshelwe ngumqolo owaziwa ngokuba yiFilo de Guanaco.
Ngaphezulu sifumana uninzi lweengqimba zomkhenkce ezikhoyo unyaka wonke. La maqhekeza omkhenkce ngawo ayila imbonakalo-mhlaba ukuze abe nobu bungangamsha kumawakawaka eminyaka yemijikelo yomkhenkce kunye nonyibiliko.
I-Aconcagua inemvelaphi yentaba-mlilo, nangona ayiyiyo intaba-mlilo. Ukuba kunjalo, ayinakuba namakhephu omkhenkce ngenxa yobushushu obunikwe yitshimini yentaba-mlilo. Uninzi lwamatye kwindawo yeencopho ziintaba-mlilo. Olunye lweempawu zalo eziphambili kukuba iintaba eziyibumba zisencinci kakhulu. Ezi ntaba zineendawo eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo. Elona nqanaba liphantsi lokuphakama ziimitha ezingama-2500, ke sinokubona ezinye iincopho eziphezulu.
Uqeqesho lweAconcagua
Siza kuhlalutya inkqubo encinci eyenziwe ngayo iAconcagua ukuze sifunde ngakumbi ngayo. Ukubunjwa kwayo kwenzeka xa ubuninzi bomhlaba behla phantsi kwe-South American Plate emva kokudibana. Iinkqubo ezenzekileyo kude kube lelo xesha Orogenesis kwaye iindawo ezisongwayo bezisoloko zibumba ukukhululeka kwaye zivelisa iindawo zezi ntaba.
Izazinzulu zicinga ukuba yenziwa ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo apho kwabakho imisitho eyahluka kwezinye kwaye imbonakalo yomhlaba yatshintsha ngakumbi. Ixesha lokuqala lokuyilwa kweAconcagua liqala ngexesha leJurassic. Ngeli xesha, amatye enza isiseko sayo yonke le nto. Emva kwexesha, ixesha lokuba lolona lungelelwaniso lwaluse- Mesozoic. Ngeli xesha, iintshukumo zeetekoni zamacwecwe zibangele oko Isakhiwo seAconcagua ngaphandle kokuba sihambelane ngakumbi kwaye amatye eentlenge ayalungiswa.
Inqanaba lokugqibela lolwakhiwo lenzeka ngenxa yokufumba kweedipozithi zomkhenkce kunye nezixhobo ezikhukuliswe yimvula enkulu ICenozoic. Le mvula kunye nokuxinana kubangele ukonyuka okukhulu ekuphakameni kweentaba.
Kuba inokuphakama okuphezulu, ayinakuphikiswa ukuba yeyona iphakamileyo kuyo yonke iNtshona yeHlabathi. Olu phando luye lwaxoxwa ukusukela kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Kubhalwe ukuba eyona ncopho iphakamileyo ziimitha ezingama-6959. Emva kwexesha, ngoJanuwari 2001, kwaxelwa ukuba ukuphakama kwencopho ephezulu yayiziimitha ezingama-6962. Eli nani lichazwe ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, khange yamkelwe ngokusemthethweni ngurhulumente wase-Argentina.
sezulu
Njengokuba kukho amaqhekeza omkhenkce kwiincopho zawo, imozulu iyabanda kakhulu. Amaqondo obushushu e -30 degrees abhalwe phezulu. Ukusuka kwi-5000 yeemitha ukuphakama, iqondo lobushushu yi -20 degrees. Kubaninzi abakhwela intaba kunye nabanyukayo, iimeko ezibandayo, ikhephu elinzima, kunye notshintsho olungalindelekanga benza iinzame zabo zokufikelela kwindawo ephezulu. Ubusika ayingomhlobo ulungileyo ukuhlala kwezi ndawo.
Ukufuma kule ndawo kunqabile, kukho ioksijini encinci kwaye kukho imimoya enamandla kakhulu. Le mimoya ibangela izaqhwithi ezibalulekileyo apho zenzeka khona izaqhwithi zombane ezoyikwa kakhulu ngabemi bale ndawo. Izaqhwithi zinokuza zilayishwe likhephu kunye nemimoya enamandla, ke ubomi balapho bunzima. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kule ndawo kukuba ebusika amaqondo obushushu awadluli kwiidigri zero.
Iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana
Ngokubhekiselele kwiintyatyambo, uninzi lweentlobo ezihlala kulo sele zilungele ukuhlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo. Imeko yemozulu yingxaki, kodwa bafunde ukuhlala kuzo. Uninzi lweentlobo zezityalo kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nemitha yelanga ethe ngqo kunye nemimoya enamandla. Kuqhelekile ukufumana ezinye iintlobo ezifana ne-yareta, i-cockade, uphondo lweebhokhwe, iinkuni zomlilo otyheli, njl. Ukuba zilungelelaniswe nale mimandla enzima.
Nangona ezinye iintlobo ze-cacti zinokubonakala ehlotyeni kwiindawo ezinengca eninzi kunye namayeza.
Kwelinye icala, nezilwanyana kuye kwafuneka ziziqhelanise kakhulu neemeko zokusingqongileyo ezikhoyo. Kukho uhlaza oluncinci, ukunqongophala kwamanzi, amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu, ioksijini encinci kunye nemimoya enamandla kakhulu. Phakathi kwezona ntlobo zilungelelanisiweyo nezixhaphakileyo kwezi ndawo sine-condor, i-cinderella sleeper kunye ne-squatred squat. Kukwakho nezinye iimpuku ezinje ngeempuku zeAndes, iguanaco kunye nechinchillón. Ukusuka kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo sinepuma kunye nempungutye ebomvu.
Ukubaluleka kweAconcagua kulele kungekuphela ngenxa yokuba imele kwinqanaba leencopho eziphakamileyo kunye nexabiso leentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana. Yinkqubo edibeneyo ye-biome eyenza ukuba ibe nesixa esihle seentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana ngaphandle kweemeko ezibi. Ukongeza, ngumthombo obalulekileyo wengeniso ngenxa yenani labakhenkethi abahamba baya entabeni.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi uza kufunda ngakumbi ngeAconcagua.