Iyo ozone rukoko ndiyo nzvimbo ichave yekurapa ichave iko uko ozone concentration yakakwira kupfuura zvakajairwa. Rukoko urwu rwunotidzivirira kubva kumwaranzi inokuvadza kubva kumhepo kubva kuzuva. Nekudaro, kuburitswa kwemamwe makemikari zvinhu anozivikanwa nezita rekuti chlorofluorocarbons a yakonzera a gomba muozone layer. Iri gomba rave richizivikanwa kwemakumi emakore uye riri kudzikira nekuda kwemutemo weMontreal.
Muchikamu chino tiri kukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezvegomba mune ozone layer.
Tsanangudzo yeozone layer
Ngatitangei kuti tizive chinonzi ozone layer chii. Iyo mhando yekuchengetedza dura iyo iri mu stratosphere. Iyi nhete yakaita sefaera ye ultraviolet radiation mwenje iyo inokuvadza kune zvipenyu. Izvo hazvishande senhovo kunopesana neiyi ultraviolet radiation nenzira inovimbisa hupenyu pasi pano sekuziva kwedu nhasi.
Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti rukoko urwu rwakakosha kwazvo pakurarama, zvinoita sekunge vanhu vachiri kutsunga kuuparadza. Chlorofluorocarbons Izvo zvinhu zvemakemikari izvo kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana zvinoparadza ozone iripo mu stratosphere. Iyo gasi rakaumbwa ne fluorine, chlorine uye kabhoni. Kana ichi chemikemikari chasvika pa stratosphere inobata photolytically ne ultraviolet radiation kubva kuzuva. Izvi zvinoita kuti morekuru riputse uye ivo vanoda maatomu echlorini. Chlorine inopindirana neozone mu stratosphere, ichikonzera maatomu eoksijeni kuumba uye kuputsa ozone. Nenzira iyi, kuburitswa kwemakemikari aya kuri kuramba kuchikonzera kuparadzwa kweiyo ozone layer.
Uyezve, inofanirwa kutariswa kuti makemikari aya ane hupenyu hwakareba hunoshanda mumhepo. Kutenda kune Montreal protocol, kuburitswa kwemakemikari aya kwakarambidzwa zvachose. Zvisinei, kusvikira nhasi, ozone layer ichiri kukuvara. Buri muozone layer iri kuvandudzika zvinooneka pamusoro pemakumi emakore apfuura. Ngationgororei izvi zvakadzama.
Hole mune ozone layer
Ozone iri mu stratosphere pakakwirira pakati pemakiromita gumi nemashanu nemakumi matatu. Rukoko urwu runoumbwa nemaozone mamorekuru ayo, zvakare, anoumbwa nemaatomu matatu eatomu okisijeni Iko kushanda kweiyi denderedzwa kutora iyo ultraviolet B radiation, inoshanda sefaera yekudzora kukuvara.
Kuparara kweiyo ozone layer kunoitika kana paine makemikari maitiro anokonzera kuparadzwa kweiyi stratospheric ozone. Chiitiko chezuva mwaranzi chinosvinwa neiyo ozone layer uye ndimo umo mamolekemu eozone anoputsika kuburikidza nemwaranzi yeultraviolet B. Kana izvi zvikaitika, mamolekemu eozone anoparadzaniswa ave okisijeni nedhayokisaidhi. Izvi zvinonzi photolysis. Zvinoreva kuputsika kwemolekuru nekuita kwechiedza.
Mhando dzedayoksidi neoksijeni hazvina kunyatsoparadzaniswa, asi dzoka zvakare, uchigadzira ozone zvakare. Iyi nhanho haiwanzo kuitika uye ndizvo zvinokonzeresa maburi muozone layer. Zvinonyanya kukonzera ayo anoparadza ozone layer pamwero wakakurisa inokonzerwa nekubuda kwechlorofluorocarbons. Kunyangwe isu takataura kuti chiitiko chechiedza kubva kuzuva chinoparadza ozone, zvinozviita nenzira yekuti muyero hauna kwazvakarerekera. Ndokunge, huwandu hweozone iyo inotyorwa nefotolisisi yakaenzana kana kushoma pane huwandu hweozone iyo inokwanisa kugadzirwa nekubatana pakati pemamorekuru
Izvi zvinoreva kuti honzeri huru yekuparara kweiyo ozone layer kunokonzerwa nekubuda kwechlorofluorocarbon. World Meteorological Organisation inosimbisa kuti kudzoserwa kweozone layer kuchaitika kutenderera gore ra2050 nekuda kwekurambidzwa kwezvigadzirwa izvi. Ramba uchifunga kuti izvi zvese fungidziro sezvo, kunyangwe aya makemikari akamiswa, anoramba ari mumhepo kwemakumi emakore.
Mhedzisiro yegomba muozone layer
Sezvineiwo, ozone hole inonyanya pamusoro peAntarctica. Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti gasi zhinji dzinokuvadza kuzone layer yakaburitswa munyika dzakasimukira, kune mhepo yemuchadenga inotakura aya magasi akananga kuAntarctica. Zvakare, kune izvi Tinofanira kuwedzera nguva iyo magasi aya anoramba ari mumhepo uye kuti anokwanisa kukuvadza ozone.
Kutenda kune kutenderera kwakawanda kwepasi, aya magasi akabatsirwa kubva kumatembiricha akaderera kumaodzanyemba kwenyika uye akanyanyisa kupwanya iyi ozone. Uye ndeye kuti kuparadzwa kweakataurwa rukoko kana kuchisimbisa iyo yepasi tembiricha. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kudzikira kweakone ozone kuwedzera munguva yechando apo ichapora muchirimo.
Kune mhedzisiro dzakasiyana dzekuderera kana kuparadzwa kweiyo ozone layer. Isu tichaongorora zvavari zvichienderana nekuti ndiani wavanokanganisa.
Mhedzisiro yehutano hwevanhu
- Gomarara reganda: Ndicho chimwe chezvirwere zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvine chekuita nemwaranzi yeultraviolet B. Inofanirwa kupisa zuva nekudzivirirwa nekuti hosha yacho isingaoneke panguva ino, asi pamusoro pemakore.
- Immune system kubatanidzwa: Kuita pane muviri zvishoma nezvishoma kunodzora kugona kuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvinotapukira.
- Kuona kusagadzikana: inogona kutungamira kumakata uye presbyopia kazhinji.
- Zvinetso zvekufema: Mamwe matambudziko iasima nekuda kwekuwedzera kweozone munzvimbo dzakadzika dzemuchadenga.
Mhedzisiro pamhuka dzepanyika uye dzegungwa
Iyo inokanganisa zvisizvo mhuka dzese uye ine mhedzisiro yakafanana kune vanhu. Kana zviri mhuka dzegungwa, mwaranzi iyi inosvika pamusoro nenzira inobata zvakananga phytoplankton mumakungwa. Iyi phytoplankton ine vanhu vayo yakaderedzwa kusvika padanho zvekuti inokanganisa cheni yekudya.
Mhedzisiro pane zvinomera
Iko kuitika kweiyi inokuvadza ultraviolet radiation kunokanganisa kukura kwemarudzi emiti, zvichikonzera kutumbuka uye nguva dzekukura kwavo dzakasiyana. Zvese izvi zvinokanganisa kudzikiswa kwemiti nezvirimwa.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve iro gomba mune ozone rukoko.