A cikin yanayin yanayi yana da mahimmanci nazarin canje-canje na zahiri da yanayi ke faruwa a ainihin lokacin don hango abin da zai faru. Yanayin matsakaiciya ce inda sauƙin jama'a ke faruwa cikin sauƙi. Ta wannan hanyar, ana ba da izinin musayar zafi ta hanyar motsi da a tsaye. Jigilar yanayin zafin yanayi na iska da ake kira advection. Adveve shine makasudin wannan labarin.
Zamu binciko mahimmancin sanin adbe ɗin da ke cikin yanayi domin sanin yanayin yanayi da canje-canje a yanayin. Shin kuna son ƙarin koyo game da shi? Yakamata ku ci gaba da karatu 🙂
Menene advection
A yanayin yanayi abu ne sananne a yi amfani da kalmar convection don tsara motsi a tsaye. Ofimar saurin waɗannan motsi bai wuce gaba ɗaya ba zuwa ɗari na motsi na kwance. Sabili da haka, ana iya lura cewa giragizai masu tasowa a tsaye sun ƙirƙira a hankali kuma suna iya ɗaukar tsawon yini.
Motsi a kwance na yawan iska yana faruwa a babban sikelin a duniya. Shine wanda ke jigilar makamashin zafi daga yankuna masu zafi zuwa yankuna na polar. Suna da ikon tura makamashi daga wannan duniya zuwa wancan, suna tafiya dubban kilomita nesa. Wannan jigilar kai tsaye ce advection kuma tana da mahimmanci da tsauri sosai fiye da hanyoyin iska na tsaye.
A cikin yanayin yanayi da yanayin halittar teku, ana ambaton advection zuwa safarar wasu kadarorin sararin samaniya ko teku, kamar zafi, zafi ko gishiri. Samun yanayi ko yanayin sararin samaniya yana bin saman isobaric saboda haka galibi a kwance yake. Hakan yayi daidai da jigilar duk wani yanayi mai iska ta iska.
Halayen Advection
Don fahimtar wannan batun sosai zamu ba da wasu misalai na ɗumi da sanyi sanyi. Shawara mai daɗi ita ce zafin da iska ke ɗauke da shi zuwa wani wuri. Akasin haka, advection sanyi shine safarar sanyi zuwa wasu wurare. Koyaya, dukansu jigilar kuzari ne tunda, kodayake iska tana cikin ƙananan zafin jiki, har yanzu tana da kuzari.
A cikin tsinkayen yanayi, kalmar advection tana nufin safarar wani girma da aka bayar ta bangaren iska. Idan muna da sanyin sanyi, to yakan karkata zuwa danshi. Lokacin da akwai advection mai dumi, yakan faru ne akan ƙasa mai sanyi da tekuna kuma sanyaya na faruwa daga ƙasa.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da sandaro
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan ruwa na ruwa. Na farko shine ta hanyar radiation kuma na biyu ta advection. Hakanan ana iya yin tururin ruwa ta hanyar haɗuwa da iska da sanyaya ta hanyar faɗaɗa adiabatic. Na karshen shine sanadin mafi girman tsarin girgije.
A cikin sanyaya advection, ana jigilar ɗumbin iska mai dumi a kwance, ƙarawa sama da saman mai sanyaya ko yanayin iska.. Saboda cudanya tsakanin kulluka mai dumi da sanyi, zafin jikin iska na dumin dumin ya sauke don dacewa da mai sanyi. Ta wannan hanyar gajimare zai fara samuwa, matuqar raguwar zafin jiki na dumi ya kai matakin raɓa kuma ya cika da ruwa.
Sanyin radi yana faruwa lokacin da rana ta dumama duniya. Layer mafi kusa da farfajiyar ta fara zafi a sakamakon haka. Saboda wannan dalili, kumfar iska mai zafi takan samar kuma, saboda ƙanƙancin ƙimar shi, yakan karkata har sai ya haɗu da mafi girma da kuma mafi sanyi matakan. Lokacin da suka isa manyan matakan, zazzabin yakan fara sauka kuma zasu zama wadatattu, sanya su cikin gajimare.
Adiabatic sanyaya
Hakan ya faru ne saboda bambancin yanayin zafin jiki saboda raguwar matsin yanayi yayin da mutum ke hawa cikin tsawo. Yawancin raƙuman ruwa na tsaye na iya canza wannan sanyaya, wanda aka fi sani da ɗan tanda mai ba da izini na mahalli.
Lokacin da iska ta tashi, matsin yanayi na raguwa. A saboda wannan dalili, motsin rai da rikicewar ƙwayoyin suma suna raguwa, don haka sanyaya iska. Kamar yadda ya saba yawanci yana saukowa kusan digiri 6,5 na kowane kilomita na tsawo.
Idan iska ta bushe, digon zafin jiki ya fi yawa (kusan digiri 10 ga kowane kilomita a tsayi). Akasin haka, idan iska ta cika, asalinsa zai kasance kawai digiri 5 a kowace kilomita.
Girgije yana tattare da saiti na ƙaramar ruwa mai ƙyama, ƙankara ko cakuda duka. An samar dasu ne ta hanyar sanya iskar ruwa a cikin yanayi. Wannan yana haifar da advection don ɗaukar sanyi daga gajimare zuwa sauran yanayi da yadawa.
Canja a cikin zafin jiki saboda advection
Advection yana da raka'a na zafin jiki wanda aka raba shi lokaci daya. Yana nuna banbancin yanayin zafi wanda yanayi ke fuskanta saboda iskar da ke dauke da iska a yanayi daban-daban.
Idan, alal misali, a wurin da muke auna iska ya zo daga yankin da ya fi sanyi, za mu sami sanyaya kuma advection na zazzabi zai zama lamba mara kyau wacce za ta gaya mana daidai adadin digiri a kowane sashi na lokaci da zafin yake sauka.
Sanyin iska na iya faruwa saboda dalilai daban-daban:
- Saboda dumamar yanayin fuskar duniya free convection ana samar dashi ta hanyar rana.
- Inã magana da asalin ƙasa. Saboda tashin matattakan iska don haye dutsen, toshewar karfi yana faruwa.
- Iska ta tilasta tashi a kusancin bangarorin biyu na zafi da sanyi, yana haifar da motsi na kwance na iska mai sanyi, samarwa ta hanyar motsi a kwance zuwa iska mai dumi don hawa.
Kamar yadda kake gani, yin adve yana da mahimmin mahimmanci don la'akari da yanayin yanayi. Yana da kwanciyar hankali idan ya kasance game da hasashen yanayi da kuma sanin kuzari da kwanciyar hankali na yanayi.