"Iplanethi" uPluto

Pluto, iplanethi ekhohliwe engasesiyo iplanethi. Kwiphepha lethu le- Uhlelo lomkhathi kwakukhona amaplanethi ayisishiyagalolunye ngaphambili kuze kube yilapho lokho okwakukhona noma kwakungeyona iplanethi kuchazwe kabusha futhi iPluto kwakudingeka iphume ekuhlanganeni kwamaplanethi. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-75 kusigaba seplanethi, ngonyaka we-2006 yathathwa njengePlanethi Yomhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ukubaluleka kwale planethi kukhulu impela, ngoba izidalwa zasezulwini ezidlula emzileni wazo zibizwa ngePlutoid.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izimfihlo nezici ze- iplanethi yemifino pluto. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngayo? Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

Izici zePluto

Le planethi encane ijikeleza iLanga njalo eminyakeni engama-247,7 futhi ukwenza lokho ngokuhamba ibanga elijwayelekile lamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-5.900. Isisindo sikaPluto silingana nezikhathi ezingu-0,0021 kunalezo zoMhlaba noma ingxenye yesihlanu yesisindo senyanga yethu. Lokhu kwenza kube kuncane kakhulu ukuthi kungathathwa njengeplanethi.

Kuyiqiniso ukuthi eminyakeni engama-75 bekuyiplanethi yi-International Astronomical Union. Ngo-1930 laqanjwa ngegama likankulunkulu wamaRoma wezwe elingaphansi.

Ngenxa yokutholakala kwaleplanethi, kutholakale izinto ezinkulu zakamuva ezifana neKuiper Belt. Kubhekwa njengeplanethi enkulu kakhulu yemifino nasemuva kwakhe u-Eris. Yakhiwa ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezithile zeqhwa. Sithola iqhwa elenziwe ngemethane efriziwe, elinye lamanzi, elinye ngelidwala.

Imininingwane ekuPluto ibikhawulelwe kakhulu kusukela ubuchwepheshe kusukela ngo-1930 bebungathuthuki kangako ekunikeleni ngokutholwa okukhulu komzimba kuze kube manje eMhlabeni. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi kwakuwukuphela kweplanethi eyayingavakashelwe umkhumbi-mkhathi.

NgoJulayi 2015, sibonga umkhankaso omusha wesikhala owashiya iplanethi yethu ngo-2006, wakwazi ukufinyelela iplanethi encane, wathola ulwazi oluningi. Imininingwane yathatha unyaka ukufinyelela iplanethi yethu.

Imininingwane ngeplanethi emifushane

Ngenxa yokwanda nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, imiphumela emihle nolwazi olumayelana nePluto luyatholakala. I-orbit yayo ihluke ngokuphelele ngokunikezwa kobudlelwano bayo bokujikeleza nesathelayithi yayo, i-axis yokujikeleza, nokwehluka kwenani lokukhanya okukufinyelela. Zonke lezi zinto eziguqukayo zenza le planethi encane ibe yinto eheha umphakathi wesayensi.

Futhi ukuthi iqhelelene kakhulu neLanga kunayo yonke iplanethi eyenza uhlelo lwelanga. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobunyoninco bomzila, isondele kuneNeptune iminyaka engama-20 yomjikelezo wayo. NgoJanuwari 1979 UPluto weqa umjikelezo weNeptune wahlala eduze neLanga kuze kube ngoMashi 1999. Lo mcimbi ngeke uphinde uphinde ube khona kuze kube nguSepthemba 2226. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iplanethi eyodwa ingena emzileni womunye, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ishayisane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-orbit ingama-degree ayi-17,2 maqondana nendiza ye-ecliptic. Ngenxa yalokhu, indlela ye-orbit isho ukuthi amaplanethi awatholakali.

UPluto unezinyanga ezinhlanu. Yize usayizi omncane kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nomhlaba wethu, unezinyanga ezi-4 ngaphezu kwethu. Inyanga enkulu kunazo zonke ibizwa ngokuthi iCharon futhi icishe ilingane nengxenye kaPluto.

Umkhathi nokwakheka

Umkhathi kaPluto ungama-98% nitrogen, methane neminye imikhondo ye-carbon monoxide. La magesi anengcindezi ethile ebusweni beplanethi. Kodwa-ke, cishe ibuthakathaka nge-100.000 kunengcindezi eseMhlabeni olwandle.

I-methane eqinile nayo iyatholakala, ngakho-ke kulinganiselwa ukuthi amazinga okushisa akule planethi encane angaphansi kuka-70 degrees Kelvin. Ngenxa yohlobo olukhethekile lwe-orbit, amazinga okushisa anezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu zokuhlukahluka kuwo wonke. UPluto angaya kwiLanga afike kuma-30 Astronomical Units bese ehamba kuze kube yi-50. Njengoba isuka eLangeni, kuvela umoya omncane emhlabeni oyimvula futhi uwele phezulu.

Ngokungafani namanye amaplanethi afana Saturn y I-Jupiter, IPluto inamadwala kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa namanye amaplanethi. Ngemuva kocwaningo olwenziwe, kuphethwe ukuthi, ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi, iningi lamatshe kule planethi yemifino ixubene neqhwa. Ice lemvelaphi ehlukile njengoba sibonile phambilini. Ezinye zixutshwe ne-methane, ezinye ngamanzi, njll.

Lokhu kungabhekwa unikezwe uhlobo lwenhlanganisela yamakhemikhali eyenzeka emazingeni aphansi okushisa kanye nengcindezi ngesikhathi kwakhiwa iplanethi. Abanye ososayensi baye umbono wokuthi uPluto uyisathelayithi elahlekile yeNeptune. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi le planethi encane yaphonswa emzileni ohlukile ngesikhathi kwakhiwa iSolar System. Ngakho-ke, iCharon izokwakhiwa ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwezinto ezilula ngenxa yokushayisana.

Ukuzungezisa kwePluto

UPluto uthatha izinsuku ezingama-6384 ukuziphendulela, ngoba ikwenza lokho ngendlela evumelanisiwe nomjikelezo wesathelayithi yayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, uPluto noCharon bahlala bebuso obufanayo komunye nomunye. I-eksisi yokujikeleza koMhlaba ingu-23 degrees. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le planetoid ingu-122 degrees. Izingongolo zicishe zisezindizeni zazo ezizungezile.

Lapho itholakala okokuqala, ukukhanya okuvela esigxotsheni sayo esiseningizimu kwabonwa. Njengoba umbono wethu wePluto ushintshile, iplanethi yabonakala ifiphala. Njengamanje singabona inkabazwe yale planetoid evela eMhlabeni.

Phakathi kuka-1985 no-1990, iplanethi yethu yayiqondaniswe nomjikelezo weCharon. Ngalesi sizathu, kungabonakala ukufiphala kosuku ngalunye lwezinsuku zikaPluto. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungaqoqwa imininingwane eminingi nge-albedo yeplanethi yemifino. Siyakhumbula ukuthi i-albedo iyona echaza ukubukeka kweplanethi yemisebe yelanga.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungaqonda kangcono iplanethi emifushane iPluto kanye nezifiso zayo.