Olunye ulwandlekazi, nangona lusenokungabonakali ngathi lutyebile kwindalo kwaye lusebenza kakuhle kwimozulu yeplanethi nguLwandlekazi iAntarctic. Kukwaziwa nangamagama oLwandlekazi lwaseMazantsi kunye noLwandlekazi lwaseMazantsi. Olunye lolwandle oluthathelwe ingqalelo njengolwandle kwindawo yokugqibela. Sizahlula kwabanye kuba yiyo kuphela enqamle ilizwekazi kwaye ilirhangqe ngokupheleleyo.
Kule posi siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu, izinto eziphilayo kunye nezinye iimfihlo zoLwandlekazi lweAntarctic.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Olu lwandle lubekwe kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi eplanethi yethu. Umda wolu lwandle kukudibana kweAntarctic Ime malunga ne-60 degrees kumazantsi elwandle kunye nonxweme lweAntarctica. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kukuphela kolwandle olukwaziyo ukulijikeleza ngokupheleleyo ilizwekazi. Ngesi sizathu igubungela yonke imimandla yelizwekazi iAntarctica. Lulwandle oludibanisa izitya zolwandle ezisemazantsi kunye nomphezulu wolwandle kunye nemaleko enzulu yamanzi.
Indawo iyonke yoLwandlekazi iAntarctic yi-21.960.000 yeekhilomitha zesikwere. Njengazo zonke iilwandle eziseplanethi, ikwanazo neelwandle ezininzi ngaphakathi kuyo. Kule meko sifumana i-Weddell Seas, uLwandle lwe-Lazarev, uLwandle i-Riiser-Larsen, ulwandle i-Amundsen, uLwandle lwe-cosmonauts, uLwandle lweNtsebenziswano, uLwandle lwe-Davis, i-Bransfield Strait, inxalenye yeNdawo IDrake, uLwandle iUrville, uLwandle lwaseSomov, inxalenye yoLwandle lwaseScotland kunye noLwandle iRoss.
Enye enkulu imisinga yolwandle Umhlaba wethu ulapha. Iyaziwa njenge-Antarctic Circumpolar yangoku kwaye inefuthe elibonakalayo kwimozulu yeplanethi. Kwaye oku kungoku kunxibelelana nolwandle kunye nefuthe kwimozulu. Oku kungoku kuthwala i-cubic metres eyi-135-145 yezigidi zamanzi ngomzuzwana ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma kunye neekhilomitha ezingama-20,000 0.5 zeAntarctic ngesantya seemitha ezi-XNUMX ngomzuzwana.
Owona msebenzi uphambili weAntarctic Circumpolar yangoku kukusasaza bonke ubushushu bamanzi phakathi kwenye indawo kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Olu tshintsho lobushushu lubangela umohluko kumaqondo obushushu emizimba yamanzi. Oku kwaziwa njengegradient yobushushu. Njengoko sisazi, xa kuthelekiswa umahluko kubushushu bamanzi kunye nomoya, iintshukumo ezithile zomoya zenzeka ngoxinzelelo lomoya. Kwaye kukuba imimoya ijikeleza ukusuka apho kukho uxinzelelo lweatmosferi enkulu ukuya apho kukho uxinzelelo lomhlaba oluncinci.
Konke oku kushukuma kobunzima bamanzi kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo yile nto inayo Ukuphazamiseka kwimvula nakwiindlela zesaqhwithi.
Iipropathi zoLwandlekazi lweAtlantic
Ukuba sihlalutya yonke imilinganiselo yolwandle sibona ukuba sinobunzulu obuphakathi kwe-4.000 kunye ne-5.000 yeemitha kwaye sigubungela ngokupheleleyo iikhilomitha ezili-17.968 zonxweme lwase-Antarctic. Kwiindawo ezikufutshane nelizwekazi iAntarctic sifumana Iqonga lelizwekazi emalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-260 ububanzi ngokomndilili kunye nobuninzi beekhilomitha ezingama-2.600. Kuwo wonke lo mmandla sifumana ubutyebi obukhulu benzululwazi kunye nemithombo yendalo.
Ubushushu beli lwandle buqheleke phakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwi-2 degrees. Ngaphandle kwento onokucinga ngayo ngamaqondo obushushu asezantsi olwandle, aluzange lube ngumkhenkce ngokupheleleyo. Umahluko womkhenkce kwimozulu yommandla weAntarctic kuthetha ukuba olu lwandle alunamoya okanye amaza omoya anamandla kuba la maqondo obushushu ayaphikisana phakathi kwawo. Singafumana ngexesha lobusika ukusuka kuma-65 degrees kumazantsi el latitude ukusuka kwiPasifiki indawo engama-55 degrees emazantsi e-Atlantic Ocean kwingingqi yolwandle.
Ubusika lixesha apho amanzi kunxweme lwe-Antarctica ebanda ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwezinye iindawo. Ityuwa esemanzini iphantsi njengokuba sisondela emantla kufutshane neAntarctic Convergence. Kwezi ndawo amanzi abandayo athanda ukutshona phantsi kwamanzi angenabanda kangako avela kwindibaniselwano. Kwaye amanzi anamaqondo obushushu asezantsi anzima kwaye athanda ukwehla kubunzulu. Ngokwahlukileyo, abo banamaqondo aphezulu obushushu bahlala bonyukela phezulu. Le ntshukumo yamanzi ibangela imisinga yolwandle.
Kolu lwandle sifumana idiphozithi enkulu enekhabhoni malunga namaxesha angama-50 kunaleyo esemoyeni.
Ukubaluleka kwezoqoqosho kolwandle iAntarctic
Njengoko kulindelwe, abantu basebenzise bonke oovimba bendalo kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezikhoyo kule ndawo. Imveliso ayikho phezulu kakhulu ngenxa yamanqanaba asezantsi entsimbi kunye nokukhanya kwelanga. Inani eliphantsi lemitha yelanga ayibangelwa kuphela kukuthambekela okufika kuyo imitha yelanga xa ikwindawo esemazantsi, kodwa ikwakhona Inxulumene nesixa esikhulu sobumnyama obukhoyo kweli lizwekazi. Nangona kunjalo, lulwandle olunomxholo ophezulu wezakhamzimba kunye namaqhuqhuva emanganizi kunye neoyile kunye negesi yendalo enokubakho.
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, yindawo enezinto ezahlukeneyo zendalo ngaphezulu kwe-10.000 yeendidi ezilungelelaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo kwezi meko. Phakathi kwale fauna sifumana oonombombiya, iminenga, amatywina, iskwidi, iAntantic krill kunye neentlanzi ezininzi.
Ukuloba kwezi ndawo kunesiqhamo. Phakathi kweentlobo zezinto ekulotywa kuzo kakhulu sine-hake ne-krill. Kukho amazibuko amabini kulo mmandla: Mcmurdo kunye noPalmer. La machweba afakwe kwiindawo ezithile zokumisa elunxwemeni. Kungenxa yokuba ayingawo onke amanzi oLwandlekazi iAntarctic ahamba ngenqanawa ngenxa yobukho beebhloko zomkhenkce. Izikhephe kufuneka zikulumkele ukothuka ekulobeni.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga noLwandlekazi lweAntarctic.