Kunezinsimbi eziningi ezakhiwe kuwo wonke umlando ukuze zifunde kabanzi, ukukhulisa ukubuka nokucwaninga futhi, ekugcineni, ukuthuthukisa ulwazi ngesihloko. Uma ucabanga emuva ezikhathini zasendulo, kufanele ubone ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba bezingekho izinsiza eziningi zokwakha insimbi njengamanje, ngakho-ke kuyinto enhle ukuyakha. Okokubuka isibhakabhaka ne izinkanyezi, kwadingeka kusungulwe ithuluzi elizosiza ekufuneni kwabo. Ngalokhu i sibongile.
Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi yini i-astrolabe, isetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona.
Yini i-astrolabe
Ukuthola umbono wokuthi yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obabukhona futhi manje, kufanele sicabange ukuthi mhlawumbe izinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zabantu zaziphila ngenkathi i-astrolabe isungulwa kepha babengazi nokuthi bukhona. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abezindaba phambilini bebengakathuthuki njengamanje.
I-astrolabe isitholi sezinkanyezi ukwandisa ukuseshwa kwemilaza esibhakabhakeni. Ngokudlula kwemiphakathi, kwaba nentshisekelo eyanda ngokwengeziwe olwazini mayelana nezinkanyezi nezincazelo zazo.
Ama-astrolabes akudala akhiwe ngethusi futhi zazingama-cm ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20 kuphela ububanzi. Yize bezikhona izinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-astrolabe, ezinye zinkulu kanti ezinye zincane, zonke zigcine izici ezifanayo.
Umzimba we-astrolabe une-mater eyi-disk enezimbobo phakathi nendawo. Ngenxa yendandatho ungabona amadigri ebubanzi. Engxenyeni emaphakathi sine-eardrum, eqoshwe imibuthano ekhombisa ukuphakama. Futhi banenethiwekhi, eyi-cut disk esetshenziselwa ukubona i-eardrum ngaphansi kwayo. Kumathiphu ungabona inani lezinkanyezi ezimelwe. Ngaphezulu kwesicabucabu sinenkomba ekhomba inkanyezi esibheke kuyo. I-alidade ukubona ukuthi inkanyezi etholakele ikude kangakanani.
Ukusebenza kwayo kube yinkimbinkimbi kubasebenzisi abaningi. Ukuphatha nje, kwakudingeka izincwadi ezinamakhasi amakhulu. Umgomo kuphela bheka inkanyezi futhi wazi ukuma kwayo. Iphinde yasebenza njengethuluzi lokuzulazula ukuthola ulwazi ngesikhathi nobubanzi amatilosi ayekuso.
Ukusebenza
I-astrolabe isebenza ngokuba yingqikimba yomkhathi wesibhakabhaka onesiqu esizuze iziqu. Inenaliti ezungeza isiphambano lapho ulungisa khona inkanyezi okukhulunywa ngayo. Inhloso ye-astrolabe ukwazi ukukala ubude be-angular lapho inkanyezi ingaphezulu kwezinto ezisemkhathini. Imvamisa, ukusebenzisa le nsimbi sigxila enkanyezini ngotshani kanti omunye umuntu nguye ofunda inombolo yocingo esikalini esiphothule kuso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu oyedwa akakwazi ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwensimbi, ngoba lapho sisusa ikhanda lethu ukubheka uphawu, sizosuka lapho sibona khona inkanyezi.
Omunye umsebenzi ukuthi unale divayisi ukukala i-latitude. Ukuze senze lokhu, kufanele sazi enye yezinkanyezi esibhakabhakeni nokwehla kwayo. Lokhu kwehla sikuthola ngamatafula athile. Sizodinga ikhampasi kanye ne-astrolabe. Ukukala i-latitude sisebenzisa ifomula yezibalo ezizohluka uma sisenyakatho yezwe noma eningizimu yezwe. Uma siseNyakatho Nenkabazwe kuzofanele sengeze ubude benkanyezi kanye nokwehla futhi sizokhipha ama-degree angama-90. Uma sise-hemisphere eseningizimu, sizokwengeza kuphela ubude benkanyezi nokuncipha kwayo ngaphandle kokukhipha noma yini.
Izinhlobo ze-astrolabe
Njengoba sishilo phambilini, lezi zinsimbi zadalwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene kuya ngokuthi zisetshenziswe ngubani. Zabuye zaguqulwa njengoba zazivumelanisa nezimo zomzuzu ngamunye. Ukutholwa kwakhe kwavumela njalo amasu amasha nezinto zokwakha zaphuma ukuthuthukisa ukubonwa futhi, futhi, ezinye izinsimbi zavela kakhulu kunezokuqala.
Sizohlaziya ukuthi izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-astrolabe zifana kanjani nokuthi zehluke kanjani. Lokhu bekunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwenziwa nezinto zokwakha. Kodwa-ke, uzobona ukuthi zonke zinethonya elikhulu kubuchwepheshe esibusebenzisayo namuhla nokuthi ikusize kanjani ukutadisha izinkanyezi.
I-planispheric astrolabe
Le modeli yenzelwe ukukwazi ukuhlaziya izinkanyezi ebangeni elilodwa. Lokho kusho ukuthi, wazi zonke izinkanyezi ezisendaweni ethile ethile. Ukuyisebenzisa, idatha nezindiza ezahlukahlukene zensimbi zilungisiwe ukuze zikwazi ukuthola izinkanyezi. Uma ufuna ukwenza olunye uhlobo lokubuka, bekufanele ulungise yonke idatha futhi bese uqala phansi.
Kwakuyithuluzi elilula kunazo zonke ongalisebenzisa kepha lelo elinokulinganiselwa okuningi, ngoba ubungazi izinkanyezi zobubanzi obulodwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bakhipha ezinye izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezithuthukisa ubulula bomsebenzi.
I-astrolabe yendawo yonke
Le modeli yavela maqondana neyangaphambilini. Kuphinde kwasebenza nokwazi lonke ulwazi lwazo zonke izindawo ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kulithuthukise kakhulu ikhwalithi yokubuka kanye nemininingwane etholwe ngayo. Kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke ongayisebenzisa futhi ososayensi abaningi bathathe isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuthi bafunde ukuzisebenzisa. Lapho ukusebenza kwayo sekulawulwa, kungakhipha imininingwane enhle.
I-Sailor astrolabe
Le nsimbi yayingasetshenziswanga nje kuphela ukubona okwakukhona esibhakabhakeni kodwa futhi nokuqondisa amatilosi olwandle oluphakeme. Ukubona ukuthi leli thuluzi wayenamandla amakhulu okuqondisa imikhumbi olwandle, inguqulo eguqulelwe olwandle yasungulwa. Kwakusizo impela ukwazi izikhundla nobubanzi ezazikubo. Kunjengokungathi uhlelo lokuzulazula kodwa lwakudala kakhulu.
Inkinga kuphela eyivezile ukuthi bekunzima ukuyisingatha futhi kudinga ukufunda okude.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-astrolabe.