Omunye wemifula ebaluleke kunazo zonke e-United States yi UMfula iMississippi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngomunye wemifula emide kunazo zonke eNyakatho Melika, ehlanganisa cishe uhhafu wezwe. Lo mfula ubambe iqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni isiko nomphakathi kulezi zindawo. Ngokubambisana noMfula iMissouri, bakha olunye lwezinhlelo zomfula ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ngalesi sizathu, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela zonke izici, ukwakheka komhlaba, ukwakheka, izitshalo nezilwane zoMfula iMississippi.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lo mfula utholakala empumalanga yezwekazi laseMelika. Umthombo wayo omkhulu yiLake Itasca, etholakala eMinnesota. Kuwo wonke uhambo lwayo lidlula ezintabeni ezaziwa kakhulu njenge Izintaba Ezinamadwala futhi i Izintaba ze-Appalachian. Kukho konke ukuvakasha, idlula kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo zemvelo nezasemadolobheni ize iphele eGulf of Mexico. Umlomo walo mfula ungudedela olubanzi.
Ubude obuphelele boMfula iMississippi cishe bangamakhilomitha angama-3734. Lesi silinganiso asiqondile ngokuphelele njengoba isiteshi nomlomo womzimba wamanzi kuguqulwe kaningana. Imbangela enkulu yalezi zinguquko esiteshini ukuthi inhlabathi namadiphozi kasilika ayanda, okwenza ukugeleza kwamanzi kuvinjwe njalo. Futhi ukuthi ukudilika komhlaba kuyingxenye yenqubo yokuhambisa izinto ezivela emfuleni. Uma izinto okwenziwe ngazo insimu zithambekele ekubeni nenqwaba yodaka nodoti, kungenzeka ukuthi ukugeleza kwamanzi emzimbeni womfula kuyohlala kumile ngezikhathi eziningi.
UMfula iMississippi uhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ngakolunye uhlangothi, SineMississippi engenhla kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi sineMississippi engezansi. Isigaba sokuqala salo mfula siqala kusukela lapho sitholakala eLake Itasca kuye ekuweleni kwamanzi amaningi noMfula iMissouri. Lo mfula uwumfula omkhulu okhulisa kakhulu ukugeleza kwalo mzimba wamanzi. Ingxenye yesibili yoMfula iMississippi isivele iqala uma isihlangana noMfula i-Ohio kuze kube ngumlomo wayo wokugcina.
Indlela nokugeleza
Endleleni yayo inobubanzi obuhlukahlukene. Engxenyeni yokuqala yesigaba esiseduze nemvelaphi, kanye neLake Itasca, ububanzi obuphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayisi-6 kuya kwayi-9.1 kuvame ukurekhodwa. Uma idlula ngaseLake Winnibigoshish siyabona ukuthi iphakeme ngamakhilomitha ayi-11. Ibuye ibe nezigaba lapho inokujula okukhulu kwazise ithwala ukugeleza okukhulu. Ezindaweni eziseduze neNew Orleans ifinyelela ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-61.
Konke lokhu kugeleza okukhulu kusho ukuthi bahlala kwi-akhawunti engaba amakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezi-3. Lokhu kumele phakathi kuka-40 no-41% wezwekazi lonke lase-United States. Kokubili umzila nobude benza umfula ugijime ezifundazweni ezingama-31 nasezifundazweni ezimbili zaseCanada. Ijubane lokugeleza kwamanzi ekhanda lingaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwe-2 km / h. Ezinye izigaba zinazo ngejubane eliphakeme lapho kutholwa khona isivinini esifinyelela kumakhilomitha ama-2 ngehora. Ngobukhulu nobungako bokugeleza, uMfula iMississippi uthathwa ngokuthi unesiGodi esinosayizi obekwe endaweni yesine emhlabeni.
I-Mississippi River Origin Formation
Kucatshangwa ukuthi umsuka walo mfula ngokwengxenye wawubangelwa iqhwa elakhiwa ngenkathi izwekazi elikhulu elibizwa ngokuthi yiLaurentia likhona. Ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kubuyele ezikhathini eziseduze ne- Ice Age. Ngenkathi iqhwa lincibilika, inani elikhulu lazo zonke izidalwa zafakwa phansi. Lezi zidalwa zaziguqula isimo sendawo size sifike lapho kwakhiwa khona isigodi esiyisicaba. Imvamisa yonke imifula yenziwa njengesigodi i-V ngenkathi izinguzunga zeqhwa zakhiwe njengesigodi u-U. Lokhu kungenxa yejubane amanzi azobhoboza ngalo umhlaba futhi awunike ukwakheka.
I-Mississippi engenhla kucatshangwa ukuthi yasungulwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi seqhwa laseWisconsin. Kungenzeka ukuthi lo mfula ngumfula owenziwe ngemuva kokuqothuka okwakhiwa esiteji cishe ngonyaka ka-800 BC
Izimbali nezilwane zoMfula iMississippi
Ngokuwela izifundazwe eziningi kangaka nokuba nezinto ezibonakalayo ezicebile ngosilika nobumba kunothile kakhulu kwizitshalo nezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba nesimo sezulu esiswakeme nesisendaweni eshisayo kuhle ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nezitshalo. Kokubili inkambo yomfula kanye nomcengezi uwonke uthokozela kakhulu ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo.
Phakathi kwezilwane ezigqame eMfuleni iMississippi sinezinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- Louisiana ibhere elimnyama
- Ingwenya yaseMelika
- Ufudu oluphuzi lwemephu
- Ufudu lwemephu oluboshiwe
- I-Notropis rafinesquei
- I-Notropis roseipinnis
- Izinhlanzi zokudansa ezaziwa ngokuthi yi-Notorus hildebrandis.
- I-sturgeon echibini
- Izinhlanzi ze-Amiiform
- U-Amia calva
Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo ezisohlwini zikhona. Lokho okungukuthi, yizinhlobo ezihlukile zoMfula iMississippi ngoba zitholakala kuphela kulesi simiso semvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kohlobo olubiziwe kunezinhlobo ezingama-63 zezimbaza nezinhlobo ezingama-57 zenkalankala. Inezinhlobo ezi-5 ze-lamprey ezindaweni lapho kunokujula kwamanzi okuningi.
Ngokuphathelene nezimbali, isitsha sonke sinezinhlobo eziningi, ezinye zikhona kanti ezinye azinjalo. Uhlu lwaziwa kakhulu:
- I-Carex vulpinoidea
- I-Carex stipata
- Iphelelwa amandla yi-capensis
- UCaltha palustris
Kukhona okunye okuningi, kuphela lokhu okuchichima kakhulu nokwaziwayo.
Ukubaluleka kwezomnotho nezinsongo
Njengoba kulindelekile, umfula ocebile ngokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezakhi zokwakheka komhlaba ubaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho emazweni lapho ugelezela khona. Kunezimboni eziningana nezolimo ezincike emfuleni iMississippi. Iphinde isetshenziswe njengomgwaqo wamanzi ukusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye nokusungula amabhizinisi. Kusukela kwafika amakoloni, umfula waba yindlela ebalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukuthumela amalahle, uwoyela, insimbi kanye neminye imikhiqizo yezolimo.
Emuva ngawo-1820 kulapho ama-steamboats ayengomunye wezokuthutha ezazisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhamba kulo mfula. Isikhathi esiphakathi kuka-1830 no-1950 kwakuyisikhathi segolide sale mikhumbi. Phakathi kweminye imikhiqizo yezentengiso ethuthwe ngenxa yalo mfula sithola ukotini.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngoMfula iMississippi.