Kuyini ukushisa, kukalwa kanjani futhi kwenzelwa ini?

Okwezemeteorology, isayensi, ukutadisha kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nemvelo futhi, kukonke, impilo yansuku zonke, kubalulekile ukwazi izinga lokushisa. Ithempelesha impahla ebonakalayo engalinganiswa futhi ukuba usizo kwayo kukhulu kakhulu ekuqondeni izinto eziningi kule planethi.

Kubhekwa nokuhlukahluka okubalulekile kwesimo sezulu futhi yingakho sizogcizelela zonke izici zokushisa. Yini okudingeka uyazi ngokushisa?

Izinga lokushisa nokubaluleka kwalo

Emhlabeni kuyaziwa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lingesinye sezilinganiso ukuthi kusetshenziselwa okuningi ukuchaza nokuchaza isimo somkhathi. Ezindabeni, lapho kukhulunywa ngesimo sezulu, kuhlale kunesigaba esinikezelwe emazingeni okushisa esizoba nawo, ngoba kubalulekile ukuze kuchazwe isimo sezulu sezulu sendawo yethu. Izinga lokushisa lishintsha usuku lonke, liyahluka ngezinsuku ezinamafu, noma ngomoya, ebusuku, ukusuka enkathini eyodwa kuye kwenye, ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, njll. Asisoze saba nokushisa okulinganayo nokuzinzile amahora amaningi.

Kwesinye isikhathi, sithola ukuthi ebusika amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kuka-0 ° C kanti ehlobo ezindaweni eziningi (futhi ngokuya ngenxa yokushisa komhlaba) ayakhuphuka futhi abekwe ngaphezu kuka-40 ° C. Ku-physics, izinga lokushisa lichazwa njengobuningi obuhlobene izinhlayiya ezakha udaba kufanele zisheshe kangakanani. Lapho ukuxokozela okuthe xaxa lezi zinhlayiya zinakho, izinga lokushisa liyanda. Yingakho uma sigodola sihlikihla izandla zethu, ngoba ukungqubuzana okuqhubekayo nokunyakaza kwezinhlayiya ezakha isikhumba sethu kubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa likhuphuke bese sifudumala.

Sikala kanjani izinga lokushisa?

Ukuze silinganise izinga lokushisa, kufanele sincike kuzakhiwo ezibalulekile lapho ziguqulwa izinguquko ezikuzo. Lokho wukuthi, kuze kube muva nje, izinga lokushisa lalilinganiswa ngama-thermometer e-mercury, ngokususelwa ekwandisweni kwensimbi ye-mercury ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa. Ngale ndlela, esikalini sama-degree Celsius, singazi ukuthi singakanani amazinga okushisa esiyikho noma kuyinto ethile.

Ezinye izindlela zokukala izinga lokushisa ngokususelwa kuzici zendaba ngokuhlaziya ukumelana kukagesi kwezinye izinto, ivolumu yomzimba, umbala wento, njll.

Amazinga okushisa aphezulu nobuncane besimo sezulu

Izazi zezulu zivame ukukhuluma ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi aphansi. Futhi kujwayelekile kakhulu kwezemeteorology ukukhuluma ngayo amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nobuncane, yamanani aphakeme kakhulu futhi aphansi kakhulu aqoshiwe esikhathini esithile, njll. Ngalezi zilinganiso, kudalwa amarekhodi okushisa asetshenziselwa ukukala izici zesimo sezulu sesifunda. Yingakho uma sikhuluma ngomuntu wesimo sezulu sikhuluma ngesimo sezulu futhi uma sikhuluma ngamazinga okushisa nokushisa komhlaba sikhuluma ngesimo sezulu.

Ukukala la mazinga okushisa aphezulu, kusetshenziswa ama-thermometer aphezulu nobuncane.

• I-thermometer ephezulu iqukethe i-thermometer ejwayelekile, ishubhu lakhona eliminyaniswe ngaphakathi eduze kwethangi: lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ukunwetshwa kwe-mercury ethangini kududula ngamandla anele ukunqoba ukumelana okuphikiswa ukuminyaniswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla nobuningi bezinkontileka ze-mercury, ikholomu iyaqhekeka, ishiya, ngakho-ke, ukuphela kwayo kwamahhala endaweni esezingeni eliphakeme kunazo zonke ebikade ikuyo phakathi nesikhathi sonke.
• I-thermometer encane utshwala futhi inenkomba yoqweqwe lwawo efakwe kuketshezi ngaphakathi. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, utshwala budlula phakathi kwezindonga zeshubhu nenkomba, futhi abunyakazi; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho izinga lokushisa lincipha, utshwala budonsela inkomba ekunyakazeni kwayo emuva ngoba ihlangabezana nokumelana okukhulu nokushiya uketshezi. Indawo,

Sikala izinga lokushisa kumaphi amayunithi?

Cishe konke ubuningi bomzimba kunamayunithi wokulinganisa ahlukile ngokuya ngesilinganiso ofuna ukukala ngaso. Izinga lokushisa alihlukile ngakho-ke sinezinyathelo ezintathu zokukala izinga lokushisa:

• Isikali ngo-degrees Celsius (° C): Siqukethe ukuhlukaniswa okujwayelekile kube yizikhawu eziyi-100, lapho u-0 ehambelana nendawo ebandayo yamanzi ne-100 endaweni ebilayo. Ivezwa ngama-degree centigrade futhi yiyona esivame ukuyisebenzisa.
• Isikali seFahrenheit (ºF): Isetshenziswa kakhulu e-United States. I-thermometer ithweswa iziqu phakathi kuka-32ºF (ohambelana no-0ºC) no-212ºF (ohambelana no-100ºC).
• Isikali sikaKelvin (K): Yisilinganiso esisetshenziswa kakhulu ososayensi. Yisikali esingenawo amanani amabi wokushisa futhi u-zero waso usesimweni lapho izinhlayiya ezakha into ethile zingahambi khona. Iphuzu lamanzi abilayo lihambisana no-373 K nendawo ebandayo ibe ngu-273 K. Ngakho-ke, ushintsho lwesilinganiso esingu-1 esikalini sikaKelvin lufana nokuguqulwa kwezinga elingu-1 esikalini sikaCelsius.

Sazi kanjani ukuthi sikala izinga lokushisa kahle?

Enye yezinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ulinganisa izinga lokushisa lomoya sazi lapho kufanele sibeke khona i-thermometer ukukala ngokunembile nangendlela efanele inani lokushisa. Ngokuya ngendawo nokuphakama esikubeka kuyo, kungasidalela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, uma siyibeka eduze kodonga, izolinganisa izinga layo lokushisa; uma ivezwa umoya izomaka inani elilodwa futhi uma livikelwe lizomaka elinye; Uma ingaphansi kwesenzo esiqondile selanga, izomunca imisebe yelanga futhi izofudumeza kungabikho lutho olungenelelayo lomoya, okukhombisa izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kunalelo lomoya.

Ukugwema zonke lezi zinkinga nokuthi izazi zezulu emhlabeni wonke zingaqhathanisa izilinganiso zazo zodwa futhi zibe nemininingwane ethembekile, iWorld Meteorological Organisation isungule imihlahlandlela yokukala izinga lokushisa ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Ama-thermometer kufanele singeniswe umoya, sivikeleke emvuleni nasemisebeni yelanga eqondile, nasendaweni ephakeme ukusuka emhlabathini (ukuze amandla amuncwa ngumhlaba emini angashintshi izilinganiso).

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, izinga lokushisa liyinto ebalulekile emvelweni yezulu futhi kungenxa yalawa marekhodi okushisa okutholwa idatha yesimo sezulu seplanethi. Ngokubuka izinguquko kwesimo sezulu esikhiqizwa ngabantu, singasebenza ezindaweni ezithinteke kakhulu.

Uma futhi ufuna ukwazi ukuthi umuzwa oshisayo ubalwa kanjani, unganqikazi ukuchofoza lapha:

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ukubala kanjani ukubanda komoya?