Isithombe lapho kuhlukaniswa khona izindawo ezahlukahlukene zezulu, kumhlophe kuyindawo eneqhwa, kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka indawo engaphansi komhlaba, i-lilac indawo ye-tundra, iluhlaza indawo epholile, kuphuzi indawo engaphansi komhlaba, futhi kupinki indawo eshisayo.
Sinenhlanhla ukuhlala emhlabeni lapho kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zokuphila. Izilwane nezitshalo ezihlala ngendlela engcono kakhulu: ukugcwalisana, ukusizana - yize cishe kungazi - ukuze wonke umuntu, njengohlobo oluthile, aqhubeke nokuphila.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kangaka sibangelwa yiplanethi uqobo. Njengoba yenziwe njenge-geoid, imisebe yelanga ayifinyeleli kuwo wonke umhlaba ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke amasu okuzivumelanisa nezimo ahlukile kumuntu ngamunye ophilayo. Kungani? Kungani Izindawo zesimo sezulu eMhlabeni zinezici zazo.
Umthelela wemisebe yelanga eMhlabeni
Ngaphambi kokudlulela esihlokweni esiseduze, ake siqale ngokuchaza ukuthi imisebe yelanga inomthelela muni kwiplanethi yethu, nokuthi ifika kanjani.
Ukunyakaza komhlaba
Umhlaba uyiplanethi enamadwala okungukuthi, njengoba sazi, ekuhambeni okungaguquki. Kepha akuhlali kufana, empeleni, kunezinhlobo ezine ezikhonjwayo:
Ukujikeleza
Nsuku zonke (noma, ukunemba kakhudlwana, njalo ngamahora angama-23 nemizuzu engama-56) uMhlaba uzungeza kwi-eksisi yawo, ohlangothini lwaseNtshonalanga-Mpumalanga. Yiso esimqaphela kakhulu, ngoba umehluko wosuku nobusuku mkhulu kakhulu.
Ukuhumusha
Njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-365, amahora ama-5 nemizuzu engama-57, iplanethi izungeza iLanga kanye. Kodwa-ke, phakathi naleso sikhathi kunezinsuku ezine ezizobe zikhetheke kakhulu:
- Mashi 21st: yi-equinox yasentwasahlobo enyakatho yenkabazwe, ne-equinox yasekwindla eningizimu yezwe.
- I-22 kaJuni: Kuyi-solstice yasehlobo enyakatho Nenkabazwe, kanye ne-solstice yasebusika eningizimu yezwe. Namuhla uMhlaba uzofinyelela ibanga lawo eliphezulu ukusuka elangeni, yingakho waziwa ngokuthi i-aphelion.
- Septemba 23: yi-equinox yasekwindla engxenyeni esenyakatho, kanye ne-equinox yasentwasahlobo enkabazwe eseningizimu.
- Disemba 22th: Kuyi-solstice yasebusika enyakatho nenkabazwe, kanye ne-solstice yasehlobo eningizimu yezwe. Namuhla uMhlaba uzofika ebangeni elisondele kakhulu enkanyezini yenkosi, yingakho waziwa njenge-perihelion.
Ukulungiselela
Iplanethi esiphila kuyo iyi-ellipsoid enesimo esingajwayelekile esikhubazekile ngokuheha kwenkosi yenkanyezi, inyanga futhi, yize noma kungaphansi, kwamaplanethi. Lokhu kubangela inyakazisa ku-eksisi yayo kancane, cishe ngokungabonakali, ngesikhathi sokuhumusha okubizwa »ukwandulela kwama-equinox». Ngenxa yazo, isikhundla sesigxobo sasezulwini siyashintsha phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.
Umsoco
Kungukunyakaza emuva naphambili kwe-eksisi yoMhlaba. Njengoba kungeyona eyindilinga, ukukhanga kweNyanga esikhungweni se-equatorial kubangela lokhu kuhamba.
Imisebe yelanga ifinyelela kanjani eMhlabeni?
Njengoba iplanethi icishe ibe yindilinga futhi ibhekisisa ukunyakaza kwayo ezinsukwini nasezinyangeni zonke, imisebe yelanga ayifinyeleli kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba ngamandla afanayo. Eqinisweni, ukuqhubeka kwendawo kuvela enkosini yenkanyezi, futhi lapho usondelene kakhulu nezigxobo zomhlaba, imisebe iyoba namandla kakhulu. Ngokuya ngalo, izindawo ezahlukahlukene zezulu seziqaliwe.
Izindawo zesimo sezulu
Isimo sezulu sinqunywa ngamapharamitha wesimo sezulu njengokushisa, umswakama, ingcindezi, umoya nemvula. Uma sibheka kuphela izinga lokushisa, izindawo ezichaziwe zitholakala ngokuya ngezinhlelo ezahlukanisayo zokuhlukanisa. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lweKöppen kunezindawo eziyisithupha zesimo sezulu ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa enkathi ngayinye:
Indawo eshisayo
Lezi zindawo zine- Isimo sezulu esishisayo, etholakala endaweni yezindawo ezisatshalalisayo kusuka ebangeni elingasenyakatho elingu-25 to kuya kwelingu-25º eningizimu. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lihlale lingaphezu kuka-18ºC. Lokhu akusho ukuthi amakhaza awanakwenzeka, ngoba avela ezintabeni eziphakeme futhi kwesinye isikhathi emahlane; nokho, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme liphezulu.
Lesi simo sezulu Kungenxa ye-engeli yesimo semisebe yelanga eyenzeka kulezi zifunda. Bafika cishe ngokunqamulelayo, okudala ukuthi izinga lokushisa liphakeme futhi ukwahluka kokushintshwa nakho kuphezulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuthiwe i-equator yilapho imimoya ebandayo evela engxenyeni eyodwa ihlangana nemimoya efudumele evela kolunye, okhiqiza isimo sengcindezi ephansi njalo ebizwa nge-intertropical convergence zone, ukuze imvula njalo njalo konyaka.
Indawo engaphansi komhlaba
I-Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain)
Lezi zindawo zinesimo sezulu esishisayo, esitholakala ezindaweni eziseduze neTropics of Cancer neCapricorn, ezindaweni ezinjengeNew Orleans, Hong Kong, Seville, Sao Paulo, Montevideo, noma eCanary Islands (Spain).
Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka alihli ngaphansi kuka-18ºC, kanti izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lenyanga ebanda kakhulu yonyaka liphakathi kuka-18 no-6ºC. Amanye amakhaza angenzeka, kepha lokhu akujwayelekile.
Indawo epholile
UPuig Major, eMallorca.
Le ndawo inesimo sezulu esipholile, esitholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme lapho amazinga okushisa epholile kunezindawo eziphansi kububanzi obufanayo. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lingaphezu kuka-10ºC ezinyangeni ezifudumele, futhi phakathi kuka -3º no-18ºC ezinyangeni ezibandayo.
Kunezinkathi ezine ezichazwe kahle: intwasahlobo enamazinga okushisa anyuka njengoba izinsuku zihamba, ihlobo elinamazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu, ekwindla ngamazinga okushisa ancipha njengoba izinsuku zihamba, nobusika lapho iqhwa lingaba khona.
Indawo engaphansi komhlaba
eSiberia
Le ndawo inesimo sezulu esingaphansi komhlaba, esaziwa njenge-subarctic noma i-subpolar. Kutholakala phakathi kuka-50º no-70º latitude, njengaseSiberia eningi, enyakatho yeChina, engxenyeni enkulu yeCanada, noma engxenyeni enkulu yeHokkaido (Japan).
Amazinga okushisa angahle afike ku -40ºC kanti ehlobo, okuyinkathi ethatha izinyanga ezi-1 kuye kwezi-3, idlule ku-30ºC.. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lingu-10ºC.
Indawo yeTundra
Ibhere elimhlophe e-Alaska.
Le ndawo inesimo sezulu se-tundra noma i-alpine sezulu. Itholakala eSiberia, e-Alaska, enyakatho yeCanada, eningizimu yeGreenland, ogwini lwase-Arctic lwaseYurophu, eningizimu yeChile nase-Argentina, nakwezinye izindawo ezisenyakatho ye-Antarctica.
Uma sikhuluma ngamazinga okushisa, isilinganiso esiphansi sasebusika ngu -15ºC, futhi ngesikhathi sasehlobo esifushane singahluka kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-15ºC.
Indawo ebandayo
I-Arctic
Le ndawo ine- Isimo sezulu seqhwa, futhi zitholakala e-Arctic nase-Antarctica. Isimo sezulu kulezi zindawo sibanda kakhulu, ikakhulukazi e-Antarctica lapho kubhalwe khona izinga lokushisa elingu -93,2ºC ngoba imisebe yelanga ifika ngamandla amancane kakhulu.
Futhi ngalokhu siyaphela. Sithemba ukuthi kube nentshisekelo kuwe. 🙂