Kunendawo yendawo yonke edonsa amakhulu emithala. Indawo ebizwa ngokuthi Umlingisi Omkhulu Inamandla asabekayo, njengoba iheha lezi zinto ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angama-600 ngomzuzwana. Kusukela ngawo-1970, ibibhekwa “njengendawo yokugcina” yezigidigidi zamaplanethi, izinkanyezi, izinkanyezi ezinomsila nothuli lwe-cosmic.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi uyini Umlingisi Omkhulu, izici nokubaluleka kwawo.
Uyini Umlingisi Omkhulu
Itholakala enhliziyweni ye-Laniakea, ebangeni elilinganiselwa ku-250 million light years ukusuka eMhlabeni kanye ne-Milky Way, i-Great Attractor iyinqaba yamandla adonsela phansi. Naphezu kokuba khona kwayo, asinaso isiqiniseko sokuthi ingubani futhi asinalo ulwazi oluphathekayo. Nokho, siqiniseka ngento eyodwa: I-Great Attractor isebenzisa izinga elingenakulinganiswa lethonya. Amandla ayo adonsela phansi makhulu kangangokuthi asikhanga kanye nemithala eyizi-100.000 eyakha iLaniakea ngakuwo.
Njengozibuthe omkhulu noma kwalasha endaweni yonke, le nhlangano idla yonke into engaba yiminyaka yokukhanya eyizigidi ezingu-300. Silokhu sibhuquza sibheke kuyo ngesivinini esingu-600 km/s, nsuku zonke, umzuzu nomzuzwana odlulayo. Ukudalelwa kuseyimpicabadala, kodwa amandla ako nje asiphoqa ukuthi simelane nokwanda okungokwemvelo komkhathi.
I-Great Attractor isalokhu iyindida endaweni enkulu ye-Cosmos. Naphezu kwemizamo yethu emihle kakhulu, asikazitholi izimpawu zokuba khona kwayo. Yindawo ebonakala ingenalutho, kodwa amandla ayo adonsela phansi anamandla kangangokuthi kuye kwasiphoqa ukuba sihlole kabusha ukuqonda kwethu Umkhathi. La mandla angachazeki abeke inselele emicabangweni yethu futhi aphazamisa ukucabanga kwethu, okusishiya sibambe ongezansi ngenxa yezimfihlakalo ezisasifihla.
Umsuka Womlingisi Omkhulu
Ukutholakala kwe-Great Attractor kunomlando ocebile futhi oyinkimbinkimbi. Umsuka wawo uhlehlela emuva ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, lapho izazi zezinkanyezi ziqala ukubuka imithala ibheke kumaqoqo ezinkanyezi i-Centaurus ne-Hydra. Lokhu kuqaphela kwembula iphethini yokunyakaza engavamile: Imithala kule ndawo yayihamba ibheke endaweni ethile emkhathini ngesivinini esimangalisayo. Lokhu kungaqondakali kwaholela embonweni wokuthi kwakukhona amandla amakhulu adonsela phansi, kamuva abizwa ngokuthi i-Great Attractor.
Naphezu kwamashumi eminyaka ocwaningo, ubunjalo kanye nendawo okuyiyonayona yala mandla kuseyimpicabadala, kodwa asaqhubeka nokuthakasela nokugqugquzela izazi zezinkanyezi nezazi zezinkanyezi emhlabeni wonke. Ngonyaka ka-1929, u-Edwin Hubble, isazi sezinkanyezi esidumile saseMelika, wathola into ebaluleke kakhulu. U-Hubble wathola ukuthi ngenkathi ama-nebula athile e-extragalactic abonakala esondela eMhlabeni, i-redshift eyatholwa kulezi zakhiwo yabonisa ukuthi cishe zonke zazisuka kude neplanethi yethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho lezi zakhiwo zaziqhela kakhulu, zazisuka ngokushesha kithi.
U-Hubble waholelwa ekucabangeni ukuthi mhlawumbe sasisendaweni eyingqayizivele emangalisayo yemkhathi lapho, ngenhlanhla ecishe ingakholeki, yonke into yayisuka kithi, noma i-Universe, kanye nesikhala esiphakathi kwezinkanyezi, empeleni kwakukhula.
Ukubaluleka Komkhangi Omkhulu
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-Great Attractor.Okokuqala, i-Great Attractor iyindawo emkhathini lapho i-Milky Way kanye neminye imithala eminingi ihamba khona kuso sonke isikhathi se-cosmic. Lokhu kuheha amandla adonsela phansi Ingenye yezinjini eziyinhloko ezithonya amandla endaweni yethu ye-cosmic.
Ubukhulu bayo bukhulu kangangokuthi bunamandla amakhulu adonsela phansi, angafaniswa nohlobo oluthile "lwendawo yobunzima" endaweni yonke ebonakalayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-Milky Way neminye imithala eseduze ithintwa amandla ayo adonsela phansi, athonya ijubane layo nendlela ezinyakaza ngayo njengoba ihamba emkhathini.
Kuyindawo yokuhlangana kwemifula eminingi yomthala ku-Virgo Supercluster, yona Iqoqo elikhulu lemithala ehlanganisa i-Milky Way. Lesi simo sibalulekile ekuqondeni ukusatshalaliswa kwezinto endaweni yonke ngezinga elikhulu. Njengoba imithala ihlangana ibheke ku-Great Attractor, ingangqubuzana futhi ihlangane, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwemithala emikhulu, eyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokudalwa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu ezifana namaqoqo amakhulu kanye nemicu yemithala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucwaninga nge-Great Attractor kanye nomthelela wayo ku-Milky Way kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukwanda kwendawo yonke. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kokunwetshwa kwendawo yonke kanye namandla adonsela phansi e-Great Attractor kunikeza ukukhanya ngezinga lokunwetshwa kwendawo yonke kanye nenani lezinto ezikuyo. Lokhu Kubalulekile ukuqonda izinqubo ze-cosmological kanye nemvelo yamandla amnyama, amandla angaqondakali abonakala esheshisa ukwanda kwendawo yonke.
Ingabe i-Milky Way izogwinywa?
Amathuba okuthi i-Milky Way "igwinywe" i-Great Attractor yisimo okuye kwaxoxwa ngaso emphakathini wezinkanyezi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lo mbono awuhambisani ncamashi neqiniso elibonwa endaweni yonke. Esikhundleni sokugwinywa, i-Milky Way kanye Eminye imithala eseduze idonselwa ngase-Great Attractor ngenxa yethonya layo lamandla adonsela phansi.
I-Great Attractor ayiyona into eshwabadelayo ngomqondo ongokoqobo, kodwa kunalokho isifunda sesikhala esinezinto eziningi ezikhiqiza amandla adonsela phansi abalulekile. Njengoba umthala wethu neminye imithala eseduze isondela ku-Great Attractor, ukunyakaza kwayo kungase kushintshe, futhi imizila yezinkanyezi ngayinye nezinhlelo zezinkanyezi ingase ishintshwe. Kodwa-ke, i-Milky Way akulindelekile ukuthi ibhujiswe noma "igwinywe" yi-Great Attractor ngokuqondile.
Ukusebenzisana kwamandla adonsela phansi phakathi I-Milky Way kanye ne-Great Attractor iyinqubo ehamba kancane futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ethinta i-orbital dynamics yemithala., kodwa akusho ukungqubuzana okuyinhlekelele. Kunokuba ibhujiswe, i-Milky Way maningi amathuba okuthi iqhubeke izungeza i-Great Attractor njengoba womabili amabhizinisi eqhubeka nohambo lwawo endaweni yonke ekhulayo.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-Great Attractor kanye nezici zayo.