Kwizithuba zangaphambili esasihlalutya Iintaba zeAppalachian y kwiiHimalaya. Ezi ndlela zejoloji zahlukile kwaye zikhethekile kwihlabathi liphela. Namhlanje siqhubeka nokukhenketha le ntaba iphuphileyo, ityebile zizinto eziphilayo nezingumqondiso wokuba iplanethi yethu isaphila. Makhe sithethe ngayo Iintaba ezinamatye. Yenye yeentaba ezibaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke iMelika. Ime phakathi kweCanada ne-United States kwaye ithathwa njengomgogodla womNtla Melika.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi konke ukubaluleka kweeNtaba zeRocky, le yiposti yakho.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ngombulelo kwixabiso elikhulu lendalo kunye nobukho bendalo eyahlukeneyo, isihloko sePaki kaZwelonke sasekwa kule ndawo ngo-1915. Ngapha koko, ngo-1984, Yabhengezwa njenge-UNESCO njengeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi. Kwaye kukuba kwezi ntaba kugcinwa iimfihlelo ezininzi zejoloji malunga nokwenziwa kweplanethi yethu njengoko sisazi namhlanje kwaye likhaya lamawaka eentlobo.
Inobude obumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-4800, malunga. Ububanzi bayo buphakathi kwe-110 kunye ne-440 yeekhilomitha kweyona ndawo inkulu. Indawo isuka kumantla eAlberta naseBritish Columbia (zombini eziseCanada) ukuya emazantsi eNew Mexico. Igqitha kwiiThafa eziMkhulu empuma kwaye igqitha ngamazantsi kunye namathafa asentshona.
Yenziwe ziinduli ezininzi zeentaba, ke ibanzi kwaye kufanelekile ukuba ifundwe. Kukho iintaba ezinje ngeKhabinethi ebalaseleyo kunye neSalish. Ukubizwa njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi, imisebenzi emininzi yezoqoqosho ayivumelekanga. Oku kwenzelwa ukugcina i-ecosystems isempilweni.
Iintaba zeRocky zigada phakathi kweendawo zazo yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili kuwo wonke uMntla Melika. Le yiNtaba i-Elbert. Inokuphakama kweemitha ezingama-4.401. Iincopho ezisahleli kwinxalenye esemantla zigcina umkhenkce omninzi osekhoyo okokugqibela glaciation. Lo mkhenkce uqulethe ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nemozulu ekufuneka izazinzulu zihlalutye ngokupheleleyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba sivavanye la maqhekeza omkhenkce aqhubekayo kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nexesha lethu elidlulileyo lomhlaba.
Iindawo ezinomdla
Kwindawo esemantla eeRockies ungonwabela ubuhle beentili ezimxinwa nezinzulu esele zenziwe zizigidi zeminyaka ngenxa yomkhenkce. Umkhenkce oqhubekayo kunye nokunyibilika kudala imisinga yemilambo ebumba umhlaba kunye nokwenza iintlambo esinokuthi sikuxabise namhlanje. Inyani yile yokuba kubalulekile ukuba sikwazi ukubona imbonakalo yendalo eyasekwa kudala kwaye kuphela kwendalo engenelele kulwakhiwo lwayo.
Phakathi kwezona ndawo zinomdla ukuzibona kwiiRockies sifumana eminye yemilambo ebaluleke kakhulu efumaneka kuyo yonke iNyakatho Melika. Phakathi kwabo sidibana noMlambo iColorado, Columbia kunye neBravo. Le milambo yamanzi acocekileyo inikwa amanzi aveliswa ngokuqhubekayo kwiinkqubo zokukhenkcisa kunye nokunyibilika okukhankanywe apha ngasentla. Oku kusikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokunyibilika komkhenkce onje xa ujongene nokunyuka kwamanqanaba olwandle kunye neentlekele ezinokuthi ziveliswe koku.
Kule meko yendalo asinakubona kuphela iintaba, kodwa amanye amatye okwakhiwa sisenzo se-glacial, zangaphandle zejoloji kunye neenkqubo zemozulu. Intshukumo eqhubekayo yemvula, umoya, utshintsho lobushushu, ukuqina kunye nokunyibilika, njl. Babumba imbonakalo yomhlaba kwiminyaka edlulileyo kwaye banika ubume obunomtsalane bejoloji.
Zenziwe njani iiRocky Mountains?
Sithetha ngendlela ezakhiwe ngayo ezinye zeendlela ezintle kwezi ndawo. Kodwa zenziwa njani ezi ntaba? Le nkqubo yokuma komhlaba ekhokelele ekusekweni kweeRockies ifundwa ngokubanzi ziijoloji kwihlabathi liphela. Kwaye kukuba ezi ntaba ziye zaphuhliswa kwixesha apho uMhlaba wawusebenza kakhulu ngokuma komhlaba.
Amacwecwe e-tectonic afumana iintshukumo ezomeleleyo ezikhokelele ekuphakameni komhlaba kunye nokwakheka kweentaba. Iintaba zeAppalachian ezichazwe apha ngasentla kunye neenkcukacha kwelinye inqaku zenziwa Ukusuka kwengozi yeLaurentia kunye neGondwana Ngexesha lokugqibela kweCarboniferous. Emva kwexesha, kwi-Eocene, bekukho ukuthotyelwa okunzulu okunzulu ngaphantsi koqweqwe namhlanje olwenza yonke intshona yeNtshona Melika. Olu thanjiso beluphakamisa ubukhulu belizwekazi ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye ukuyilwa kweeRockies bekuqhubeka ngendlela echazwe ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Kungenzeka ukuba idatha evela kwizifundo iyinyani kwaye ibhale le mihla yeentaba ze ubudala obuphakathi kwama-55 nama-88 ezigidi zeminyaka. Ngesi sizathu, sinokubona phambi kwamehlo ethu indalo ebonakalayo apho isandla somntu singazange singenelele kwaye senziwa kwiminyaka engama-88 yezigidi eyadlulayo.
Emva kweminyaka engama-60 ezigidi edlulileyo, xa ukubunjwa kwazo kugqityiwe, iintaba zixhomekeke kubume bejoloji bezulu nobume bezulu. Phakathi kwabo sifumana ukuguqulwa kwamatye. Ukuguqulwa kwemizimba kokubini ngokwasemzimbeni (ngenxa yotshintsho oluqhubekayo kumaqondo obushushu kunye nokuvela kwamaxesha onyaka) kunye neekhemikhali ngenxa yokupheliswa kwezinto ngokwenziwa kwamanzi. Ukongeza, umoya kunye nemvula ngokuqhubekayo zenza ukuba imbonakalo yomhlaba ibe phantsi kokhukuliseko.
Iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana
Njengoko besikhankanyile amaxesha amaninzi kule post, zininzi iintlobo zeentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala kwezi ndawo. Kwiindawo ezintle zomhlaba, amathafa, amahlathi, iindawo ezinengca, imigxobhozo kunye nabanye iibhayom ezahlukeneyo zinokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi kwindawo efanelekileyo yendalo.
Phakathi kweentlobo ezihlala kunye esizifumanayo Ixhama, inyamakazi emhlophe, ixilongo, icoyote, ibhere emdaka, ingqawa yaseCanada kunye nebhokhwe emhlophe.
Sikwabona ukwahlukahlukana kotyani kunye neentyatyambo apho sifumana khona ipangerosa pine, i-oki, i-alpine fir, phakathi kwabanye.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga neeNtaba zeRocky.