El ICenozoic yahlulwe yazihlandlo ezininzi. Enye yazo yi Paleocene. Lelinye lamaxesha e-geological aqala kwiminyaka emalunga nezigidi ezingama-66 eyadlulayo ukuya kwiminyaka engama-56 yezigidi eyadlulayo. Eli xesha ligubungela malunga neminyaka eli-10 yezigidi kwaye lalibekwe emva kwenkqubo edumileyo yokuphela kweedinosaurs. Ngeli xesha iplanethi yayikwenye yezona meko zinoburharha athe wahlangabezana nazo kwimbali yayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwexesha lizinzile de umhlaba waba yindawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala kwaye apho uninzi lwezityalo kunye nezilwanyana zinokuphila.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga nePaleocene.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, Eli xesha lokuma komhlaba lithatha iminyaka emalunga nezigidi ezili-10. Ngeli xesha bekukho umsebenzi omandla wejoloji. Oku kuthetha ukuba iplanethi yethu ibisebenza kakhulu ngokwembono yejoloji. Ngeli xesha ilizwekazi eliphambili elibizwa ngokuba yiPangea lalisahlukane ngokupheleleyo. Amacwecwe e-tectonic kunye nentshukumo yabo ayanda kwaye amazwekazi apho ahambela kwindawo abanayo namhlanje.
Eli xesha likhanyisele ubuninzi bezinto eziphilayo. Ngexesha lePaleocene amaqela amaninzi ezilwanyana angasinda kolu hlaselo lukhulu lubangele ukunyamalala kweedinosaurs. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, babekwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zokusingqongileyo ezasala emva kweso siganeko singaqhelekanga kwaye bakwazi ukwahluka, behlala kumhlaba omkhulu.
Umsebenzi ophakamileyo wejoloji ubonakaliswe kukuhamba kwamacwecwe eteknoloji. Ngeli xesha kwaqinisekisa ukuyilwa kwe-Laramide orogeny. Le nkqubo ibaluleke kakhulu ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-geology kuba inike iziphumo kwangoko ekwakhiweni kweentaba zeentaba ezikhoyo namhlanje eMntla Melika naseMexico. Ezi ntaba zezi Iintaba ezinamatye kunye neSierra Madre Oriental.
IGondwana yenye yezona ndawo zihamba phambili emva kwePangea. Le nto ibalaseleyo yaqhubeka ukwahlulahlula kwaye babesele beyinxalenye yale nto Umhlaba omkhulu weAfrika, uMzantsi Melika, iAustralia neAntarctica. Ezi ziqwenga zine zomhlaba zikhulu zahlakazeka kwaye zaqala ukuhamba ngenxa yesiphumo sokukhenketha kwelizwekazi kumacala ahlukeneyo. YiAntarctica eya kwipali esemazantsi yeplanethi apho yayiza kugqitywa igqunywe ngumkhenkce. Kufuneka siqonde ukuba, ngaphandle kokuma kweli zwekazi, belingayi kugutyungelwa ngumkhenkce kwaye beliya kuba lilizwekazi njengamanye.
I-Paleocene Geology kunye neClimatology
Ukusuka kwilizwekazi laseAfrika, yafudukela emantla kwaye kamva yadibana ne-Eurasia. I-Australia, kwicala layo, yafudukela kumantla mpuma nangona yayihlala ihlala kumazantsi eeplanethi. Sele siyazi ukuba intshukumo yamazwekazi ixhomekeke kumacwecwe eteknoloji kunye Ukuhanjiswa kwemisinga yengubo yomhlaba.
Isiqwenga esimele uMzantsi Melika sifudukele emantla ntshona de sasisondele eMntla Melika. Njengokuba babengekho manyani, isiqwenga samanzi sasikhona phakathi kwabo esasisaziwa njengeelwandlekazi zelizwekazi. Phakathi kwencam esempuma yeAsia kunye nencam yasentshona yeNtla Melika kwavela ibhulorho yomhlaba eyabagcina benxibelelana amawaka eminyaka. Okwangoku indawo ihlala uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki.
Ngokubhekisele kwimozulu yePaleocene, la maxesha okuqala yemozulu yemozulu yayibanda kwaye yomile. Oku kungenxa yeemeko ezishiywe lulwandiso oludala. Njengoko ixesha lihamba, kuye kwaba yindawo efumileyo nefudumeleyo.
Ubume bamaqondo obushushu anyukayo
Ngeli xesha kwenzeke isiganeko esabangela ukuba amaqondo obushushu anyuke ngepesenti encinci. Esi siganeko sincinci saziwa ngokuba yi-Paleocene thermal maximum.
Yimozulu yesimo sezulu apho ubushushu beplanethi bukhuphuke nge-avareji yeedigri ezi-6. Ukuhlalutya iirekhodi ezikhoyo kumaqondo obushushu beplanethi ngeli xesha, kunokubonwa ukuba iqondo lobushushu lenyuke kakhulu nasezibondeni. Oku kwaziwa kuba iifosili zezinto eziphilayo eziqhelekileyo kumanzi tropiki zifunyenwe kuLwandlekazi iArctic.
Le meko yokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu ikwanazo neziphumo emzimbeni wamanzi, ichaphazela izinto ezininzi eziphilayo. Ezi zinto ziphilayo zichaphazeleke kakuhle yile meko kwaye umzekelo ocacileyo kukuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Kwenziwa iinzame zokuchaza izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku kunyuka kweliqondo lobushushu, umsebenzi omkhulu wentaba-mlilo uphakathi kwabona bantu bachaphazelekayo. Enye yezona mpembelelo zinokuphazanyiswa yile comet emhlabeni okanye ukukhutshwa kwesixa esikhulu segesi yemethane emoyeni. Njengoko sisazi, irhasi yemethane sisibaso esinamandla sokugcina ubushushu kunye nokugcina ubushushu.
Ekupheleni kwePaleocene imozulu yaba shushu ngakumbi kwaye ifumile.
Iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana zePaleocene
Ukuphela kobunzima kubangele ukuba iintlobo ezininzi ziphile kwaye ziphumelele, zahluka, zide zibe zezona zintsha ziphambili emhlabeni. Makhe sihlalutye iintyatyambo. Ngeli xesha kwavela izityalo ezininzi ezisaqhubeka nanamhlanje njenge Imithi yesundu, iiconiferi kunye necacti zezi.
Isimo sezulu esifudumeleyo nesifumileyo sikhona, sithanda iindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba ezigqunywe zizityalo ezinamagqabi neziluhlaza, eziphuma kwinto esiyaziyo namhlanje njengamahlathi namahlathi.
Ngokumalunga nezilwanyana, izilwanyana ezazisindile zazinethuba lokwahluka kunye nokwanda kuwo wonke umhlaba. Izilwanyana ezinezinga eliphezulu lokukhula ziintaka, izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo kunye neentlanzi. Olu phuhliso lubangelwa yinto yokuba ekunyamalaleni kwee-dinosaurs izidalwa zezilwanyana ezininzi zanyamalala kwaye ukhuphiswano lwezixhobo zendalo lwancipha.
Izirhubuluzi zathandwa ziimozulu ezazikhona ngeli xesha kwaye zinokwandiswa ngabemi abaninzi. Ngokubhekiselele kwizilwanyana ezincelisayo, mhlawumbi liqela eliphumelele kakhulu kuzo zonke izilwanyana zasePaleocene.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi ngePaleocene.