Ngexesha lePaleozoic sinamaxesha amaninzi apho Ixesha lejoloji. Icandelo lokuqala lelakhe ICambrian. Lulahlulo lwamaxesha okwakheka komhlaba kunye nexesha lokuqala lamathandathu exesha lePaleozoic. Iqale malunga ne-541 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo kwaye yaphela malunga ne-485 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Ithuba elilandelayo ngu-Ordovician.
Kweli nqaku siza kugxila kuwo onke amanqaku, ijiology, imozulu, iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana zexesha leCambrian.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Eli xesha leengcamango zePaleozoic lihamba phambili ngokuba impembelelo enkulu kwinqanaba lejoloji kwiplanethi yonke. Kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba i-Cambrian yathatha kuphela i-70 yezigidi zeminyaka, kodwa isayensi ikwazile ukuyilungisa enkosi kulwazi oluvela kwiirekhodi zeefosili. Isebe le-geology eligxile kolu tshintsho lufunyenwe yiplanethi yomhlaba ukusukela ekubunjweni kwayo yokwakheka komhlaba.
Lonke eli xesha lifumana igama leCambrian kwigama elivela eCambria. Eli gama liyi-Latinized form ye-Cymru ethetha i-Wales. I-Wales namhlanje apho iindawo zokuhlala ze-geological zeli xesha zichongiwe. Ngokwahlulahlulo lwejoloji kukho ukuqhushumba okukhulu kobomi okokuqala kubhalwe kwifosil. Izinto zokuqala ezinokuphindaphindeka zinokuhlukaniswa ezinzima ngakumbi kunesiponji okanye ijeli yentlanzi.
Phakathi kwezona zidalwa zibalulekileyo ngeli xesha zii-algae eziluhlaza ezingafakwanga milimitha nje ezimbalwa ubukhulu ngenxa yeetrilobites. Ezi trilobites liqela elidumileyo learthropods elikwaziyo ukusinda ekuphelisweni kwezinto ezininzi. Oku kuvele kobomi kubizwa ngokuba kukuqhushumba kweCambrian kwaye yayisesinye seziganeko ezinkulu eziphawule umda phakathi kweNeoproterozoic kunye nexesha leCambrian.
Ixesha leCambrian geology
Ngeli xesha kucingelwa ukuba amazwekazi ebeziziphumo zokwahlulwa kwe-supercontinent enkulu esele ikhona i-Neoproterozoic kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-Pannotia. Elona qhekeza likhulu le-supercontinent yiGondwana kwaye imi emazantsi kunye namazwekazi ama-3 amancinci abizwa ngokuba yiLaurentia, iSiberia kunye neBaltic. La mazwekazi ayefudukela emantla ngenxa yokuhamba kwe Amacwecwe eTectonic eziqhutywa Ukuhanjiswa kwemisinga yengubo yomhlaba.
Yile ndlela yokuhamba kwamazwekazi ukuqala ukwenza izikhundla esizaziyo namhlanje. Amanqanaba okuhamba kwelizwekazi ngexesha leCambrian aqikelelwa ukuba abephezulu ngokungaqhelekanga xa kuthelekiswa namaxesha angaphambili. Oku kuthetha ukuba bekukho umsebenzi omkhulu wamacwecwe eteknoloji. Ngombulelo kwezi ntshukumo zamazwekazi, sikwazile ukonyusa ukwahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo kumgangatho weeplanethi okoko kwadalwa izinto eziphilayo ezahlukileyo ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo.
Ulwandle i-Panthalassa lolona lwalugubungela uninzi lweplanethi yonke, ngelixa ezinye iilwandle ezincinci ezinje ngeproto-Tethys kunye nolwandle lwaseKhanty zifunyenwe phakathi kwamanzi amazwekazi amancinci abizwa ngokuba yiLaurentia neBaltic.
Imozulu yaseCambrian
Imozulu yexesha leCambrian kukholelwa ukuba ibifudumele kakhulu kunangaphambili. Ngeli xesha kwakungekho minyaka yobudala bomkhenkce kwiipali. Oko kukuthi, akukho pole yomhlaba yayigqunywe ngumkhenkce. Kwelinye icala, ixesha leCambrian lahlulwe laba zii-eras ezintathu: I-Lower Cambrian, i-Middle Cambrian kunye ne-Upper Cambrian. Siza kuhlalutya imozulu kunye nokwakheka komhlaba ngokufutshane kwixesha ngalinye leli xesha.
- ICambrian esezantsiNgeli xesha ilizwekazi laseGondwana kunye nabanye abantu abancinci bahlala kuyo yonke imimandla yeikhweyitha. Oku kuye kwaziwa ngenxa yeerekhodi zelitye lekalika kwilwandle oluninzi nakwi-epicontinental yetropiki. Ngelo xesha, i-orogeny yeCadomian yiyo eyakhokelela kumaxesha okuntywiliselwa komhlaba omkhulu ekuqaleni kweCambrian.
- I-Middle Cambrian: Ngeli xesha kwabakho umjikelo ophambukayo owaphazanyiswa ziimpulse ezibuyayo.
- ICambrian ephezulu: Inxalenye enkulu yelizwekazi laseGondwana, elalineendawo ezingaphezulu kweikhweyitha, lalisiya kwiindawo ezibandayo. Bebethatyathelwa indawo kwizikhundla ukusukela oko uninzi oluncinci lwamazwekazi afana neLaurentia, iSiberia neAustralia bebehleli kwizikhundla zeikhweyitha.
Ukuqhuma kobomi
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, eli xesha laziwa njengolwahlulo lwexesha apho kwabakho ukudubuleka okukhulu kobomi kunangaphambili. Yaziwa ngokuba kukuqhuma kweCambrian. Olu dubulo lukhokelele ekubonakaleni kwendalo eyahlukileyo kwiplanethi ebandakanya amaqela amaninzi ezilwanyana esaziyo namhlanje.
Phakathi kwezi zilwanyana eziye zavela, sifumana izingqinisiso zalo luhlobo lomqolo kunye noluntu. Akwaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kwenzeka njani intlantsi yokuqhuma kwezinto eziphilayo. Kukholelwa ukuba yayiyiyo ioksijini eyayikhona ngoko emoyeni kwaye, ngenxa yokukhutshwa yi-cyanobacteria kunye ne-algae eyayiqhuba i-photosynthesis, inokufikelela kumanqanaba ayimfuneko kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo ukuze zikhule. izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo ezinikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zobomi.
Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele yile okusingqongileyo okwenze ukuba kube nokwamkela iindwendwe kancinci njengoko imozulu iya ishushu kwaye namazinga olwandle enyuka. Ngale ndlela, iindawo zokuhlala eziphantsi kolwandle zadalwa ezazilungele ukuvelisa iintlobo ezintsha zobomi kuba kukho izixa ezikhulu zezondlo.
Nangona kunjalo, kucingelwa ukuba uninzi lwenzululwazi bagqithisile ubukhulu bokudubula kweCambrian ngenxa yokwanda kwezilwanyana ezinesakhiwo esomeleleyo esikhawuleze saphuma ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula kunangaphambili. Kuyo yonke le nto unokufumana kuphela iirekhodi zeefosili kuxhomekeke kubume bomzimba. Ukuba umzimba uthambile awunakufakwa kwifossil ngendlela efanayo. Umzekelo, into eninzi iyaziwa malunga ne-brachiopods ezazihlala kwi-clam kunye neekhells ezinje nge-cockle kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezinamathambo angaphandle adibeneyo namhlanje abizwa ngokuba ziiarthropods.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nexesha leCambrian.