Kokubili ku-meteorology naku-biology kuyafundwa i-phenology zezinto eziphilayo. Lokhu akuyona enye into ngaphandle kokubheka ukuvela kwezinto eziphilayo emjikelezweni wazo wokuphila. Lokho, ukwahluka kwezici zayo nomjikelezo wempilo ngokuya ngezimpawu zemvelo ezikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Kokubili isimo sezulu nomhlabathi kanye nezici ze-biotic zihlobene ne-phenology yezinto eziphilayo. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuguqula ngokujulile i-phenology yezinto eziningi eziphilayo, kukwenza kungaphumeleli kangako ekusindeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizohlaziya ngokujulile izici ze-phenology yezinto eziphilayo nokuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuthinta kanjani umjikelezo wabo wempilo. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ukuthi izilwane nezitshalo zihlala kanjani? Kumele uqhubeke ufunde 🙂
Inhloso ye-phenology
I-Phenology funda izinsuku lapho kuqala khona izigaba ezahlukahlukene zokukhula kwezitshalo. Ngale ndlela, zirekhodwe ngokulandelana kwezikhathi futhi ukubonwa kwenziwa ukuhlaziya ukuxhumana nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo. Isibonelo, endabeni yemibungu yovemvane, isikhathi lapho ziba izibungu siseduze nesikhathi lapho amaphuphu ezinhlobo ezithile zezinyoni adinga ukudla kwawo ukuze akhule. Yebo, leso sikhathi sibalulekile ukuthi senzeke ngasikhathi sinye ukuze amachwane akhule. Uma i-phenology yezibungu iguqulwa, amaphuphu ngeke abe nokudla.
Ukubukwa kuyenziwa unyaka wonke futhi kuyarekhodwa ukuze kube nenkumbulo ethembekile yomjikelezo wempilo yezinto ezifundwe. Imininingwane yocwaningo ehlobene nokukhula kwezitshalo nayo iyafundwa. Lokhu kubhekisa ekuqhathaniseni ukwanda kosayizi isitshalo okukhulunywa ngaso esihlangabezane nakho, isisindo saso, ivolumu, ukusebenza kwe-photosynthesis nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.
Uma yonke idatha isitholakele, usungakwazi bazi ukuziphatha kwezinto eziningi eziphilayo kuya ngesikhathi sonyaka esikuso.
Izinkinga zezinyoni
Kubalulekile ukwazi i-phenology ukuze wakhe, ngokwesibonelo, izindawo lapho izinyoni zingahlala khona futhi ziqinisekise impumelelo yazo yokuzala. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu emadolobheni.
Izinyoni ezifudukayo babe nenkinga enkulu yokwenza uhambo lwabo lwesizini kwezinye izindawo ezinamazinga okushisa amnandi ngokwengeziwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imithelela yomuntu yenza ukuthi izinyoni zingabi nezindawo eziphephile zokuphumula ngemuva kohambo lwazo olude nesidleke. Abancane badinga ukunakekelwa okudingekayo nokudla okufanele bakunikeze abazali. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ibhalansi yemvelo elinyazwa ngabantu.
Ngokuthinta uhlobo oluthile, zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezazincike kuzo ngandlela thile ziyathinteka. Uma uhlobo lwesitshalo unogwaja odla ngalo lufela endaweni, inani lonogwaja lizokwehla, yingakho izinhlobo ezidliwayo ezondla onogwaja. Lokhu kwaziwa njengeketanga lokudla.
Ngakho-ke, i-phenology yezinyoni ifundwa ngokucophelela. Lokho kusho ukuthi, imijikelezo yabo yokuzala kabusha, yokwakha izidleke, yokuqomisana, yokufuduka, njll.. Njengoba sizobona kamuva, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuthinta kakhulu ukulinganisela kwalezi zinhlobo nempumelelo yokuphila kwazo.
I-phenology yesitshalo nokubhekwa kwe-phenological
Ekulimeni, i-phenology nayo ihlaziywa. Kusebenza ekuthuthukiseni isivuno sesivuno, njengoba kwaziwa isikhathi esihle sokufaka umanyolo, ukunisela kakhulu noma kancane, noma ukuthena ukuze ikhule futhi ikhule kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo. Kunezikhathi zonyaka lapho izinambuzane eziyizinambuzane zisebenza kakhulu futhi zizala ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukwazi lokhu, amasu okuvimbela angaqalwa lapho kufika isikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu wezinambuzane.
Kungokufanayo nangezifo. Ebusika, uma unikezwa izimo ezimbi kakhulu nezimvula, kunomswakama omningi. Umswakama oweqile uvamise ukuholela ezifweni ezitshalweni.
Ukwenza ngcono isivuno sezitshalo, ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwemeteorology kubalulekile. Yazi mayelana amazinga okushisa, imimoya ekhona, izinhlobo zamafu, njll. Kungasiza kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwezitshalo.
Hhayi kwezolimo kuphela, kepha izimboni zayo ezivela kokunye kubalulekile ukuba nemininingwane ethembekile ye-phenological. Isibonelo, kufanele wazi usuku olumaphakathi lapho izitshalo eziningi zatshala khona ukuqhakaza, izithelo, futhi zivuthwe. Le mininingwane ibalulekile ekuhlelweni okulungile kwezolimo nezimboni.
Uma kwaziwa umthelela izimo zemvelo ezinayo esigabeni ngasinye sokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo, kusengaphambili noma ukulibaziseka ekubonisweni kwazo kungabikezelwa.
Ukubheka kwe-phenological okwenziwa isikhathi eside, kuvumela ukufinyelela eziphethweni emkhakheni wocwaningo lwesayensi. Futhi, ilusizo olukhulu kwezolimo nakwezimboni. Ithanda kakhulu ulwazi lwezinsuku ezingaba khona zezigaba ezahlukahlukene zentuthuko, ubude bezinkathi ezingefani, izikhathi zokugcina kanye nobuningi bokwenzeka kwezimo zebhayoloji.
I-phenology yomvini
Sizobiza izigaba ze-phenology yomvini ukunikeza isibonelo sokuthi ilusizo kangakanani.
- Ubusika ihlumela
- Umvini okhalayo
- I-yolk evuvukile
- Amathiphu aluhlaza
- Kuvela amaqabunga okuqala (amaqabunga angenayo)
- Isandiso seLeaf
- Amaqoqo okuqala
- Ama-racemes aqhubeka ngokuhlukana (angama-inflorescence)
- Izimbali eziqhakazile (amaqoqo akhule ngokuphelele
- Ukuwa kwama-stamens abunile (kubizwa ngokuthi yi-curdling)
- Ukuvalwa kweqoqo (ukwanda ngosayizi wezithelo)
- Ukuqala kwe-veraison (ukulahleka kwe-chlorophyll)
- Ukuvuthwa
- Ukuwa kweLeaf
Esigabeni ngasinye somvini unga yazi ukusebenza nokuthuthuka kwezingxenye zayo. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ukuze ugweme ezinye izinambuzane nezifo futhi ukwandise ukukhulelwa kwabo nokunisela. Isikhathi ngasinye sonyaka kudinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile futhi, ngakho-ke, kufanele ubagcine benakekelwa kahle.
Ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-phenology yezinto eziphilayo.