Himalaya

Paunotaura nezvegomo rakakura kwazvo pasi rese unogara uchitaura nezvaro vanodada. Iri gomo renzvimbo rine pakati paro makomo marefu aripo papasi redu, kusanganisira yakakurumbira Everest neK2. Iyo zvakare ine akawanda emakomo echando ane akakwirira ecological tsika. Kunyangwe iri yakakura kwazvo muhukuru, inoonekwa seimwe sisito diki pamakomo masisitimu edu.

Muchikamu chino ticha taura nezve zvese hunhu, geology, maruva nemhuka zviripo muHimalaya uye kukosha kwazvinoita kune zvakasikwa. Iwe unoda kuziva zvakawanda nezve yakakurumbira renji renji pasirese? Ramba uchiverenga nekuti iwe unodzidza zvese 🙂

Zvakawanda

Himalaya inowanikwa munzvimbo dzese dzekumaodzanyemba-pakati peAsia. Iri gomo renzvimbo rinochengetedza mamwe emhando dzakanakisa pasi pano ari mupenyu. Famba rwendo rurefu runotora nyika shanu dzekuwedzera: India, Nepal, China, Bhutan nePakistan. Nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze uye nekukwirira kwemakomo ayo, kune mahombe mahombe echando anoita kuti ive chinzvimbo chechitatu munzvimbo yepasirese. Antarctica neArctic ndicho chinhu chete chinogona kudarika makomo aya maererano nechando. Kunyangwe iyo isingapinde pasi pechando chepamusoro, inomiririra kunaka kwayo kusingaverengeke Makomo eAppalachian.

Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti makomo aya ane kutonhora kwakanyanya, nekufamba kwenguva mataundi mazhinji nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzakagara. Iyo tsika inokura munzvimbo idzi yakasarudzika, nekuti haigone kuve kune imwe nzvimbo. Pamusoro peiyo yakasarudzika tsika uye hunyanzvi mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora, ine chinokwezva chikuru chevashanyi, kwete chete kubva kune vashanyi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, asi kubva kune vanokwira nyanzvi vanoedza kukwira kumusoro kuti vaputse zvinyorwa zvepasirese.

Vagari venzvimbo ino vanozivikanwa se Sherpas uye ndivo nyanzvi kwazvo mumakomo eNepal. Muchokwadi, vazhinji vakazvipira kudzidzisa vanokwira kukwira zvese zvavanoda kuti vazive kuti vararame munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeHimalaya. Uye ndezvekuti pamatanho epamusoro tembiricha inodonha pamwepo nehumhepo hwemhepo uye zvinoita kuti zvive nemamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara emamiriro ekunze kuti akwanise kukwira

Sherpas akaberekerwa munzvimbo idzi saka vakave nemaitiro ekugadzirisa emakore mazhinji kune zvakatipoteredza mamiriro. Himalaya zvakare ine simba rechitendero chevanhu vese padyo nemakomo. Hakusati kuchingova bedzi nechitendero chimwe chinotonga panzvimbo idzi, asi maHindu, maJain, maBuddha, uye maSikh vanoita tsika dzavo.

Mhando huru

Hurefu hwese hweHimalaya hwakareba makiromita mazana maviri nemazana uye inomhanya kubva kumabvazuva kuenda kumadokero kweRwizi rweIndus. Iyo inopfuura nepakati penyika dzese dziri pakati-kumabvazuva kweAsia uye inogumira paBrahmaputra. Hupamhi hwayo hupamhi makiromita 260.

Kuva gomo rezviyero izvi, nzizi zhinji dzinoyerera nekuyerera kukuru nekuda kwemvura nyowani inokonzerwa nekunyungudika kwemazaya echando. Iwe unogona zvakare kunakidzwa nemipata yakanaka yakaita seU semhedzisiro yekuyerera kwechando. Aya maitiro ekunze kwe geological anonakidza zvechokwadi uye akakosha kuona mumunhu. Nzizi huru dzinoyerera kuburikidza neHimalaya ndidzo iyo Ganges, Indo, Yarlung Tsangpo, Yero, Mekong, Nujiang uye Brahmaputra. Dzese idzi nzizi dzine kuyerera kukuru uye dzinozivikanwa nekuda kwemvura yadzo uye yakachena. Ivo vane kugona kudzora mamiriro ekunze epasi uye vanotakura akawanda maseseji uye kuyerera kunzvimbo dzakatenderedza. Kuyerera uku kwakatakurwa neyechisikigo organic chinhu chakapfuma kwazvo muhutano.

Himalaya makomo akaumbwa sei?

Kuti iyi gomo renzvimbo dzakakura kudaro dzigadzire, kumwe kwekunze kweiyo geological maitiro ehukuru hwakakura aifanira kuvapo. Himalaya makomo renji akaumbwa nekuda kwekukonana kweiyo Indic ndiro neiyo yeEurasian. Aya mahwendefa maviri emakondinendi akabonderana nesimba guru uye akavandudza nzvimbo dzese dzemakomo dzatinoona nhasi. Kuenzaniswa nemamwe makomo makuru pasi redu, Himalaya idiki. Ini ndinoti zvine hungwaru nekuti pamwero wevanhu ndezvekare kwazvo, asi ngatirege kukanganwa nguva yegeological.

Chimwe chezvikonzero zvinoita kuti vazivikanwe kuve mapiki emazuva ano ndechekuti iwo haana kupfekwa zvachose. Kana gomo rakura zvinoonekwa kuti pakakwirira pakakanganiswa mushure mekuenderera kwenzira, sinou, mvura nemhepo. Maitiro akaumbwa nawo haasati anyatsonzwisiswa, asi inofananidzwa neAlps kuyedza kutsvaga zera rayo. Nharaunda yesainzi yakasimbisa kuti apo mahwendefa epasi rose akabonderana, kukwira kwePasi kwakakwira zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro pemamirioni emakore.

Mushure meongororo yepaleontological uye geological yenzvimbo yakave yakasimbiswa iyo kutanga kwekuumbwa kwegomo iri kwakatanga makore makumi mashanu nemashanu emakore apfuura. Panguva ino ndipo mahwendefa ese ari maviri paakatanga kurovera. Maitiro aya haasati apera nhasi. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei kune kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakawandisa munzvimbo iyi. Ichi ndicho chikonzero maHimalaya anonzi ari madiki, zvichipiwa kuti makomo aro ari kuramba achikura nanhasi. Hapana maitiro egeological anokurumidza, zvinofungidzirwa kuti ichapedza kukura mukati memamirioni makumi matanhatu emakore.

Himalaya maruva uye mhuka

Sezvambotaurwa, ino nharaunda nharaunda izere neinoshamisa misiyano yezvose zvirimwa nemhuka. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemhando dzakasiyana nemhando dzenzvimbo dzinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze ari padyo. Semuenzaniso, tinowana masango akadzikama, epasi pevhu uye epasi senge alpine landscapes. Sezvo isu tichiwedzera mukukwira tiri kutsvaga nzvimbo dzinongova nechando nechando chete.

IWorld Wide Fund yeZvisikwa (WWF) yakadzidza zvakadzama zvese zvipenyu uye yagadzira runyorwa marwo zvinoratidza kuti vanogara pamwe chete 200 mammals, anopfuura zviuru gumi zvemiti yemiti uye 10.000 mhando dzeshiri. Ichi hupfumi hunofanirwa kukosheswa, nekuti nhasi kune nzvimbo shoma dzine mhando dzakasiyana dzemiti nemhuka.

Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu rwunokubatsira iwe kuti uzive zvakawanda nezve yakakurumbira renji renji pasirese.