Muzvinyorwa zvakawanda zvine chekuita ne nguva yegeological takatumidza mazita kakawanda Gungwa reThetis. Iri igungwa rakashambidza dhorobha reCabra, dhorobha iri riri nzvimbo inofarirwa nevanoziva dzakasiyana siyana. Uye ndezvekuti, munguva dzekare nzvimbo ino yese yaigezwa nemvura inozivikanwa seGungwa reTethys kana gungwa reTethys. Iyo huru muviri wemvura uye sosi yehupenyu yakaratidza nhoroondo uye jogirafi yepasi redu.
Naizvozvo, isu tichazotsaurira chinyorwa ichi kukuudza nezvese hunhu uye kukosha kwaive negungwa raTethys.
Nhoroondo yegungwa reTethys
Gungwa reThetis raive boka hombe remvura raive rakaenzana saizi yeAsia. Yakaumbwa anenge makore anosvika mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emakore apfuura apo makondinendi ese ePasi akabatanidzwa mukondinendi yepamusoro inozivikanwa nezita rekuti Pangea. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti iyi supercontinent yakaumbwa ini ndaive nechimiro C. Panguva iyoyo Gungwa reTethys raive mutumbi wemvura wakasara mukati mekondinendi uye wakakomberedzwa nemativi awo matatu. Yaive yegungwa remukati ine inodziya uye isina kudzika mvura hunhu. Nekudaro, yaive yakazara nezvisikwa zvegungwa, matombo, makorari ane mavara mazhinji, zviwi zvisikwa, nezvimwe.
Muchidimbu, tinogona kutaura kuti Gungwa reThetis raive boka hombe remvura rakaremerwa nezvose zvipenyu nemiti yezvipenyu uye kuti raizove rine mukurumbira chaizvo dai raivapo nhasi. Uku ndiko kuwanda kwezvinhu zvipenyu zvakachengetwa negungwa iri zvekuti zvimwe zvezvisikwa zvinogara mugungwa iri zvakachengetedzwa nhasi kuburikidza nezvisaririra. Ese aya mafossil anogona kuoneka muJurassic Cabra Dudziro Center. Muzinda uno wakafanana nekufamba kuenda kumashure uye kugona kuona zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvaive mugungwa iri.
Isu tinoziva kuti Gungwa reThetis raive mukati meiyo supercontinent, asi kunze kwakange kwakakomberedzwa nemvura. Kune izvi nyanza yainzi Panthalassa uye ndiyo inozivikanwa nhasi sePacific Ocean. Kune vanhu vazhinji vanotenda kuti Pacific Ocean haina kukura sekuita kwayo, asi isu tinofanirwa kuziva kuti inotora chinenge chetatu chepasi rese repasi.
Evhangeri yegungwa reTethys
Isu tinoziva izvozvo nekuda kwe convection mazaya yejasi rePasi pane kufamba kwema tectonic mahwendefa anozivikanwa se Continental Drift. Kukundikana kwemakondinendi kwakakonzera kutsemuka kwepamusoro kondinendi Pangea uye kupatsanurwa kwakatevera uye kusimudzwa kwemahwendefa emakondinendi nekukura kwegungwa. Tinofanira kuziva kuti Gungwa reMediterranean rakatanga kuumbika kubva kugungwa guru reThetis. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvipenyu zviripo muGungwa reMediterranean zvakagara nhaka kubva kuTethys Ocean. Zvisinei, Yakanga isiri iyo Gungwa reMediterranean ratinoziva nhasi, asi, raive muviri wemvura wakafashamira chikamu cheIberian peninsula neEurope, iyo panguva iyoyo yainge isiri chinhu kunze kwezvitsuwa zvezvitsuwa.
Nemhuka dzese, zvirimwa uye matombo aive mukati megungwa rekare reMediterranean, zvaisazivikanwa kuti chii chakaitika kusvikira sainzi yachiwana. Uye nderekuti Gungwa reMediterranean rakaoma. Kunyangwe ichiita senge isingadaviriki, yaive chaiyo chaiyo. Uku kuomeswa kweGungwa reMediterranean kwakakonzerwa nekufamba kwema tectonic mahwendefa. Mahwendefa aya akavhara Rifeño neBeclic straits, ndidzo dzaingova nzvimbo chete apo mvura kubva kuAtlantic yaigona kupinda muGungwa reTethys. Neichi chikonzero, iri rese bheseni reMediterranean ratinoziva nhasi rakava rinoyevedza chena munyu renje. Munyu wese uyu waive uri mumvura yakanyungudutswa. Ino nguva mukuvandudzika kwepasi uye nguva yeiyo inozivikanwa seMessinian Salinity Crisis. Ichi chiitiko chinoshamisa, pamwe chete nemigwagwa, chakaburitsa kutsakatika zvachose kwehupenyu hwese hwemumvura.
Gare gare, mazana emakore akatevera, iyo Strait yeGibraltar yakavhurwa uye iyo Mediterranean yaive ichizadza zvakare nemvura kubva kuAtlantic Ocean. Ndiyo panguva ino apo Gungwa reMediterranean rakaumbwa ratinoziva mumazuva edu richitaridzika semwanakomana weGungwa rekare reThetis.
Mhuka dzeMarine
Tichave tichiziva kuti ndeipi mhuka dzegungwa dzaivepo muGungwa reTethys panguva iyoyo. Makore anosvika makumi mashanu emakore apfuura macetaceans ekutanga akatanga. MaCetaceans ndiwo mhuka dzekutanga dzakakwanisa kunyatsoenderana nehupenyu hwemumvura. Icho chimwe chezvishamiso zvekushanduka kwemarudzi uye nhasi Ivo vanosanganisira huwandu hwakawanda hwemhando dzinogovaniswa mukati megungwa renyika. Gungwa reTethys raisazove shoma. Yaive zvakare imba kuzviuru zvezvisikwa zvinokambaira zvemumvura zvaigara kumahombekombe uye nemvura yakadzika. Ngatione zvimwe zvezvisikwa.
- VaAmoni
- Mixosaurus Ichthyosaur
- Placodont Placodus
- Prolacertiform Tanystropheus
- Sauropterygian Nothosaurus
Zvinozivikanwa kuti guta reCabra neGeopark iyo iri muSubbética yaimbova imba yezvisikwa zvese zvegungwa.
Zita racho ndiani?
Kune vanhu vazhinji vanobvunza kuti sei gungwa iri rakadaidzwa seizvi. Eduard Suess aive anonyanya kuzivikanwa muAustria geologist aifarira nezve nyika ye geology. Kubva pamakore ake makumi mana nemana akatanga kudzidza maplate tectonics zvakadzama uye akaburitsa bhuku Die Enststehung der Alpen. Mubhuku rino zvakaratidzwa kuti mitsara yemakomo yakaumbwa nematanho akatwasuka ayo anoramba pasi, zvichipesana nezvaifungwa panguva iyoyo.
Edward Suess anoenderera mberi nekudzidza geology kusvika makore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu, kwaakashamisazve nzanga yesainzi paakazviona zvisaririra zvakawanikwa mumakomo zvaive zvisikwa zvemugungwa. Nechikonzero ichi, zvaive zvakakosha kuti pave nemvura zhinji yaakabhabhatidza nayo ine zita regungwa reTytis.
Zita raThetis rinouya kubva kune titan uye mvura kubva ipapo uko iyo geologist yakabhabhatidza iri gungwa nezita iri.
Asi kubva kune vachangobva kuumbwa vanogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveGungwa reTethys, hunhu hwayo uye shanduko.