Tauraruwa masu zagayawa

Lokacin da muke magana akan taurari na sararin samaniya zamu iya bincika nau'ikan daban-daban. Daya daga cikin sanannun sanannun nau'ikan sune kewayen taurari. Nau'in taurari ne wanda mutane da yawa basu sani ba amma hakan yana da mahimmanci. Sun kasance ƙasa da digiri 30 daga murabba'in yankin arewa ko kuma yankin kudu. Daya daga cikin sanannun taurari a cikin wannan tauraron tauraron dan adam shine Pole Star.

A cikin wannan labarin zamu bayyana duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da taurarin dawafi da mahimmancin su.

Halaye na taurari da taurari

Idan muka ce muna nazarin taurari muna nufin ƙungiyar taurari waɗanda ke da alaƙa da juna ba tare da dalili ba kuma da keɓaɓɓiyar sifa. Kuma an samo su ne ta hanyar layuka da layin da zasu iya ƙirƙirar siffa, silhouette ko siffofin abubuwa, mutane ko zane mara kyau. Akwai nau'ikan taurari da yawa dangane da siffofi da adadin taurarin da suka tsara shi. Akwai wasu taurari suna da siffa fiye da taurari 200 kodayake galibi suna da ɗan ƙasa kaɗan.

Wasu suna da sauƙin ganewa a cikin sararin samaniya saboda kyawawan taurari waɗanda suke cikin ƙawancen taurari guda ɗaya kuma ana kiran su taurarin alfa. Taurari na ƙungiyar tauraruwa ɗaya na iya zama ɓangare na wasu kuma sun kasu kashi daban-daban. Yawancin rukunin taurari an rarraba su gwargwadon yanayin sararin samaniya. Muna da tauraruwar burda, taurari na kudu, taurarin zodiac da taurarin dawafi.

Constungiyoyin taurari na zodiac sanannu ne sosai tunda suma suna da ma'ana mai yawa tare da alamun zodiac da kuma manyan labarai na almara. Taurarin masu dawafi sune wadanda ke nesa da aƙalla aƙalla murabba'i 30 daga zangon arewa ko kuma kudu. Su ne mafi kusa da sandunan. Daya daga cikin taurarin da yake mallakar wadannan shahararrun taurarin a duniya shine tauraron dan adam.

Taurarin tauraron dan adam na arewacin duniya

Zamu binciko taurari 8 wadanda suke zagaye da na Arctic Circle, wadanda suke a dogayen arewa da kuma yankunan arewa.

• Babban Bear: Ita wannan tauraron tauraron wanda aka kuma san shi da sunan Ursa Major, saboda shine sunan Latin. Shine mafi kyawun sani a cikin sammai. Ana iya ganin sa duk tsawon shekara a arewacin duniya kuma ya kunshi taurari kusan 209 wanda 18 daga cikin su sune manya.
• Little Bear: Wata ɗayan sanannun taurari ne a cikin duniya kuma suna ɗaya daga cikin mafi wakiltar yankin arewacin duniya. Tana da taurari 7 ne kawai wadanda suka samar da silba ta amalanke ko mota, shi yasa ma ake kiranta da tauraron motar. Tana can cikin arewacin duniya kuma tauraron dan adam yana nan. Shine wanda yake taimakawa koyaushe nuna yankin arewa kuma ba shi yiwuwa a kiyaye daga yankin kudu.
• Cassiopeia: ɗayan ɗayan taurari ne waɗanda ke cikin babban kundin tarihin Ptolemy. Taurari ne wanda ya kunshi manyan taurari guda 5 a cikin surar M ko W, wanda ƙarshen sa yake nuni zuwa tauraron arewa. Wannan tauraron yana daga rukuni na 88 na taurarin zamani masu taurari. Ana samun sa a cikin sararin samaniya na arewacin.
• Arewa Pole Star: Tauraruwa mai walƙiya wacce take kusa da yankin arewa. A yau mun ga cewa tauraron Polaris ya rufe wannan matsayin wanda kuma aka san shi da sunan Alpha Ursa Minoris. Na mallakar kungiyar tauraron Ursa Minananan kuma shine mafi haske daga cikinsu.

Taurarin tauraron dan adam na kudancin duniya

A cikin kudanci kuma ana kiran taurarin dawafi meridians kuma sun wanzu ne a cikin taurari 6 kawai waɗanda suke iya ɗaukar matsayinsu na masu hangen nesa na hemisphere. Bari mu bincika kowane ɗayansu:

• Crux: an san shi da sunan ƙungiyar taurari na Kuros ta Kudu, wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun Pole ta Kudu. Ana amfani dashi don gano sandar saman kudu mai tauraruwa mai haske. Tauraruwa mafi kyawu a cikin wannan tauraruwa ana kiranta Acrux. Wannan tauraron ya kunshi manyan taurari 4 kuma shine mafi kankantar tauraruwa a cikin dukkanin taurari a sararin sama a yau.
• Carina: Yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun taurari don a baya ƙirƙirar babban tauraron Nave Argos. An kasa shi zuwa wasu kananan taurari 4 wadanda aka san su da sunayen Vela, Puppis, Pyxis da Carina. Wannan tauraron tauraron yana da tauraro na biyu mafi haskakawa a duk sararin samaniya. An san shi da sunan Alpha Carinae. A cikin wannan ƙungiyar tauraruwar tauraruwa Canopo. Wannan sunan ya fito ne daga mai binciken jirgin Menelaus, sarkin Sparta.
• Tauraruwar Kudu Ta Kudu: sA halin yanzu an san shi da sunan Meridian Polar Star. Wannan yana nufin cewa yana cikin yankin kudu musamman musamman a yankin mafi kusa da yankin kudu. Kodayake wannan tauraron ba a gan shi ba dole ne a gan shi a cikin taurarin Cruz del Sur. Yana da muhimmin tauraro da aka sani da suna Polaris Australis.

Wasu son sani

Taurarin kewaye suna da wasu abubuwan sha'awa saboda shine koyaushe zamu gansu. Ana iya yin nazarin su a kowane lokaci na rana, idan ba don rana ba. Bugu da kari, ana iya kallon su a kowane lokaci na shekara. Ana kiransu da haka saboda suna cikin yankunan hemispheres kusa da sandunan kuma suna jujjuya tauraron sandar.

Saboda juyawar duniyarmu ya ba mu jin cewa sama ma tana zagaye da sandunan sama. Wannan ya sa muka ga hakan taurari suna bayyana suyi cikakken juyi kowane awa 24. A wannan juzu'in mun hada da tauraron dan adam, kodayake ba a kera shi daidai da sandar arewacin ba. Koyaya, yana bayanin kewayawa a kusa da sandar da kusan ba zai yiwu ba.

Dogaro da latitude wanda muke yanzu a cikin wasu taurari waɗanda zasu rubuta baka a sama, yayin da akwai wasu da zasu kwatanta dawafi a kusa da sandar sama, waɗannan sune taurarin kewaya.

Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da taurarin dawafi.