Nhasi tichataura nezvomuchadenga uyo ainyanya kukosha munhoroondo. Ndezve Charles Messier. Aive wechigumi pavana gumi nevaviri aive nemuchato waNicolás Messier naFrancoise B. Grandblaise. Baba vake vaive mupurisa mune hukuru hweSalm. Izvi zvakaita kuti mhuri, kunyangwe iri yakawanda, ikwanise kurarama zvakanaka. Ndiwo maitiro akazvipira kunaCharles Messier kuastronomy.
Muchikamu chino tiri kuzokuudza iyo biography yaCharles Messier kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuona izvo zvaakange aratidzira nyika yesainzi.
Kutanga
Pakati pehama gumi nembiri dzavaive, vatanhatu vavo vakafa nguva isati yakwana. Paingova nemakore gumi nerimwe chete, baba vaCharles vakafa uye vakave nherera. Mukoma ane makore makumi maviri nemana ekuberekwa anonzi Jacinto akatora chinzvimbo chemusoro wemhuri uye akatarisira nekutarisa dzidzo yemukoma wake Charles. Pakutanga, Jacinto aida kuti munin'ina wake ave saiye. Chinangwa chaive chekuti ashande mudare revakuru.
Zvisinei, Charles akawana kugona kukuru kwekudhirowa nekucherechedza. Izvi zvakamutendera kuti awane basa muna 1751 semuchadenga wemuchadenga mumauto eFrance. Mune basa iri haana kungodhirowa mepu dzedenga, asi akagadzira mamepu enzvimbo. Mamepu aya aive akarurama chaizvo panguva yavakange vari, izvo zvakaita kuti vakuru vavo vafare kwazvo. Mumwe mukadzi anonzi Delisle aive mumakore ake makumi matanhatu uye aive asina mwana. Neichi chikonzero, akagamuchira Messier kumba kwake kuRoyal College yeFrance.
Akanga achishanda mushongwe yekuongorora yeRoyal Navy, kwaaive nehofisi yake. Basa rekutanga hombe raakaita kugadzira mepu hombe yeChina. Fungidzira usina chero mhando yesatelite kana ndege kana chero chinhu chingabhururuka pamusoro kuti uone zvirinani kuti uite mepu yakakwana. Gare gare, akagadzira mimwe yemifananidzo yekufambisa kweMercury uye akatanga kuita kuverenga nekuyera kwenzvimbo chaidzo dzenyeredzi Solar system.
Aya aive mavambo eCharles Messier mune nyeredzi. Hunyanzvi hwekubata hwaaive nahwo hwezvigadzirwa zvemuchadenga uye kuona kwake kwakanaka kwakaita kuti ave mucherechedzi mukuru.
Zviitiko zveCharles Messier
Panguva iyoyo zvaitarisirwa kuti iyo Halley comet, yakaziviswa neiyo chaiyo Edmund halley. Kutenderera kwayo kwaifanirwa kupfuura padhuze nepasi zvakare uye kwaigona kuonekwa. Kutsvaga kometi iyi kwakava chimwe chezvinhu zvekutanga kune ino nyeredzi. Akazvitsaurira zvizere kwariri uye akawana makumi maviri emakometi matsva muhupenyu hwake hwese. Chekutanga pane zvese chaive muna 1758.
Messier pamwe naDelisle vakawana kometi mugore iro. Gare gare, vachiri kutsvaga boka renyeredzi reTaurusm vakaziva kuti paive nechinhu chisina kujeka chaiita senge kometi. Ipapo ndipo paitoda kumwe kucherechedzwa kuti vaone kuti chavainge vawana chaive a nebula.
Makore gare gare akazowana zvakare ma comet maviri matsva uye vakatumidzwa zita rekuti 1763 Messier uye 1764 Messier, mukuremekedza iye akafumura uye nezuva. Pasi pemirairo yakananga yaDelisle, akakwanisa kudhirowa mepu inoratidza nzira yeHalley's Comet muna 1682. Mukuru wake akanganisa kuverenga uye akapedza mwedzi gumi nemasere achitsvaga Halley's Comet pasina budiriro. Zvirinani izvi zvakamubatsira kuwana imwe nyowani nyowani.
Pakupedzisira, Charles Messier akakwanisa kuwana Halley's Comet muna Ndira 21, 1759. Yakaonekwa munzvimbo yedenga yakasiyana nekuverenga kwakapihwa naDelisle. Haana kubvumira wadhi yake kutaura nezvenyaya iyi kuitira kuti ive isina kunaka. Muna 1765 Delisle akarega basa, apo Messier akaenderera mberi nebasa rake rekucherechedza denga achitsvaga nyeredzi nyowani dzinodzungaira.
Sezvo zviridzwa zvaaishandisa zvaive zvemhando yakashata kwazvo, akaramba achitsvaga zvinhu zvisina kujairika izvo zvaakakanganisa kuti zviyemeti. Kuti arege kuvanyonganisa zvakare, akazvimisikidza muhuwandu uye akacherekedza chimiro chayo nerondedzero pfupi. Nenzira iyi, paakawana chimwe chinhu chitsva, aigona kuongorora data rakatsanangurwa kuti aone kana chatova chinhu chaakange abva nacho kare kana kwete.
Chinhu chayo chekutanga chakawanikwa muboka renyeredzi reTaurus chinonzi M1.
Zvinonyanya kukosha kuwanikwa
Mukurumbira wakapararira kunze kweFrance muna 1768. Nekuda kweizvi akagamuchirwa kuRoyal Society yeLondon. Gare gare Mambo wePrussia akapa musangano weBerlin Academy nekuda kwemepu yekutenderera kwekometi yaakange agadzira uye iyo yaakange awana. Akagadzwawo kuve nhengo yeSweden Academy muStockholm.
Akaroora Marie-Françoise de Vermauchampt ane makore makumi matatu nemanomwe aine makore makumi mana. Nehurombo, hupenyu hwake chaihwo hwakatanga kutambura kubva pakuzvarwa kwemwanakomana wake, nekuti mukadzi wake akafa nemwana achangozvarwa. MunaNovember 40 akaita tsaona yakakomba paakadonha mumakungwa echando. Kudonha uku kwakakonzera kutsemuka pagumbo rake uye ruoko, pamwe nembabvu dzinoverengeka dzakatyoka. Zvakamusiya rinenge gore rimwe chete asingakwanise kuita zvaakaona. Gare gare akatanga kudzidza kwekufambisa kweMercury pamberi pezuva re disk.
Pakupedzisira, Muna 1784, akaburitsa yake yechina uye yekupedzisira edition ye Messier catalog ine zvinhu zana zvakaonekwa. Akagamuchirawo kugadzwa kubva kuDublin Academy yeSainzi (1784), iyo Academy yeStanislav, Nancy, Lorena (1785), uye iyo Academy yeVergara, Spain (1788).
Kare muna1801 aive chikamu chepurojekiti yekupedzisira maakawana kometi yake yekupedzisira inozivikanwa sePons comet. Nekuda kwezera rake, akatoita mashoma ekucherechedza uye akafa muna 1815 weperesi infarction. Haana kugona kupora sezvo zvakamusiya akaoma mutezo uye Akashaikira kumba kwake kuParis aine makore makumi masere nemasere.
Sezvauri kuona, Charles Messier akapa zvipo zvakawanda kuastronomy uye zvinogara zvichirangarirwa. Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu runokubatsira iwe kudzidza zvakawanda nezve uyu musayendisiti nezvose zvaakaita zvaakaita. Nanhasi, ichiri kutaurwa mumisangano yakawanda yeastronomy.