Mune zvakapfuura zvinyorwa isu taive tichiongorora Makomo eAppalachian y Himalaya. Aya maficha e geological akasarudzika uye akakosha kutenderera pasirese. Nhasi uno tiri kuenderera mberi nekushanya munzvimbo dzemakomo dzakarota, dzakapfuma mukusiyana-siyana uye chiratidzo chekuti nyika yedu ichiri kurarama Ngatitaurei nezvazvo Rocky Makomo. Iyo ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha kwazvo pamakomo muAmerica yese. Iri pakati peCanada neUnited States uye inoonekwa semusana weNorth America.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva kukosha kwese kweRedy Mountains, iyi ndiyo yako posvo.
Mhando huru
Nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuvapo kwezvinhu zvipenyu, nharaunda iyi yakagadzwa zita reNational Park muna 1915. Uyezve, gare gare, muna 1984, Yakaziviswa nzvimbo yeWorld Heritage Saiti neUNESCO. Uye ndeyekuti mumakomo aya mune zvakavanzika zvakawanda zvegeological zvakachengetwa nezvekuumbwa kwepasi redu sekuziva kwedu nhasi uye inzvimbo inogara zviuru zvemarudzi.
Iyo ine kureba kwakakura kwemakiromita angangoita mazana mana mazana mana, mazana. Hupamhi hwayo huri pakati pemakiromita 110 ne440 muchikamu chayo chikuru. Iyo nzvimbo inotambanuka kubva kuchamhembe kweAlberta neBritish Columbia (ese ari muCanada) kumaodzanyemba kweNew Mexico. Inopfuura nemuMapani Makuru kumabvazuva uye nemumabheseni nemapani kumavirira.
Inoumbwa nemakomo akati wandei, saka iri rakapamhamha uye rinokosha kudzidza. Kune makomo senge anoshamisa Cabinet uye Salish. Kuve unodanwa seNzvimbo Yemagariro Saiti, zviitiko zvakawanda zvehupfumi zvinorambidzwa. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuchengetedza zvisikwa zvipenyu zvine hutano.
Iwo Rocky Mountains anochengetedza pakati pematanho avo imwe yemakomo akakurisa muNorth America yese. Iri ndiro Gomo Elbert. Iine kukwirira kwemamita 4.401. Iwo marefu anoramba achiripo muchikamu chekuchamhembe anochengetedza mazhinji emazaya echando ayo achiripo kubva kwekupedzisira glaciation. Aya chando ane ruzivo rwakakosha nezve mamiriro ekunze ayo masayendisiti anofanira kuongorora zvizere. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore aya anoramba ari machira echando akaumbwa pamusoro pemakore kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama nezve yedu yapfuura geological.
Zvikamu zvinonakidza
Muchikamu chekuchamhembe cheRockies iwe unogona kunakidzwa nenzvimbo dzinoyevedza dzemipata yakatetepa uye yakadzika yakaumbwa pamusoro pemamirioni emakore nekuita kwechando. Kuenderera mberi kwechando uye kunyungudika kuri kuunza mafashama erwizi ari kuumba nzvimbo uye nekuumba mabani atinogona kukoshesa nhasi. Chokwadi ndechekuti zvakakosha kuti ukwanise kucherechedza iyo yakasikwa nzvimbo iyo yakaumbwa kare kare uye kuti chete zvakasikwa zvakapindira mukugadzirwa kwayo.
Pakati pezvikamu zvinonyanya kufadza kuona muRockies tinowana dzimwe nzizi dzakakosha dzinowanikwa muNorth America yese. Pakati pavo tinosangana neColorado Rwizi, Columbia neBravo. Iyi nzizi dzemvura yakachena dzinopihwa mvura iyo inoramba ichigadzirwa mukuita kwechando nekunyungudika zvataurwa pamusoro. Izvi zvinotiyeuchidza nezvekukosha kwekunyungudika kwechando sezvizvi mukutarisana nekukwira kwenzvimbo dzegungwa nenjodzi dzinogona kugadzirwa kubva pane izvi.
Munzvimbo ino yechisikigo hatigone chete kuona makomo, asi mamwe matombo akaumbwa neakaitwa echando, ekunze geological uye mamiriro ekunze. Kuenderera kwekuita kwemvura, mhepo, shanduko mukushisa, kutonhora uye kunyungudika, nezvimwe. Ivo vanogadzira iyo nharaunda pamusoro pemakore uye vanopa kumwe kunoshamisa kweiyo geological mafomati.
Ko Rocky Mountains akaumbwa sei?
Tiri kutaura nezve maumbirwo akaitwa nzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo munzvimbo idzi. Asi aya makomo akaumbwa sei? Iyi geological maitiro yakatungamira mukuumbwa kweRockies inonyanyo kufundwa nema geologist kutenderera pasirese. Uye ndeyekuti makomo aya akavandudzika munguva iyo pasi raive richishanda zvakanyanya.
Iwo matekitoni mahwendefa akatambura kufamba kwakasimba uko kwakatungamira mukukwiridzira kwenzvimbo uye nekuumbwa kwakazotevera kwemakomo. Iwo Makomo eAppalachian ataurwa pamusoro uye akatsanangurwa mune imwe chinyorwa akaumbwa kubva pakubonderana kweplate yaLaurentia neGondwana panguva yekupedzisira Carboniferous. Gare gare, muEocene, pakanga paine kudzikiswa kwakadzika pazasi pechikara icho nhasi chinoumba ese ekumadokero eNorth America. Uku kutora pasi kwaisimudza gakava rekondinendi zvakanyanya uye nekuumbwa kweRockies kwaiitika nenzira inotsanangurwa.
Zvinogoneka kuti iyo data kubva kuzvidzidzo ndeyechokwadi uye misi makomo aya e makore ari pakati pemakore makumi mashanu nemashanu kusvika makumi masere nemasere emakore. Neichi chikonzero, isu tinokwanisa kuona pamberi pe maziso edu zvakasikwa nzvimbo iyo ruoko rwemunhu rusina kupindira uye iyo yakaumbwa makore emamirioni 88 apfuura.
Mushure memakore ekupedzisira emamirioni makumi matanhatu, kana kuumbwa kwavo kwapera, makomo anozviisa kune ekunze geological uye emeteorological vamiririri. Pakati pavo tinowana iyo metamorphization yematombo. Kugadziriswa kwezvinhu zviviri panyama (nekuda kweshanduko inoenderera mukushisa uye shanduko yemwaka) nemakemikari nekuda kwekuparara kwezvinhu nekuita kwemvura. Pamusoro pezvo, mhepo nemvura zvinoramba zvichiita kuti nzvimbo yacho ioneke nekukukurwa.
Flora nemhuka
Sezvo isu tataura zvakati wandei mune ino posvo, kune akawanda marudzi ezvese ari maviri maruva nemhuka zvinogara munzvimbo idzi. Munzvimbo dzinoyevedza dzetundra, mapani, masango, nzvimbo dzine huswa, materu nevamwe biomes dzakasiyana dzinogona kugara mumarudzi mazhinji munzvimbo yakakwana yezvakatipoteredza.
Pakati pemarudzi anogara pamwe chete isu tinowana nondo, chena-muswe mhembwe, hwamanda shumba, coyote, shava bere, Canadian lynx, uye chena mbudzi.
Isu tinowanawo zvakawanda zvakasiyana siyana zvehuswa uye maruva atinowana ponderosa pine, oak, alpine fir, pakati pevamwe.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peRocky Mountains.