Mphamvu zamagetsi zosinthasintha

La rotational kinetic mphamvu Ndi mtundu wa mphamvu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka zinthu mozungulira mozungulira. Mphamvu zamtundu uwu ndizofunika pazochitika zambiri zakuthupi, kuchokera kumakanika akale kupita ku quantum physics.

M'nkhaniyi tikuuzani zomwe mphamvu ya kinetic ya kasinthasintha ndi, makhalidwe ake, ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.

Kodi mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira ndi chiyani

Mwachidule, mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe chinthu chimakhala nacho chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwake mozungulira. Mphamvu iyi imawerengedwa kuchokera kulemera kwa chinthucho, kuthamanga kwake kwamakona, ndi mtunda kuchokera pakati pa chinthucho mpaka kumtunda wa kuzungulira.

Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha mphamvu zamtunduwu ndikuyenda kwa gudumu la njinga. Njingayo ikamayenda, gudumu limayamba kuzungulira mozungulira. Pamene gudumu limayenda mofulumira, ma kinetics ake ozungulira amawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njinga ipitirire patsogolo mosavuta.

Chitsanzo china ndi kuyenda kwa pamwamba pozungulira. Kumwamba kukawomba, mphamvu yake yozungulira ya kinetic imawonjezeka pamene ikukula mofulumira. Mphamvu iyi ndi yomwe imapangitsa kuti pamwamba pakhale kuzungulira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira imagwirizana ndi misa ndi ma angular velocity ya chinthu, koma sichidalira kuthamanga kwake. Choncho chinthu chikhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu yozungulira kwambiri ya kinetic ngakhale kuti ikuyenda pang'onopang'ono.

Ubwino wa Rotational Kinetic Energy

Ubwino waukulu wamtunduwu ndi uwu:

• Mphamvu zamagetsi: Ubwino wina waukulu wa mphamvu zozungulira za kinetic ndikuti mphamvu zake zimakhala zokwera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ma injini oyatsira mkati amasintha mphamvu yopitilira 90% yamafuta omwe amakhala mumafuta kukhala mphamvu yozungulira ya kinetic. Kuchita bwino kumeneku ndikofunikira chifukwa kumachepetsa kuwononga mafuta komanso kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha.
• Ntchito zambiri: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosunthika kwambiri. Ma injini oyatsira mkati amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto osiyanasiyana ndi makina olemera, pomwe mitundu ina yamphamvu yozungulira ya kinetic imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, kupanga mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso kufufuza malo.
• Torque yayikulu: Mphamvu zozungulira za kinetic zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti apange torque yayikulu, kupangitsa mphamvuyi kukhala chisankho choyenera pamakina omwe amafunikira mphamvu zoyambira, monga injini zamagalimoto ndi zopalasa zombo. Torque ndi muyeso wa mphamvu yozungulira chinthu ndipo ndiyofunikira pamakina ambiri.
• Malo osungira: Ubwino wina wa mphamvu zozungulira za kinetic ndizosavuta kuzisunga. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mphamvu, monga mphamvu yamagetsi kapena mphamvu yotentha, mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira imatha kusungidwa mosavuta mu chinthu choyenda.

kuipa

Ngakhale mphamvu yamtunduwu ili ndi zabwino zake, ilinso ndi zovuta zina zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• Zingakhale zovuta kuzilamulira. Zinthu zopota mothamanga kwambiri zimatha kukhala zoopsa ngati sizikuyendetsedwa bwino, ndipo zimatha kuwononga anthu ndi katundu wapafupi ngati sizisamalidwa bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, zida zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yozungulira kinetic ziyenera kupangidwa mosamala kuti zichepetse ngozi.
• Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusunga. Mosiyana ndi magwero ena amphamvu, monga magetsi kapena mafuta, mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira siingathe kusungidwa mosavuta. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zida zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira ziziyenda nthawi zonse kuti zikhalebe ndi mphamvu, zomwe zingakhale zovuta nthawi zina.
• Nthawi zina zimakhala zopanda ntchito. Zida zina zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira zimatha kutaya mphamvu chifukwa cha kukangana ndi zinthu zina, kuchepetsa mphamvu zawo pakapita nthawi. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira zimakhalanso zokwera mtengo kuzisamalira ndi kukonzanso chifukwa cha zovuta zake komanso magawo osuntha omwe amawapanga.

Momwe imakonzedwa ndikusungidwa

Mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira ndiyofunikira pakutembenuza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu yomwe imapereka chithandizo kwa anthu onse m'malo antchito komanso kunyumba. Malinga ndi Centro de Estudios Cervantinos, mphamvuzi zimagwiritsa ntchito kinetics m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti zisinthe kukhala mphamvu zina. Izi ndi njira zotsatirazi zomwe ayenera kusinthira mphamvuyi:

• Mphamvu yamphepo imatembenuza mphamvu ya kinetic yosuntha matupi a mpweya kukhala magetsi. Mphepo imapangidwa ndi kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kuzizira kwa mlengalenga ndi nyanja zam'nyanja ndi cheza chadzuwa.
• Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imatengera mwayi pamayendedwe amadzi oyenda pamene akugwa (mu mathithi kapena dziwe lamagetsi).
• Mphamvu ya mafunde imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya madzi osuntha pamene imayenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo chifukwa cha mafunde.
• Kutentha kwamphamvu ndi mtundu wapadera wa mphamvu ya kinetic. Izi si mphamvu ya chinthu chonse choyenda, koma mphamvu yonse ya kuyenda, kuzungulira, ndi kugwedezeka kwa maatomu ndi mamolekyu mkati mwa chinthu.

Ponena za kusungirako, mabatire amakina omwe amatha kuchangidwanso amapangidwa motere:

• Ma Accumulators amasunga mphamvu zamakina pamtundu wozungulira wotchedwa flywheel.
• Makina opangira amasintha mphamvu zamakina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi kuti apezenso mphamvu zosungidwa mu flywheel.
• kusintha mphamvu kutembenuka Imayendetsedwa ndikuyambitsa injini kuti iwononge accumulator kapena capacitor.
• Flywheel imaphatikizidwa mu jenereta yamagetsi yamagetsi ndipo imapanga makina akutali, olumikizidwa ndi kunja pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe ndi batire ya electrochemical.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndi chidziwitsochi mutha kuphunzira zambiri za mphamvu ya kinetic ya kasinthasintha ndi mawonekedwe ake.