Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye seziqongo ezisendaweni eyodwa yezimpawu zePicos de Europa National Park. Imayelana noPico Urriello, owaziwa kangcono ngegama le- UNaranjo de Bulnes. Ingenye yeziqongo ezidume kakhulu kuleli paki likazwelonke futhi itholakala enkabeni ye-massif. Inokuphakama kwamamitha angama-2518 futhi yakhuphuka okokuqala ngo-1904. Kusukela lapho, lezi ziqongo zaba enye yezinyathelo ezibalulekile ekuqaleni kokukhuphuka izintaba kwaseSpain.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, i-geology kanye nokufuna ukwazi kweNaranjo de Bulnes.
Izici eziyinhloko
Yisithangami esakhiwa yi-monolith enamakhasi amaningi eyakhelwa ingxenye enkulu ngamatshe amatshe amhlophe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lawa matshe ayemakhulu futhi enziwe ngamagciwane amancane. Lezi zinto zisuselwa kupulatifomu enkulu enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-carbonate asolwandle futhi yathuthukiswa ngesikhathi se- Isikhathi se-carboniferous. Ukukhuphuka nokuwa izinga lolwandle elathola kulo ngesikhathi seCarboniferous kubangele ukucwiliswa kwengxenye ephezulu yesikhulumi nezinqubo zekarst ezithuthukisiwe.
Ekusizakalweni kwekarst, izimbotshana zivela ngenxa yenqubo ye-karstification futhi zigcwaliswa ngezinto ezivela ku- Isikhathi sePermian. Lezi zinto zibonakala njengoba zinezikhala ezibomvu kanye nobumba. Isici esiyinhloko seNaranjo de Bulnes ukuthi ine-morphology yayo njengomsuka odalwe ngokuyisisekelo kusuka ekumodeleni kwe-glacial. Ukumodeliswa kweqhwa kunakekele isici esijwayelekile esasithathwa yi-geology yethrafikhi kuyo yonke le glaciation. Yonke indawo yePicos de Europa ihlupheke ngesikhathi se- i-quaternary Epoch, Isilinganiso sokugcina seqhwa esenzeka cishe eminyakeni engama-38.000 edlule.
Kuze kube yisikhathi lapho amaqhwa aqala ukuvela khona, ingxenye ephezulu yesithabazi esiphakathi yayimbozwe isicaba sentaba. Isiqongo sakhiwa indawo enamadwala ezungezwe ngokuphelele ama-yeros okwakungezilimi ezimbili zeqhwa. Inodonga olupholishiwe futhi ayinayo imiphetho. Lezi yizici ezahlukahlukene ezibonisa isenzo esihluphayo sezilimi zeqhwa ezindongeni zeNaranjo de Bulnes. Ukumodeliswa kwe-Glacier kunezici ezihlukile ezivumela izazi ze-geologists ukuthi zikhombe ukwakheka kwazo.
Intshisekelo yezemvelo namasiko kaNaranjo de Bulnes
Njengoba bekulindelekile, isiqongo esinezici lezi, umphumela wenqubo yeqhwa futhi esidume ngokuba yingqophamlando ekukhuphukeni kwezintaba zaseSpain, sinentshisekelo enkulu yokwakheka komhlaba, amasiko nezenhlalo. Uma siya entshisakalweni yokwakheka komhlaba iNaranjo de Bulnes engaba nayo, siyabona ukuthi iyi-geomorphological. I-geomorphology yalesi siqongo iyisibonelo esihle se-nunatak. I-nunatak wuhlobo lwendawo enamadwala eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwekhaphethi lentaba. Lesi siqongo sentaba sibonakala kakhulu ngokwethula izindonga ezipholishiwe kakhulu ngenxa yesenzo seqhwa leqhwa.
Imijikelezo yokubamba iqhwa ibangela ukuhuzuka emadwaleni. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuqhwa okuningana kwenzekile kuleli qophelo, ukuhuzuka kweqhwa sekucwebezele wonke amadwala kuze kuguquke i-morphology yawo. Le morphology isici se-glacier elinganiselayo futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, isebenza njengobufakazi obukhona ukuze ikwazi ukuhumusha ukuvela kwamandla e-glacial eQuaternary.
Futhi inezinye izinto ezingezona ezomhlaba ezifana nomlando namasiko. Ngokombono wamasiko nezenhlalo, kungashiwo ukuthi inezici ezinhle zokuba indawo enhle. Kubhekwa njengesinye sezici eziyizifanekiselo futhi ezaziwa kakhulu ePicos de Europa National Park. Kumele futhi sengeze isici somlando kusukela phezulu kwenyukwa okokuqala ngo-1904 nguPedro Pidal noGregorio Pérez. Laba bobabili abagibeli bezintaba yibona ababeka izisekelo zokuqwala izintaba zaseSpain.
Ungafika kanjani esisekelweni seNaranjo de Bulnes
Kunezindlela eziningi zokufika endaweni yaseVega de Urriellu. Mhlawumbe okulula kunazo zonke kuzoba ukushiya imoto edolobheni laseSotres. Ukusuka lapho, singahamba ngomkhondo okhona bese siqonda kwabasebusika baseCabao. Kamuva sizowela umfula iDuje futhi uma sisuka lapho singakhuphukela ePandébano pass lapho ithrekhi iphela khona bese kuqala indlela.
Ukusuka lapha singabona i-Urriellu futhi uma ulandela indlela uzofika edolobheni laseBulnes. Kukhona nezinye izindlela kepha ziyinkimbinkimbi ngandlela thile.
Yize kungesona isiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke ezintabeni zaseCantabrian, Inokuphakama kwamamitha angu-2.519 futhi kubhekwa njengenye yezintaba ezaziwa kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi okwenza isiqongo sidume ngamamitha angu-550 odonga oluqondile mpo ebusweni basentshonalanga. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, imvelaphi yalolu donga yenzeka ngemvelaphi yeqhwa yaseQuaternary kanye nokuhuzuka kweqhwa nokuncibilika.
Izintaba ezidume kakhulu
Ngemuva kokukhuphuka kokuqala ngo-1904, kuye kwalandela amanye. Ukukhuphuka kwesibili kwenzeka ngonyaka we-1906 futhi kwenziwa nguDkt Gustav Shulze kwezomhlaba nokwazi intaba yaseGerman. Wakwenzela nobuso basenyakatho futhi wakwenza yedwa. Wayengumqali wezintaba wokuqala ukusebenzisa izikhonkwane ukuze akwazi ukukhumbula phansi ubuso baseningizimu. Lesi sazi sokuma komhlaba sichaze umqansa njengofushane futhi onzima.
Ngo-1924 umqobi wezintaba ogama lakhe linguVíctor Martínez Campillo wakwazi ukuvula umzila omusha, olula otholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lobuso baseningizimu. Kusukela lapho yaziwa njenge-Vía Víctor. Okunye ukukhuphuka kokugcina kwenzeka ngo-1973 futhi kwalandelwa kabanzi ngabezindaba. Okuthokozisayo ngalokhu kukhuphuka ukuthi bekubusika futhi bekuthathe izimpilo ezimbalwa futhi kwatakulwa izinto eziningi ezimangazayo.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, iNaranjo de Bulnes ingenye yeziqongo ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezidume kakhulu eSpain. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngalo.