A yau za mu yi magana game da wani tsaunin dutse wanda ke da mahimmancin gaske a yankin Iberian. Labari ne game da Dutsen Duniya. Tsarin tsaunuka ne wanda ke kudu maso gabas na Tsarin Iberian. Extensionarinsa ya ƙunshi babban yanki na yankin Aragonese, Sierra de Albarracín a Teruel da yankin kudu maso gabashin Alto Tajo, tsakanin Guadalajara da Cuenca. Yanki ne da aka san shi da yawancin hanyoyin yawo da yawon shakatawa na karkara.
A cikin wannan labarin zaku koya game da halaye da yanayin ƙasa na tsaunukan Universal da ɗayan mafi kyawun hanyoyin yawo da zaku iya yi. Kuna so ku sani? Mun bayyana komai anan.
Babban fasali
Duwatsu na Duniya suna da wasu halaye masu ƙarfi na yankunan tsaunuka na ƙasar Sifen. Kololuwa wadanda ta mallaka sune tsakanin tsayin 1.600 da 1.935. A cikin waɗannan tsaunukan akwai asalin kogin Guadalaviar. Ana kiran wannan kogin da suna Turia da zarar ya haɗu da kogin Alfambra a cikin garin Teruel.
Duk tsaunukan da suke cikin wannan tsarin an tsara su a arewa maso yamma zuwa kudu maso gabas a cikin yankin na cikin Iberiya. A arewa maso gabas yana iyakance tare da Caimodorro massif wanda aka kiyasta shekarunsa daga Paleozoic. Bugu da kari, shima yana kan iyaka da Loma Alta de Villar del Cobo. Zuwa kudu maso gabas, suna karo da tsaunukan Cuenca da gabas tare da kwarin Guadalaviar.
Muna cikin tarihinsa zuwa wani muhimmin kogi na Alto Tajo. An haife shi a cikin kirjin tsaunukan Duniya kuma, saboda wannan dalili, sananne ne sosai. Kogin Tagus shine mafi girma a duk yankin teku. Hakanan suna da Levantines waɗanda suka hada da Turia da Júcar.
Amma ga jerin tsaunukan tsaunuka, an kafa su ne ta hanyar taan ƙasa waɗanda suke zuwa daga Mesozoic. Wasu yankuna suna da fararen farar ƙasa daga Jurassic tare da wadataccen karin abinci. Yankin Karst shine sananne mafi kyau don ƙirƙirar ta musamman. A cikin Loma Alta da Griegos mun sami yalwar filayen nutsewa da lapiaz.
A kudu na Paleozoic tsakiya wasu daidaitattun maganganu na asalin Cretaceous sunyi daidaito. Wasu masanan da ke da ƙoshin lafiya sun fito sun sauka ta ɓangaren kwatankwacin shimfiɗar shimfiɗar jariri, saboda ƙirƙirar aladu. A cikin karst tsakiya mun sami nutsewar ruwa wadanda suke da wasu kwasa-kwasan kogi. Shugaban waɗannan kwasa-kwasan suna cikin tsaunukan Duniya.
Montes Universales, inda aka haifi Tagus
Ba wai kawai kogin Tagus ba ne aka haife shi a cikin Montes Universales (wanda aka sani da mafi tsayi a cikin dukkan tsibiran) har ma da Cabriel da Guadalaviar. Wannan ya sa tsaunukan Universal suna da niyyar yawon bude ido tare da kauyukan karkara, yawon shakatawa da kiyaye yawon shakatawa. Don haya akwai ƙananan ɗakuna da yawa don yin hutun ƙarshen mako tare da dangi da abokai, manyan hanyoyi masu kyau da kuma cikakken wuri don jin daɗin yanayi da kawar da wajibai.
A cikin wadannan yankuna, gine-ginen gargajiya da ke dauke mu daga yankunan zamani sun yi fice. Zamu iya ganin manyan ayyuka a cikin layin dogo, shimfidar shimfidar wurare masu daɗi da dazuzzuka, da dai sauransu. Bugu da ari, transhumance da aka aikata a zamanin da. Wannan shimfidar wuri yana cikin jituwa godiya ga raƙuman ruwa da raƙuman ruwa waɗanda ke haifar da sifofin gaske na gaske. Ya cancanci hutawa da jin daɗin yanayi.
Hakanan akwai gidajen adana kayan tarihi, dandano na kayan marmari na gari da yawa, da yawo da hanyoyin keke a cikin ƙauyuka. Zamuyi bayani dalla-dalla kan ɗayan hanyoyin mafi kyawu da za'a iya aiwatarwa ta tsaunukan Duniya.
Hanyar wucewa ta tsaunukan Duniya
Hanyar tana ɗauke da cikakken mako. Shawarwarin shine a fara hanya ta cikin Mirador del Portillo. Zamu iya barin motar muyi tafiya zuwa mahangar da ke da sharadi. Tana kan tsayin mita 1.800, wanda zai ba mu shimfidar wurare masu ban mamaki na yanayi da duk abin da ke kewaye da shi. Daga wannan lokacin, zamu iya gano wasu wuraren abubuwan ban sha'awa albarkacin kasancewar wasu bangarori masu nuna alama waɗanda ke nuna mana inda ya kamata mu jaddada ganin mu.
Muna ci gaba a kan hanya don gangara zuwa kwarin Tagus. A wannan yankin mun sami canjin makiyaya da gandun daji na Pine. Tashar da aka haifa da Kogin Tagus tana da cikakkiyar alama kuma muna iya ganin ta sosai. Wannan wurin shine inda kogin ya fara karbar gudummawar farko na ruwa na ɗan lokaci. Kodayake an kidaya shi azaman tushen Tagus, ba za ku iya ganin tsayayyen kogi ba, amma ita ce gudummawar ruwa ta farko da zata fara gudana daga wannan wurin har zuwa tafiya 1072 kilomita a cikin Spain har zuwa Lisbon.
Muna ci gaba da ci gaba tare da hanya a cikin hanyar Frías de Albarracín. Muna tafiya kilomita 3 kafin mu isa garin kuma mun same ku tare da wasu gandun daji na pine waɗanda suke kama da babban rami a ƙasa. Shine Sima de Frías. An kare ganuwar ta shinge na katako. Yana da mita 80 a diamita kuma kusan zurfin mita 60. Idan muna son ganinsa kwata-kwata da kyau, dole ne mu kewaye shi.
Da rana za mu sami shirin nutsuwa sosai. Za mu ziyarci garin Girkawa da duk yanayin. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman wurare a cikin yankin teku. Tsayinsa yakai mita 1600. Za ku ga kanku kewaye da wuraren kiwo inda akwai shanu da yawa.
Rana ta biyu na hanya
Mun tashi neman Campo de Dolinas de Villar del Cobo. Za mu ga babban baƙin ciki na kusan mita 350 da mita 50 mai zurfin tare da ƙananan ciyayi. Wadannan girman suna ba da mamaki har ma da kyamara wacce ba za ta iya ɗaukar komai ba.
Zamu iya kammala safiya ta ziyarta Gidan Tarihi na Trashumacia wanda ke tsakiyar garin Guadalaviar. Arshen ƙarshen mako, za mu ziyarci garin Villar del Cobo inda za mu ga misalai na gine-ginen gargajiya tare da fararnn fari da kuma inda aikin ƙarfe ya yi fice.
Ina fatan cewa tare da waɗannan nasihun zaku iya jin daɗin ƙarshen mako a cikin tsaunukan Duniya.