Kokuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini besisihlaziya Izintaba ze-Appalachian y amaHimalaya. Lezi zakhiwo zokwakheka komhlaba zehlukile futhi zikhethekile emhlabeni jikelele. Namuhla siyaqhubeka nokuhambela lezi zintaba eziphuphile, ezicebile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nesibonakaliso sokuthi iplanethi yethu isaphila. Ake sixoxe ngakho Izintaba Ezinamadwala. Ingenye yezintaba ezibaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke elaseMelika. Itholakala phakathi kweCanada ne-United States futhi ithathwa njengomgogodla waseNyakatho Melika.
Uma ufuna ukwazi konke ukubaluleka kwamaRocky Mountains, lokhu okuthunyelwe kwakho.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo okukhulu kwemvelo nokuba khona kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, isihloko seNational Park sakhiwa kule ndawo ngo-1915. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kamuva ngo-1984, I-UNESCO yamemezela njengendawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba. Futhi ukuthi kulezi zintaba kunezimfihlo eziningi zemvelo ezigcinwe ngokwakhiwa kweplanethi yethu njengoba sazi namhlanje futhi kuyindawo yokuhlala izinkulungwane zezinhlobo.
Inobude obukhulu cishe bamakhilomitha angama-4800, cishe. Ububanzi bayo buphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayi-110 kanye nama-440 engxenyeni enkulu yayo. Indawo isuka enyakatho ye-Alberta naseBritish Columbia (zombili eziseCanada) iye eningizimu yeNew Mexico. Idlula eThafeni Elikhulu empumalanga futhi idabule amabhasi namathafa asentshonalanga.
Yakhiwe ngezintaba eziningana zezintaba, ngakho ibanzi impela futhi kufanele ukutadishwe. Kunezintaba ezifana neKhabinethi neSalish ephawulekayo. Ukuqanjwa njengendawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba, imisebenzi eminingi yezomnotho ayivunyelwe. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukugcina imvelo iphilile.
Izintaba zeRocky zigada phakathi kwezigaba zazo njengenye yeziqongo ezinkulu kunazo zonke eNyakatho Melika. Lena yiNtaba i-Elbert. Inokuphakama kwamamitha angu-4.401. Iziqongo ezisasele engxenyeni esenyakatho zigcina izinguzunga zeqhwa eziningi ezisekhona kusukela ekugcineni i-glaciation. La maqhwa aqukethe imininingwane ebalulekile ngesimo sezulu ososayensi okufanele bayihlaziye ngokugcwele. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe lawa ma-ice sheet aqhubekayo akhiwe eminyakeni edlule ukuthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokwedlule kwethu kokuma komhlaba.
Izingxenye ezithakazelisayo
Engxenyeni esenyakatho yamaRockies ungathokozela ubuhle obuhle bezigodi eziwumngcingo nezijulile ezakhiwe ngaphezu kwezigidi zeminyaka ngesenzo seqhwa. Ukuqhwa okuqhubekayo nokuncibilika kukhiqiza imisinga yemifula ebumba indawo futhi yakha izigodi esingazazisa namhlanje. Iqiniso ukuthi kuyigugu ukukwazi ukubona indawo yemvelo eyakhiwa kudala kakhulu nokuthi yimvelo kuphela engenelele ekwakhiweni kwayo.
Phakathi kwezingxenye ezithakazelisa kakhulu ukuzibona kumaRockies sithola eminye yemifula ebaluleke kakhulu etholakala kuyo yonke iNyakatho Melika. Phakathi kwazo sihlangana noMfula iColorado, iColumbia neBravo. Le mifula yamanzi acwebile yondliwa ngamanzi akhiqizwa ngokuqhubekayo ezinqubweni zokubanda nokuncibilika okukhulunywe ngenhla. Lokhu kusikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa ezinjengalezi lapho kubhekene nokwenyuka kwamazinga olwandle kanye nezinhlekelele ezingadaleka kulokhu.
Kulesi sakhiwo semvelo asikwazi ukubona izintaba kuphela, kepha namanye amadwala akhiwe ngenxa yezinqubo ze-glacial, zangaphandle ze-geological kanye ne-meteorological. Isenzo esiqhubekayo semvula, umoya, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukubanda nokuncibilika, njll. Zakha ukubukeka komhlaba eminyakeni edlule futhi ziveze ukwakheka okuhle komhlaba.
Izintaba Ezinamadwala zakhiwa kanjani?
Sikhuluma ngokuthi kwakhiwa kanjani amanye amafomu amahle kakhulu kulezi zindawo. Kodwa zakhiwa kanjani lezi zintaba? Le nqubo yokwakheka komhlaba eholele ekwakhiweni kwamaRockies ifundiswa kabanzi ngososayensi bokuma komhlaba emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi ukuthi lezi zintaba zithuthukile esikhathini lapho umhlaba wawusebenza kakhulu ngokwendawo.
Amapuleti ama-tectonic ahlangabezana nokunyakaza okuqinile okwaholela ekukhuphukeni kwendawo nokwakhiwa kwezintaba okwalandela. Izintaba i-Appalachian ezibalulwe ngenhla nezichazwe ngokuningiliziwe kwesinye isihloko zakhiwa kusukela ekushayisaneni kwepuleti iLaurentia neGondwana ngesikhathi seCarboniferous esedlule. Kamuva e-Eocene, ukwehliswa okujulile kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-crust namuhla okwakha yonke intshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Lokhu kuncishiswa bekuphakamisa uqweqwe lwamazwekazi ngokuya ngokwengeziwe futhi ukwakheka kwamaRockies bekwenzeka ngendlela echazwe ngokwengeziwe.
Kungenzeka ukuthi imininingwane evela ezifundweni iyiqiniso futhi ibhale lezi zintaba ze iminyaka ephakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-88 wezigidi zeminyaka. Ngalesi sizathu, singabona phambi kwamehlo ethu indawo yemvelo ngokuphelele lapho isandla somuntu singazange singenele futhi esakhiwa eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-88 edlule.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-60 eyedlule, uma ukwakheka kwabo sekuqediwe, izintaba zingaphansi kwama-geological and meteorological agents angaphandle. Phakathi kwabo sithola ukuguquguquka kwamatshe. Ukuguqulwa kwemvelo kokubili ngokomzimba (ngenxa yezinguquko eziqhubekayo emazingeni okushisa nasekuguqukeni kwezinkathi zonyaka) kanye namakhemikhali ngenxa yokuqedwa kwezinto okwenziwe ngamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya nemvula ngokuqhubekayo kwenza indawo ibhekane nokuguguleka komhlaba.
Izimbali nezilwane
Njengoba sishilo kaningi kulokhu okuthunyelwe, kunezinhlobo eziningi zombili izitshalo nezilwane ezihlala kulezi zindawo. Ezindaweni ezinhle ezinhle zamathafa, amathafa, amahlathi, amahlathi, amaxhaphozi nokunye ama-biomes ezahlukene zingahlala ezinhlotsheni eziningi ngesilinganiso semvelo esiphelele.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlala ndawonye esizitholayo izinyamazane, izinyamazane ezinomsila omhlophe, icilongo swan, i-coyote, ibhere elinsundu, i-lynx yaseCanada nembuzi emhlophe
Sithola nokuhlukahluka okuningi kwezimila nezitshalo lapho sithola khona i-ponderosa pine, i-oki, i-alpine fir, phakathi kwabanye.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezintaba zaseRocky.