Esinye sezikali ze isikhathi sokuma komhlaba ezakha i I-Precambrian yiyona I-Proterozoic. Kuyi-Aeon eyaqala cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-2500 edlule futhi yaqhubeka kwaze kwaba yiminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-542 edlule. Ngalesi sikhathi kube nezinguquko ezinkulu ezihamba phambili emhlabeni, phakathi kwazo sibala ukuvela kwezinto zokuqala ze-photosynthetic nokwanda komoya-mpilo emkhathini. Lokho kusho ukuthi, phakathi nale-Eon iplanethi yethu yadlulisa indawo okungahlalwa kuyo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, i-geology, isimo sezulu, izitshalo nezilwane ze-Proterozoic Aeon.
Izici eziyinhloko
Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko ezivelele ku-Proterozoic esizitholayo ukuba khona kwama-cratons emhlabeni wethu. Lawa ma-craton ayilutho ngaphandle kwezakhi lapho amazwekazi ayekhona. Lokho wukuthi, ama-craton kwakuyizakhiwo zokuqala lapho kwakungakhiwa futhi kwakhiwe amashalofu ezwekazi. Lawa ma-craton akhiwe ngamatshe asendulo. Endulo lamadwala asukela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-570 kuya eminyakeni engu-3.5 giga.
Isici esiyinhloko amakhratoni anaso yilokho abahlushwa yiluphi uhlobo lokwephuka kokwakheka eminyakeni edlule. Lezi yizindawo ezizinzile kakhulu koqweqwe lomhlaba wonke. Futhi siyabona ukuthi ngesikhathi se-Proterozoic stromatolites kwavela. Ziyizakhiwo ezakhiwe ngama-microorganisms kanye ne-calcium carbonate. Lezi stromatolites sezifundwe ososayensi isikhathi eside futhi kutholakale ukuthi azina-cyanobacteria kuphela kepha kukhona nezinto ezifana nesikhunta, izinambuzane, ulwelwe olubomvu, njll.
Lawa ma-stromatolites akha amarekhodi okwakheka komhlaba abaluleke kakhulu ekutadisheni impilo emhlabeni. Esinye isici iProterozoic evelele ngaso ukwanda kokuhlushwa komoya-mpilo emkhathini. Ngenxa yalokhu kwanda komoya-mpilo emkhathini, kungenzeka umsebenzi omkhulu wezinto eziphilayo. I-oxygen yasemkhathini ayifikanga ezingeni elibalulekile kepha isasiza ukuthuthukisa ukwehluka kwezinto eziphilayo.
Kube nomcimbi omkhulu noma owodwa obaluleke kakhulu nokubaluleka okubandakanya uchungechunge lwemicimbi ehlobene nalokhu kwanda komoya-mpilo womkhathi. Futhi ukuthi inani lomoya-mpilo lidlule inani eliphakeme kakhulu lapho ukusabela kwamakhemikhali bekwazi ukumunca. Izinto eziphilayo ze-Anaerobic zithinteke ngqo futhi abantu bazo baqala ukwehla.. Lezi zidalwa zazibizwa ngokuthi ama-methanogens, ngoba ukudla kwazo kwakunguMethane. Lokhu kunyamalala kwe-methane kube nemiphumela ezingeni lesimo sezulu elenze ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomhlaba lehle kakhulu.
I-Proterozoic Geology
Imininingwane emincane iyatholakala mayelana nale-Eon, kepha kuyaziwa ukuthi ushintsho olukhulu belusezingeni lama-plate tectonics. Ngaleso sikhathi iplanethi yethu yajikeleza ngokushesha okukhulu ku-eksisi yayo kunanamuhla. Lokhu kwenze usuku emhlabeni lwaba ngamahora angama-20 kuphela. Ngokuphambene nalokho, inhlangano yokuhumusha yayihamba ngesivinini esincane kunangesikhathi samanje. Ngakho-ke, unyaka ogcwele wawuyizinsuku ezingama-450.
Imininingwane enhle itholakele emadwaleni avela ku-Proterozoic. Lawa matshe akhubazekile ngomphumela wokuguguleka komhlaba, yize amanye engatakulwa kungabi khona noshintsho.
Izimbali nezilwane zeProterozoic
Ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi lapho izinhlobo zokuqala zempilo ephilayo zaqala ukukhula kancane ngemuva kokubonakala kwazo ngesikhathi se- Okudala. Kwakungenxa yenguquko eyenzeka emkhathini lapho izinto eziphilayo zikwazile ukwehluka futhi zasakazeka endaweni. Imvelo uqobo lwayo yaqala ukwenziwa kwavela izimbali nezilwane kohlelo ngalunye lwemvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuzoba lapho isilwane noma isitshalo kufanele sivumelane nezimo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo.
Izinto eziphilayo ze-Prokaryotic zaqala ukukhula ngesikhathi se-Archaic, kepha athuthuka ngokuqhubekayo ngesikhathi seProterozoic. Phakathi kwalezi zinto eziphilayo ze-prokaryotic sithola i-algae eluhlaza eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cyanobacteria kanye nama-bacteria jikelele uqobo.
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwalesi sikhathi se-Eon siyabona ukuthi kwavela izidalwa zokuqala ze-eukaryotic esevele zine-nucleus echaziwe. Ubulembu bokuqala obuluhlaza bekilasi lamaChlorophytas nobulembu obubomvu besigaba samaRodhophytas baba ngabokuqala ukuvela. Womabili la makilasi algae angama-multicellular kanye ne-photosynthetic. Ngokwenza i-photosynthesis, baba nomthelela ekuxoshelweni komoya-mpilo emkhathini.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi zonke izinto eziphilayo ezahlala ngesikhathi se-Proterozoic Eon bakwenza ezindaweni ezinamanzi. Futhi ukuthi ulwandle kulapho kwatholakala khona izimo eziphansi ezazidingeka ukuze kusinde.
Ngokuphathelene nezilwane, singasho ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi sesikhashana ezinye izinto eziphilayo namuhla ezibhekwa njengokuguquka okuncane zatholwa, njengezipanji. Kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale izinsalela zezilwane eziseqenjini elibanzi ezikuzo i-jellyfish, amakhorali, ama-polyp kanye nama-anemones. Isici esiyinhloko salawa maqembu ezilwane ukuthi anokulinganisa okuningana.
Impela uzwile ngoJehova Izilwane ze-Ediacara. Lokhu ukutholakala kwezinsalela zamandulo ezazimele izidalwa zokuqala ezaziwayo kule planethi. Izinsalela zezipanji nama-anemone kanye nezinye izinhlobo zabonwa ukuthi zisadida izazi ze-paleontologists.
Isimo sezulu
Ekuqaleni kweProterozoic isimo sezulu sasizinzile impela. Umkhathi uhlose inani elikhulu lamagesi abamba ukushisa, lapho igesi yemethane ivelele khona. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwe-cyanobacteria kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto eziphilayo ze-photosynthetic, babangela ukukhishwa okukhulu komoya-mpilo womkhathi. Lokhu kudale ukuthi kwehliswe igesi yemethane emkhathini ngokufa kwezinto eziphilayo ze-anaerobic. Ukwehlisa inani lamagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini, kwagcinwa inani elincane lemisebe yelanga, ngakho amazinga okushisa omhlaba ancipha.
Ngesikhathi seProterozoic kwakukhona izinguzunga ezimbalwa. Okubi kakhulu kwakuyinkathi yeqhwa laseHuronia. Le glaciation yenzeka eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-2.000 XNUMX edlule futhi yaholela ekunyamalaleni kwezidalwa eziphilayo ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi.
I-Proterozoic Aeon ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezikhathi ze-3: KwakunguPaleoproterozoic, kwakunguMesoproterozoic, futhi kwakuyiNeoproterozoic.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngeProterozoic.