Nebulae

Nhasi tinoenderera mberi nechimwe chinyorwa kubva muchikamu chino cheastronomy. Isu takaona hunhu uye kukura kweiyo Solar system uye mamwe mapuraneti akaita Marte, Jupita, Mercury, Saturn y Venus. Nhasi tinofanira kushanyira nebulae. Iwe pamwe wakambonzwa nezvavo, asi iwe hauzive chaizvo kuti chii. Mune ino posvo ticha gadzirisa nezvese zvine chekuita ne nebulae, kubva pane zvazviri, kusvika pakuumbwa kwavo uye ndeapi marudzi aripo.

Iwe unoda kudzidza zvakawanda nezve nebulae uye yedu Yemuchadenga? Iwe unongofanirwa kuramba uchiverenga 🙂

Chii chinonzi nebula?

Nebulae, sekutaurwa kwezita ravo, makore mahombe anotora maumbirwo asinganzwisisike muchadenga. Izvo zvinoumbwa nekuiswa kwemagasi, anonyanya kuve hydrogen, helium, uye guruva renyeredzi. Sezvaunoziva, mukati mePasi rese hakuna chete renyeredzi sekufungidzirwa makumi emakore apfuura, asi kune mamirioni. Gwara redu renyeredzi ndiyo Gwara Renzou uye iri padyo nemuvakidzani wedu, Andromeda.

Nebulae inogona kuwanikwa mumagaraxiya asina kujairika uye mune mamwe anoshuvira. Ivo akakosha zvakanyanya muChadenga, sezvo nyeredzi dzinozvarirwa mukati mawo kubva pakunyunguduka uye kuunganidzwa kwenyaya.

Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti, pakutanga kuona, Iwo angori makore egasi uye guruva hadzisi dzose nebulae dzakaenzana. Tevere tichaongorora mhando yega yega yebula kuti tizvizive zvakadzama.

Mhando dze nebulae

Rima nebulae

Rima nebula hachisi chinhu kunze kwegore remhepo inotonhorera uye guruva risingabudise chero mwenje unooneka. Nyeredzi dzadzinadzo dzakavanzwa, sezvo dzisingaburitse chero mhando yemwaranzi. Zvisinei, guruva rinoumbwa nemakore aya ine dhayamita ye micron imwe chete.

Kuwanda kwemakore aya kwakaita sekunge kwaive kweutsi hwefodya. Idzi tsanga diki dzezvinhu dzinonamatirana pamwechete kuti dziumbe mamorekuru akati wandei senge kabhoni, silicate, kana nhete yechando.

Kufungisisa kuratidzira nebulae

Rudzi urwu iyo yakagadzirwa nehydrogen uye guruva. Tinorangarira kuti hydrogen ndiyo chinhu chakanyanya kuwanda muchadenga. Reflection nebulae ine kugona kuratidza kunoonekwa mwenje kubva kune nyeredzi.

Iyo poda ine musiyano wekuti iri rebhuruu muvara. Iyo nebulae yakakomberedza Pleiades mienzaniso yakanaka kwazvo yerudzi urwu.

Emission nebulae

Iyi ndiyo mhando yakajairika ye nebula, anoonekwa uye anoburitsa mwenje nekuda kwesimba ravanogamuchira kubva kune nyeredzi dziri padyo. Kuti ibudise mwenje, maatomu ehydrogen anofadzwa nechiedza chine simba chinonzi ultraviolet kubva kune nyeredzi dziri padyo uye ionize. Ichi chi, Inorasikirwa nemagetsi ayo chete kuburitsa fotoni. Icho chiito ichi chinoburitsa kupenya muiyo nebula.

O nyeredzi dzinotarisisa dzinogona ionize gasi mukati memakore mazana matatu emwenje. Semuenzaniso, iyo Swan Nebula kana M350 ndiyo emission nebula yakawanikwa neChéseaux muna 17 uye yakawanikwazve naMessier muna 1746. Iyi nebula inopenya uye inopenya muvara. Inoonekwa kune rakashama ziso pane yakaderera latitudes.

Kana dzatsvuka zvinoreva kuti yakawanda yehydrogen inoiswa ionized. Iyo imba kune dzakawanda nyeredzi diki dzakazvarwa kubva kune iradiation yegesi ne nebula. Kana ikacherechedzwa mune infrared huwandu hwehuruva hunogona kucherechedzwa mukufarira kuumbwa kwenyeredzi.

Kana tikapinda mukati me nebula taigona kuona sumbu rakavhurwa rine nyeredzi dzinosvika makumi matatu dzakavharidzirwa nemweya. Iyo dhayamita inowanzo kuve yakatenderedza makore makumi mana echiedza. Huremu hwese hunoumba mumabulae erudzi urwu hunosvika mazana masere kupfuura huwandu hweZuva.

Mienzaniso yakajeka yeiyi nebula ndeye M17, iyo iyo inowanikwa makore mazana mashanu nemazana mashanu echiedza kubva kune yedu yezuva. M16 neM17 varere mune imwechete ruoko rweMirky Way (iyo Sagittarius kana Sagittarius-Carina ruoko) uye pamwe chikamu chechimwechete chakaomarara chegigantic interstellar nyaya makore.

Mapuraneti nebula

Iyi ndeimwe mhando yenebula. Izvo zvisina maturo izvo zvine chekuita nekuzvarwa kweredzi. Muchiitiko ichi tinoreva zvakasara zvenyeredzi. Mapuraneti Nebula anouya kubva pakuonekwa kwekutanga kwaive nezvinhu izvi zvinotaridzika sedenderedzwa. Kana hupenyu hwenyeredzi hwasvika kumagumo, hunopenya zvakanyanya munzvimbo ye ultraviolet yemagetsi emagetsi. Iyi radiation yeultraviolet inojekesa gasi rinodzingwa nemwaranzi yeionizing uye nekudaro iyo nebulaneti yemapuraneti inoumbwa.

Mavara ayo anogona kucherechedzwa kubva kune akasiyana maficha ari pane chaiwo chaiwo wavelength. Uye iyo maatomu ehydrogen anoburitsa mwenje mutsvuku, nepo maatomu eoksijeni achivhenekera girini.

Helix Nebula nyeredzi yepasi rose inowanzo kutorwa mifananidzo nevazivi venyeredzi veamateur nekuda kwemavara ayo akajeka uye akafanana neziso hofori. Yakawanikwa muzana ramakore gumi nemasere uye iri makore angangoita mazana matanhatu nemazana matanhatu echiedza kure muboka renyeredzi reAcarius.

Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti mapuraneti nebulae zvisaririra zvenyeredzi izvo, munguva yakapfuura, zvaive zvakafanana neSuva redu. Kana nyeredzi idzi dzikafa, dzinodzinga magasi ese ari muchadenga. Aya maratidzi anopiswa neinopisa yepakati yeakafa nyeredzi. Izvi zvinonzi chena diki. Kupenya uko kunogadzirwa kunogona kuonekwa mune ese ari maviri anooneka uye infrared wavelengths.

Kufungisisa uye kuburitsa nebulae

Hatigone kupedzisa iyi posvo tisingataure kuti kune ma nebulae anochengetedza iwo maviri maitiro akataurwa mumhando dzapfuura. Mazhinji emission nebulae anowanzoita 90% hydrogen, chasara chiri helium, oxygen, nitrogen, nezvimwe zvinhu. Kune rimwe divi, kuratidzira nebulae kunowanzo kuve bhuruu nekuti ndiro iro ruvara runopararira zviri nyore.

Sezvauri kuona, Universe yedu izere nezvinhu zvisingaite izvo zvinogona kutisiya takashama muromo. Wakamboona nebula here? Tisiyei komendi yenyu 🙂