Kunezinto ezingenakubalwa ezimeni zezulu ezichaza izinto eziningi esingazazi nanamuhla. Enye yalezo zinto esingazi ukuthi zisebenza kanjani yilezo zimo lapho umoya ushisa kakhulu kunokujwayelekile lapho kunomoya wasentshonalanga.
Lokhu kungenxa yomphumela we-foehn. Kuyinto eyenzekayo lapho inqwaba yomoya oshisayo nomswakama uphoqeleka ukuba ukhuphuke intaba. Lapho umoya wehla kuwo, wenza kanjalo nomswakama omncane nokushisa okuthe xaxa. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi konke ngomphumela we-foehn?
Kwenzeka kanjani umphumela we-foehn?
ESpain, lapho umoya wasentshonalanga uvunguza ukusuka e-Atlantic Ocean, ubukhulu bomoya kufanele bunqamule izintaba eziningana. Lapho umoya uhlangana nentaba, kuvame ukukhuphuka ukudlula leso sithiyo. Njengoba umoya ukhuphuka phezulu, ulahlekelwa yizinga lokushisa, ngoba i-gradient ye-thermal yemvelo ibangela ukuthi njengoba ukuphakama kukhuphuka, izinga lokushisa liyancipha. Uma isifikile esiqongweni sentaba, iqala ukwehla. Njengoba ubukhulu bomoya behla benyuka intaba, ilahlekelwa umswakama futhi inyuse izinga lokushisa kwayo, ngendlela yokuthi, lapho ifinyelela ngaphezulu, izinga lokushisa kwalo liphakeme kunaleli eliqale ngayo ukukhuphuka intaba.
Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-foehn effect futhi kwenzeka lapha eSpain lapho kuvunguza umoya wasentshonalanga, yize kuyisici cishe sazo zonke izindawo ezinezintaba. Lapho isisindo somoya oshisayo sikhuphukela entabeni, siyanda, ngoba ingcindezi incipha ngokuphakama. Lokhu kubangela ukupholisa futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuncipha okuqhubekayo komphunga wamanzi, okuholela ekukhululweni kokushisa okufihlekile. Umphumela uba ukuthi umoya ophakamayo uveza ukwakheka kwamafu nemvula. Amafu angapheli okuma (phezulu) ajwayelekile.
Imvamisa umphumela we-foehn uhlotshaniswa nokunyakaza kwe-cyclonic futhi kwenzeka kuphela lapho ukusakazwa komoya kunamandla amakhulu ukuthi uyakwazi ukuphoqa umoya ukuthi udlule ngokuphelele entabeni ngesikhathi esifushane.
Umphumela we-foehn emhlabeni jikelele
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umphumela we-foehn kwenzeka cishe kuzo zonke izindawo ezinezintaba zomhlaba, yize umphumela wawo ungowendawo. Umphumela we-foehn nawo uyenzeka ezigodini. Umphumela walo mphumela esigodini ukuthi uphazamisa ngokuphelele induduzo yokushisa. Izimo zokushisa ezansi nezigodi zivame ukungabi namandla kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kuncike kumumo, ukujula, i-morphology (uma kuyisigodi semvelaphi eguqukayo noma imvelaphi yeqhwa), njll. Ngaphezu kwalezi zimo zokulungisa isimo, izimo zezulu ezizinzile nazo ziyathonya, ngoba ziyakwazi ukudala ukuguquguquka kokushisa okwephula izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuziphatha komkhathi.
Ngakho-ke singasho ukuthi umphumela we-foehn iyakwazi ukuguqula emahoreni ambalwa nje inani lomswakama onezigodi. Sizoqhubeka nokubona ukuthi imiphumela ye-foehn inamiphi imiphumela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba.
Umphumela we-Foehn enyakatho ye-Alps
Umbono womphumela we-foehn usitshela ukuthi lapho umoya ofudumele, onomswakama ushaya futhi uhlangana nobubanzi bezintaba, ukuze uwudlulise, kufanele uphoqeleke ukuba unyuke. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, umhwamuko wamanzi ophethwe umoya uyaphola bese uyajiya, kuveze imvula phezulu koluhlu lwezintaba. Lokhu kunciphisa wonke umswakama osemoyeni, ngakho-ke umoya ophansi, lapho umoya wehla, iba yinhlama efudumele enomswakama omncane kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, lo mbono awusizi ngalutho lapho sizama ukuchaza umphumela we-foehn e-Alps. Uma kwenzeka ezikhungweni ze-alpine, kukhona ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa, kepha ayihambisani nemvula eningizimu yalo. Kungenzeka kanjani lokhu? Incazelo yalesi simo ilele ekutheni imimoya efudumele efinyelela ezigodini ezisenyakatho ye-Alps empeleni ayiveli emithambekeni eseningizimu, kodwa ivela ezindaweni eziphakeme. Kulezi zimo, ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka kwayo, ubukhulu bomoya obandayo bufinyelela esimweni sokuzinza okungaguquki okukuvimbela ukuthi kufinyelele esicongweni sesithiyo. Kuphela ngokusebenzisa imihosha ejulile lapho eminye yale mimoya ebandayo evinjiwe ingena enyakatho ngendlela yempungushe.
Ngenxa yomswakama ophansi enyakatho ye-Alps, lo mphumela we-foehn wakha isibhakabhaka esimangazayo, futhi kusheshisa inqubo yokuncibilikisa ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Umphumela we-foehn uyakwazi ukubhekana nokwehluka kwamazinga okushisa afika kuma-degree angama-25 ngosuku lwasebusika.
Umphumela we-North American foehn
Lapho umphumela we-foehn kwenzeka entshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika ubizwa kanjalo Chinook. Lo mphumela uvela ikakhulukazi emathafeni aseLeeward noma empumalanga yamaRocky Mountains e-United States naseCanada. Uma kwenzeka ekugcineni, umoya uvame ukushaya ohlangothini olusentshonalanga yize ungaguqulwa yisimo sendawo. Imvamisa iChinook iqala ukushaya phezulu lapho ingaphambili le-Arctic lihlehla liye empumalanga, futhi kungena ubukhulu bolwandle obuguquliwe buvela ePacific, bukhiqize ukwanda okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa. Njenganoma iyiphi enye impisi, imimoya yeChinook afudumele futhi omile, imvamisa anamandla futhi anomdlandla.
Umphumela weChinook ukunciphisa amakhaza asebusika, kepha okuqine kakhulu ukuncibilika amasentimitha angama-30 eqhwa emahoreni ambalwa nje.
Umphumela we-Foehn e-Andes
E-Andes (e-Argentina) kuya emoyeni okubangelwa umphumela we-foehn ibizwa ngokuthi yiZonda Wind. Lo moya kaZonda nawo womile futhi uthuli. Iqhamuka eSouth Pole futhi ngemuva kokudlula oLwandlekazi iPacific, iyafudumala ngemuva kokukhuphuka emaphethelweni ezintaba ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayisithupha ngaphezulu kogu lolwandle. Lapho udlula kulezi zindawo, Umoya kaZonda uyakwazi ukweqa ngesivinini esingu-80 km / h.
Umoya kaZonda ukhiqizwa ngokunyakaza okusenyakatho-mpumalanga yamaPholosi wePolar, bese ufudunyezwa ngokwehla kwezindawo okuqonde ezigodini. Yindlela efanayo yokuwa kweqhwa ezindaweni eziphakeme, ezibizwa ngokuthi umoya omhlophe, ngejubane elifinyelela ku-200 km / h. Lo moya ubalulekile kulesi sifunda esomile, futhi uxhunywe ekuqongeleleni iqhwa ezinguzungeni zeqhwa. Umphumela uphela lapho izindimbane zomoya obandayo zingena enyakatho-ntshonalanga futhi zenzeka kuphela phakathi kukaMeyi noNovemba.
Umphumela we-Foehn eSpain
ESpain eminye imimoya emikhulu iyaziwa. I-ábrego, isibonelo, umoya ovela eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Kungumoya omnene futhi omanzi uma kuqhathaniswa. Kuyaziwa kakhulu e-Plateau nase-Andalusia, njengoba kuyiyona ephethe izimvula, ikhanda elibuhlungu, imikhuhlane kanye nezimo zokudangala. Ngumoya weziphepho zasekwindla nasentwasahlobo okuyizisekelo zezolimo ezinethwa yimvula, njengoba ziwumthombo omkhulu wazo wamanzi. Ivela e-Atlantic, endaweni ephakathi kweCanary Islands ne-Azores.
Eminye yemiphumela emibi elethwa yi-abrego ukuthi, ngenxa yomswakama ophansi, isabalalisa imililo. Lolu hlobo lomoya lufakwa umphumela we-foehn. Ogwini lwaseCantabrian, i-gobrego ithola amagama afana neViento Sur, Castellano (kusuka eCastilla, ngakho-ke evela eningizimu), iCampurriano (evela esifundeni saseCantabrian eCampoo) noma i- "Aire de Arriba" (evela eLa Montaña; ingxenye ephezulu kakhulu kusuka esifundazweni). Uma ishisa kakhulu, bakubiza ngokuthi "kuvikelekile", kanti i- "abrilada" kungaba isikhathi sezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphansi kwalowo mbuso womoya.
Entshonalanga ye-Asturias, i-Ábrego ibizwa nangokuthi umoya we-chestnut, ngoba lapho ishaya ngamandla ngesikhathi sekwindla ibangela ukuthi lezi zithelo ziwe.
Umphumela we-foehn nezolimo
Sibonile ukuthi umphumela we-foehn uyakwazi ukudala umehluko wamazinga okushisa afinyelela kuma-degree angama-25 ebusika. Yize lo mphumela ikakhulukazi ungowasendaweni, izehlakalo zawo kwezolimo endaweni ziphakeme impela. Ezindaweni lapho kunomphumela obonakalayo we-foehn, ngenxa yokuthi umoya uyehla kumswakama futhi izinga lokushisa liyanda, ezolimo kule ndawo ziphoqeleka ukuthi zilime imvula, ngoba ukuchelela kuzokhuphula izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kuqede imithombo yamanzi.
Uma sibheka ezolimo zase-Argentina ngokujwayelekile, sizothola ukuthi ingxenye enkulu ithuthukiswa njengezolimo ezinethwa yimvula, lapho kwenziwa khona imikhiqizo enezidingo eziphansi zamanzi. Ukuhlwanyelwa kukakolweni, ubhontshisi wesoya nemfuyo kuyizibonelo zokulima okuphawuleka kakhulu e-Argentina.
EChile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola ukuthambekela kokulima okunisela kakhulu kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokwehluka kwesigameko somphumela we-foehn ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.
Usungavele wazi enye yezimo zemeteorology nokusebenza kwayo ngendlela enemininingwane eminingi kanye nemiphumela yako. Isenzeko, noma sinomphumela wendawo, saziwa emhlabeni wonke.
IGermán, izinsuku ezimbili:
Igama lami nginguPepe Criado futhi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15, ngathunyelwa e-Iberia e-US njenge-Regional Head of Operations, yalo lonke elaseMelika (South, Central, North and Caribbean).
Lapho ngakwazi ukwenza izifundo zeminyaka emithathu e-NOAA, ezingalingana nokuthile okufana ne- "Assistant Meteorology Applied to Aviation" (cishe noma ngaphansi).
Manje, ngemuva kokukhubazeka okubangelwa umdlavuza kusukela ngo-2001 (sengineminyaka engama-68 ubudala), ngabuyela eMalaga, lapho ngivela khona, njengamanje ngihlala eTorremolinos.
Okwenhlangano yasendaweni engenzi nzuzo ye-flamenco yamasiko eshicilela umagazini minyaka yonke. Ngibhala udaba olumayelana nomoya ovunguzayo kanye nemimoya eMalaga, ikakhulukazi isifunda futhi, njengoba umphumela wempungushe uhambisana nalomoya waseMalaga, ngaphandle kokufaka imidwebo engikubone kunesidingo, ngithanda ukwazi ukuthi ungasishicilela yini isithombe lezi onazo, lapho umphumela oshiwo ngenhla we-Foehn waziswa ngokusobala kakhulu futhi ngingalokotha ukusho ukuthi cishe ihaba.
Ngokusobala bengizobeka umbhali nezichasiselo ozivezile futhi kuyacaca ukuthi, lapho sengikulungele futhi ngaphambi kokukushicilela, bengizokuthumelela i-athikili ephelele nge-imeyili futhi uma ihlelwa, ngithumele amakhophi ambalwa ngeposi.
Angazi ukuthi kuzobonakala kufanelekile yini.
Ngiyabonga nokwanga,
I-PP iphakanyisiwe
Kuhle,
Isithombe asifake "umphumela we-Foehn e-Alps" asiqhamuki kuleyo ndawo, ingeyesiqhingi saseCanary iLa Palma.