El Cenozoic iyo yakakamurwa kuita akawanda epochs. Imwe yacho ndeye Paleocene. Ndiyo imwe yenguva dze geological dzakawedzera kubva pamamiriyoni mazana matanhatu emakore apfuura kusvika pamamiriyoni makumi mashanu nematanhatu apfuura. Iyi nguva inovhara makore angaite mamirioni gumi uye yaive yakawanikwa mushure meyakakurumbira nzira yekutsakatika kwemahara dinosaurs. Panguva ino nyika yaive mune imwe yemamiriro ezvinhu ane hukasha kwayakasangana nayo munhoroondo yayo yese. Nekudaro, nekufamba kwenguva, yakagadzikana kusvikira pasi rave nzvimbo yakakwana yekugara uye panogona kurarama zvirimwa nemhuka.
Muchikamu chino tiri kuzokuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezvePaleocene.
Mhando huru
Sezvatambotaura kare, ino geological epoch inogara kweanosvika gumi miriyoni yemakore. Pakati peino nguva paive neakanyanya geological chiitiko. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pasi redu raive richishanda zvakanyanya kubva kune iyo geological maonero. Panguva ino kondinendi yepamusoro inonzi Pangea yakanga ichiri mukuparadzaniswa kwakazara. Iwo matectonic mahwendefa uye kufamba kwavo kuri kuwedzera uye makondinendi ariko ari kufamba achienda kunzvimbo yavainayo parizvino.
Ino nguva yakavhenekera huwandu hwayo hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvipenyu. Munguva yePaleocene mapoka mazhinji emhuka anogona kupona mukutsakatika kukuru kwakakonzera kutsakatika kwemadinosaurs. Munguva yakapfuura, ivo vaikwanisa kujairana nemamiriro ezvinhu ezvakatipoteredza ayo akasara mushure mechiitiko chinoshamisa uye vakakwanisa kusiyanisa, vachitora maturakiti makuru epasi.
Iyo yepamusoro geological chiitiko chakakonzerwa nekufamba kwematare etekoni. Munguva ino yakasimbisa kuumbwa kweLaramide orogeny. Maitiro aya akakosha kwazvo kubva pakuona geology sezvo yakapa mhedzisiro nekuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzemakomo dziripo nhasi muNorth America neMexico. Aya makomo emakomo ndiwo Rocky Makomo uye iyo Sierra Madre Oriental.
Gondwana yaive imwe yenhandare hombe shure kwePangea. Iyi supercontinent yakaramba ichipatsanura uye vaive vatova chikamu cheichi hombe landmass Africa, South America, Australia neAntarctica. Idzi zvikamu zvina zvakakura zvepasi zvakaparara uye zvakatanga kufamba nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekukwira kondinendi munzira dzakasiyana. Ndiyo Antarctica iyo yakaenda kudanda rekumaodzanyemba kwepasi kwaizopedzisira rafukidzwa chose nechando. Tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti, pasina chinzvimbo chazvino chekondinendi iyi, ingadai isina kufukidzwa nechando uye yaizove kondinendi sevamwe vese.
Paleocene Geology uye Climatology
Kubva kukondinendi yeAfrica, yakatamira kuchamhembe uye yakazobatana neEurasia. Australia, pachikamu chayo, yakatamira zvishoma kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kunyangwe ichigara ichigara kumaodzanyemba kwenyika. Isu tatoziva kuti kufamba kwemakondinendi kunoenderana nema tectonic mahwendefa uye iyo convection mazaya wenguo yepasi.
Chidimbu icho nhasi chinomiririra South America chakatamira kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kusvikira chave pedyo neNorth America. Sezvo ivo vaive vasina kubatana, chidimbu chemvura chaivapo pakati pavo chaizivikanwa semakungwa emakondinendi. Pakati pemucheto wekumabvazuva weAsia uye kumadokero kwekuchamhembe kweNorth America kwakaonekwa bhiriji repasi raivachengeta rakabatana kwezviuru zvemakore. Parizvino nzvimbo inogarwa nePacific Ocean.
Kana zviri zvemamiriro ekunze ePaleocene, iwo ekutanga nguva yemamiriro ekunze epasi anga achitonhora uye akaomarara. Izvi zvaikonzerwa nemamiriro akasiyiwa nekuwedzera kwekare. Sezvo nguva yakafambira mberi, yakava inodziya zvikuru uye inodziya mamiriro okunze.
Phenomenon yekukwira tembiricha
Panguva ino chiitiko chakaitika chakakonzera kuti tembiricha iwedzere nepashoma muzana. Ichi chiitiko chidiki chakazozivikanwa sePaleocene thermal maximum.
Ichi chiitiko chemamiriro ekunze umo tembiricha yepasi yakakwira neavhareji yemadhigirii matanhatu. Kuongorora zvinyorwa zviripo zvekushisa kwepasi panguva ino, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti tembiricha yakawedzera zvakanyanya sei pamatanda. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sezvo zvisaririra zvezvisikwa zvakajairika zvemvura yetropiki zvakawanikwa muArctic Ocean.
Ichi chiitiko chekuwedzera tembiricha zvakare chakave nemhedzisiro pamitumbi yemvura, ichikanganisa zvipenyu zvakawanda. Izvi zvipenyu zvakakanganiswa nezvakaitika izvi uye muenzaniso wakajeka ndiko kukura kwezvipuka. Kuedza kunoitwa kutsanangura zvakasiyana zvikonzero zvekuwedzera kweiyi tembiricha, iro rakanyanya volcano chiitiko chiri pakati pevakanyanya kubatwa. Imwe yemhedzisiro inonyanya kuitika ndeyeye comet iri pasi pevhu kana kuburitswa kwemahombekombe emethane gasi mumhepo. Sezvo isu tichiziva, methane gasi ine simba kupisa chengetedzo uye girinihausi gasi.
Pakupera kwePaleocene mamiriro ekunze akamboita kudziya uye kunyorova.
Paleocene maruva nemhuka
Kutsakatika kwakawanda kwakakonzera mhando zhinji kuti dzirarame uye dzibudirire, dzichisiyana-siyana, dzichitova mhando nyowani nyowani panyika. Ngationgororei maruva. Munguva iyi mbeu zhinji dzakatangira dzichiri kuenderera nanhasi se michindwe, conifers uye cacti ndizvo.
Mamiriro ekunze anodziya uye ane hunyoro akakunda, inofarira nzvimbo hombe dzevhu dzakafukidzwa nemashizha nemashizha egirini, zvichibva izvo zvatinoziva nhasi sango nemasango.
Kana iri mhuka, mhuka dzakapona dzaive nemukana wekusiyana uye kuwedzera mupasi rese. Mhuka dzine mwero wepamusoro wekusimudzira ishiri, zvinokambaira nehove. Uku kukura kwakakonzerwa nenyaya yekuti nekushaikwa kwemadinosaurs mhuka dzinodya dzimwe mhuka dzakawanda dzakanyangarika uye kukwikwidzana kwezviwanikwa kwakaderera.
Izvo zvinokambaira zvakafarirwa nemamiriro ekunze akange aripo panguva iyi uye aigona kuwedzerwa nevagari vazhinji. Kana zviri mhuka dzesimba, ingangodaro raive rakabudirira kwazvo boka mukati memhuka dzese dzePaleocene.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvePaleocene.