Abantu bahlala bezama ukudala izindawo ezihlukile nezindawo ezihambayo. Kodwa-ke, imvelo iyodwa iyakwazi ukusimangaza ngamasimu futhi izenzakalo ezingakholeki. Kulokhu, sizochaza ukuthi lakhiwa kanjani ulwandle olubomvu. Igama layo kungenxa yesizathu esizosichaza kulo mbhalo nokuthi isayensi ikwazile ukusixazulula. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo bekucatshangwa ukuthi lolu lwandle lwalunezici zemilingo ngenxa yombala walo ongajwayelekile.
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi konke mayelana noLwandle Olubomvu? Qhubeka ufunde futhi uzothola.
Ulwandle olubomvu nezici zalo
Lolu lwandle olumangalisayo luse-Indian Ocean. Phakathi kwamazwekazi ase-Asia nase-Afrika siyalubona lolu lwandle, umphumela wesenzeko. Indawo ekuyo ingamakhilomitha-skwele angama-450.000. Cishe ingama-2.200 km ubude namamitha ayi-500 ukujula. Iphuzu elijule kakhulu lirekhodwe ukuthi lingaba ngamamitha angama-2130 ngaphansi kogu lolwandle.
Izinga lokushisa lolu lwandle alwehluka kakhulu uma kubhekwa izimo zemvelo. Ithathwa njengolwandle olufudumele emhlabeni ngoba amazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka-2 no-30 degrees. Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu abhaliswa ebusika kanti ehlobo afinyelela phezulu kakhulu.
Inosawoti omningi impela ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ukufudumala, izinga lokuhwamuka kwamanzi liphakeme, ukuze usawoti wandise ukugxila kwawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba inemvula encane kakhulu, ayiwavuseleli amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela yengeze usawoti nakakhulu.
Lezi zimo yizo ezenza lolu lwandle lube nezinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu zezilwane nezitshalo, kodwa lwehlukile. Lezi yizimbali nezilwane eziguqulwe ngemuva kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka ezimweni zamanje zemvelo. I-10% yazo zonke izinhlanzi emhlabeni zihlala kulolwandle futhi ngenxa yemfudumalo yamanzi, izixhobo zamakhorali zingakhula kahle. Eziningi zazo bayakwazi ukufinyelela ubude bamakhilomitha angama-2000. Imifula yamakhorali inenani eliphakeme lemvelo kuyo yonke imisebenzi enayo nezinhlobo eziphila ngayo ngenxa yazo.
Siphinde sithole ezinye izinhlobo zofudu ezifana nohlaza, i-leatherback ne-hawksbill turtles nezinye ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa.
Ukuziqeqesha
Kunososayensi abaningi abaye babuza eminyakeni edlule ukuthi lolu lwandle lwakhiwa kanjani. Umbono ophumelele kakhulu kulokhu yilokho okukhombisa ukuthi kwaqalwa eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-55 edlule ngenkathi kwenzeka ukwehlukana phakathi kwe-Afrika nenhlonhlo yase-Arabia. Lokhu kwenzeke ngokwakhiwa kwezwekazi lasePangea futhi kuchazwa ngakho izwekazi le-drift theory.
Lapho ukwehlukana kwenzeka, ukuqhekeka okwasala kugcwele amanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lwaqala kanjalo-ke lolu lwandle. Namuhla, njengoba sazi sibonga ama-plate tectonics, lokhu kwehlukaniswa kusasebenza, ngakho-ke ulwandle luyaqhubeka lukhula ngaphezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ulwandle lukhuphuka cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-12,5 ngonyaka. Lokhu kuzodala ushintsho ezimeni zoLwandle Olubomvu futhi, mhlawumbe, emva kwezigidi nezigidi zeminyaka, ungaba ulwandle. Lokhu kuphambene nalokho okuzokwenzeka ngoLwandle iMedithera, oluzogcina lunyamalale lapho kuvalwa iStrait of Gibraltar.
Kungani igama loLwandle Olubomvu
Yinto wonke umuntu afuna ukuyazi kwazise igama loLwandle Olubomvu alinikeziwe ngoba amanzi anombala obomvu weqiniso. Leli gama livela ku- ubukhona be-algae ethile ye-cyanobacterial ekhona olwandle. Kungenzeka ukuthi la ma-algae ne-cyanobacteria yiwona abhekele amagagasi abomvu avela olwandle. Amagagasi abomvu ayenzeka ngenxa yezikhukhula zonyaka ezakha eduze kobuso bolwandle. Lawa ma-algae yiwo angcolisa amanzi abomvu. Akubomvu kanjalo, kepha kubomvu. Lesi simo singabonakala nasemanzini aseCaribbean.
Kutholakale ukuthi, ngenxa yezimo zemvelo olwandle olutholakala kuzo, ukugcwala kwe-algae kukhulu impela. Kwezinye izinkathi zonyaka, ziba ngangendlela yokuthi zikwazi ukuguqula amanzi abe bomvu. Inkinga ifika lapho kunabantu abaningi kakhulu balwelwe futhi baba izimbangi. Insimu nokukhanya akwanele ukuhlinzeka ngezidingo zabo bonke ulwelwe futhi kugcina ngokufa.
Lokhu kuyingxenye yemijikelezo yezinto eziphilayo zohlobo ngalunye futhi, kulokhu, ukugxila kolwelwe kuyanda noma kwehle njengoba izinkathi ziqhubeka. Ezikhathini lapho ukuminyana kwe-algae kungaphansi, umbala awubomvu kepha nsundu. Abakholelwa kakhulu yilabo abacabanga ukuthi uLwandle Olubomvu luvele endabeni kaMose. Ngenkathi amanzi ehlukana ukuze akhulule abantu bakhe futhi ashushiswe abaseGibhithe, lawo manzi angcoliswa igazi labo.
Ukubonakaliswa kwesibhakabhaka
Omunye umbono ngemvelaphi yalombala ongajwayelekile wamanzi yilowo othi ubangelwa yisibhakabhaka. Amawa ezintaba eziseduze noLwandle Olubomvu abomvu futhi okungabonakala emanzini akuyona nje into ebonakalisa isibhakabhaka nezintaba ezizungezile. Le hypothesis izoyichaza kahle le nto njengoba iNtaba iSinayi iseduze noLwandle Olubomvu futhi ibomvu ngombala ngenxa yamaminerali ayo ensimbi. Lezi zintaba zibizwa nangokuthi izintaba zeruby.
Ekuseni ekuseni isigameko semisebe yelanga ezintabeni senza umbala obomvu ubonakale emanzini. Kungaba incazelo ngakho. Kodwa-ke, kukhona nalabo abacabanga ukuthi imisebe ethambekele efinyelela kithi kusukela ntambama ingachaza umbala osemanzini.
Ngokwami, ngicabanga ukuthi umbono we-cyanobacteria ne-algae yiwona okhonjiswe kakhulu, ngoba igazi elincibilikisiwe labaseGibhithe belingeke lihlale likhona njalo emanzini njengoba lizohwamuka ngokuhamba kweminyaka futhi ukubonakaliswa kwezintaba nezulu kungancika wamahora osuku. ULwandle Olubomvu luhlale luthambile ngendlela efanayo, luyehluka kuphela ngesikhathi sonyaka, oluhambisana nalo umbono we-cyanobacteria ne-algae ebomvu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngalolu lwandle olunelukuluku lokwazi.