Iwo akanakisa geologist munhoroondo

Munhoroondo yese yepasi redu pakange paine shanduko zhinji padanho rejusi. Shanduko idzi dzakadzidzwa nekutenda kune mupiro mukuru wakaitwa nesainzi munharaunda yedu. Iye munhu anodzidza geology anozivikanwa sa geologist. Munhoroondo yese yevanhu pakange paine magiologist ayo akapa ruzivo rwakakura kwazvo pamusoro pekushanduka nekushanda kwepasi redu. Naizvozvo, ivo vakafungidzirwa akanakisa geologist munhoroondo.

Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuudza kuti ndiani akanakisa ma geologist munhoroondo uye zvavakapa kune vesaenzi nzanga.

Iwo akanakisa geologist munhoroondo

Nicolas Steno

Iye aisakwanisa kuve akashaikwa muboka reakanakisa geologist munhoroondo. Chokwadi wakambonzwa nezvazvo Nicolas Steno. Iye ndiye protagonist weshanduko yesainzi yezana ramakore rechinomwe nemanomwe maererano negeology. Uye iyi yaive geologist yekutanga munhoroondo. Akadzidza zvemishonga uye akafamba muEurope yese achigara muTuscany. Pakabuda boka rekutanga remasayendisiti avo vaidzivirirwa naGrand Duke Fernando II de Medici kuti vaite kuferefeta kwavo.

Kunyora kwake kwakatanga kutendakutsemurwa kweshark kutumwa nevateveri vake vakamutungamira kushambadza iyo Canis carchariae. Kutenda kududziro yetambo yepasi uye marekodhi ezvakawanikwa akakwanisa kupfupisa iyo misimboti yekuisa mune rakakurumbira basa Prodomus. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti strata ine musimboti wekutanga kutenderera uye kuenderera mberi. Ndokunge, iyo substrate pamusoro payo iri diki pane iyo iri pazasi payo. Kunge substrates, ivo vane yekudyidzana kuenderera munguva.

Nicolás Steno ndiye airatidza kuti nyika yedu yaive nenhoroondo yaigona kuzivikanwa nekuverenga matombo. Kutenda kuwanikwa uku, pfungwa yemazuva ano ye nguva yegeological.

James hutton

James hutton Aive protagonist wemufananidzo nekutenda kune dzidziso yake yePlutonism. Panguva ino paive neNeptunism uye njodzi idzo dzaive pfungwa dzakakurumbira. Uyu geologist akadzivirira kwakatangira mavambo egranites nematombo anoputika. Iyi modhi yainzi Plutonism. Nekuda kwezvaakaita, akaverengerwa muboka reakanakisa mageologist munhoroondo.

Gare gare akatanga kutsanangura chirevo cheiyo geological kutenderera uye akataura kuti maitiro eiyo geological anoita kwenguva yakareba uye kuti njodzi uye kupindira kwaMwari kunodiwa kutsanangura nhoroondo yePasi. Aivewo mutangiri wechokwadi uye kubata kwenguva yakadzika. Makore gare gare iyi pfungwa yaizokurudzirwa naCharles Lyell.

Willian smith

Uyu musayendisiti aive muongorori ainyanya kudzidza London Basin panguva yekuchinja kwemaindasitiri. Rimwe rematambudziko iro murume uyu akasazotadza kumira zvakanyanya nderekuti aive nehukama hwehukama hwaisamutendera kuti adzidze kuyunivhesiti. Asingakwanise kudzidza kuyunivhesiti, akatanga kushanda semuongorori achidzidzira basa, iro panguva iyoyo raive basa raikosheswa kwazvo.

Vanoongorora vakakosha zvikuru mumigodhi yemarasha, mukuvandudzwa kweinjiniya yekumaindasitiri uye mukuvakwa kwemigero yekutakura nayo mvura. MuLondon Basin, maive nezvakareruka geological zvimiro zvine masiyano akanyatsosiyana. Iye akagona kuongorora mafossil aive nematanda panguva iyo njanji yaivepo. Aya marara aigara achiitika nenzira yakatsanangurwa. Aya ndiwo marongero aigona kuitwa nguva yega yega yezvisaririra zvinoenderana. Kutenda kune izvi zvisaririra zvaive zvichikwanisika kupa zera zera kune iyo strata.

Kutenda kune uyu musayendisiti, iko kunofungidzirwa kuberekwa kwe biostratigraphy. Akagadzirawo mepu yekutanga yemumagariro munhoroondo inomiririrwa pamepu yenyika. Inogona kushandirwa nemarudzi akasiyana uye yaive mepu yakachinja nyika.

Georges cuvier

Aive mumwe weakakura maatomist enguva yake uye ainakidzwa nemukurumbira uye simba. Haana kungodzidza geology chete asi aive zvakare mutariri wekudzokorora ruzivo rwakave nezve mhuka. Georges cuvier aive muvambi we paleontology sesainzi uye ndiye akatanga kuongorora chokwadi chakakosha. Pakati pezviitiko zvakakosha paive nekutsakatika kwehupenyu uye nenjodzi dzavepo papasi redu. Izvi zvese zviitiko zvenguva pfupi uye zvinotyisa zvakachinja hupenyu paPasi.

Basa hombe remusayendisiti iri raive iro pfungwa huru yekufunga kwekushanduka-shanduka kwenguva iyoyo. Akaratidza hunyanzvi hwekugona kuvaka zvekare zvisaririra uye kunyangwe kubva kuzvidimbu zvidiki.

Charles Lyell

Mumwe musayendisiti ari weboka remagariro akanakisa enhoroondo. Aive gweta nekudzidziswa uye munhu akakosha anotungamira mukuparadzira mazano ese nezvechokwadi. yeHutton. Idzi pfungwa dzakaratidza kuti izvozvi ndiyo kiyi yezvakare. Zana ramakore mushure mekuzvarwa kwe Charles Lyell uye kwakange kuri kubva murufu rwaHutton kuti Charles Darwin akateedzera misimboti ye geology.

Alfred wegener

Ivo vaive musayendisiti wechiGerman, geophysicist, meteorologist. Alfred wegener mugadziri weiyo Dzidziso ye Continental Drift. Akanga akanyanya kudzidziswa semuchadenga asi gare gare akazvipira kune zvemamiriro ekunze. Akadzika munhoroondo yekuve wekutanga kudzivirira geological hypothesis iyo yaive nehukama hwekukukurwa kwemakondinendi. Akafira chando kuGreenland muna 1930, parwendo rwaaitsvaga humbowo hwekutsigira fungidziro yake.

Pakati pe data raaivimba naro kudzivirira dzidziso ye Continental Drift yakataura kuti kondinendi imwe yaivepo mamirioni emakore apfuura, iyo yaakatumidza kuti Pangea. Kwemakore, iyi supercontinent yakakamukana uye kupatsanurwa kwakatanga. Mukupedzisira, makondinendi anga achitora chinzvimbo chavanacho nhasi. Aive zvakare akavakirwa pane mamwe mafossil aakakwanisa kunyora uye pamakungwa emakondinendi ezuva ranhasi anoenderana pamwe nekufanana kunoshamisa.

Mufungo we Continental Drift wanga wakarurama asi usina kukwana Gare gare yakazozivikanwa nekuda kweiyo Tectonic mahwendefa kuti variko convection mazaya mune jasi repasi pano ndizvo zvinoita kuti kufamba kwemakondinendi. Alfred Wegener akatadza kupa humbowo hwekuti nei makondinendi achinja.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve akanakisa geologist munhoroondo.