El ulwandle lwegalilee Laziwa ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba njengolwandle, kepha kwezinye izifunda laziwa njengechibi. Futhi kungumqondo ohambisana kakhulu nezimpawu njengoba sizobona kule ndatshana. Kuyaziwa eMpumalanga Eseduze njengeLake Tiberiades noma iLake Generaset. Ichibi lamanzi angenasawoti elisendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-209 ngaphansi kogu lolwandle futhi linezici ezikhethekile.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nezici, ukwakheka kanye nemvelaphi yoLwandle LwaseGalile.
Izici eziyinhloko
Eichibi lamanzi angenasawoti amamitha angama-209 ngaphansi kogu lolwandle, esenyakatho-mpumalanga yakwa-Israyeli, enyakatho yeSigodi SaseJordani nasogwini lomuzi waseTiberiya. Umcengezi wawo uhlanganisa izindawo zakwa-Israyeli, iSyria, neLebanon. AmaKrestu akubheka njengesigameko esivela ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene eBhayibhelini, kufaka phakathi uJesu ehamba phezu kwamanzi.
ULwandle LwaseGalile yilona kuphela ichibi lemvelo lamanzi angenasawoti kwa-Israyeli. Indawo ingamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-164-166, ubude ngamakhilomitha angama-20-21, okubanzi kunamakhilomitha ayi-12 kuye kwayi-13 bese kuthi umthamo ube ngamakhilomitha-skwele angu-4. Iphuzu layo elijule kakhulu lisenyakatho-mpumalanga, amamitha angama-44-48, ngokujula okuphakathi kwamamitha ayi-25,6-26. Ihlinzekwa yimithombo engaphansi komhlaba futhi ikakhulukazi uMfula iJordani. Umfula udlula echibini futhi uqhubeke ubheke eningizimu cishe amakhilomitha angama-39. Eminye imizimba emincane yamanzi, njengemifudlana yaseGolan nama-boulevards, ikhipha amanzi ayo emagqumeni aseGalile.
Indawo yolwandle imvamisa iyashisa ehlobo futhi ipholile ebusika, ngokushisa okuphakathi kuka-14ºC. Ezinye izingosi ezibalulekile zomlando nezenkolo zigcinwa ezindaweni ezisogwini, njengeKapernawume eBhayibhelini.
Ukwakhiwa koLwandle lwaseGalile
Ulwandle lwaseGalile lwakhiwa ngenqubo yamathoni. Isigodi lapho sitholakala khona siwumkhiqizo wokwehlukaniswa kwamapuleti ama-Arab nawase-Afrika kanye nokwandiswa kolwandle. Ukudana okwakheka ekugcineni kwePliocene, futhi kamuva nezidumbu zamachibi kanye nenani elincane lamanzi langena engxenyeni yendawo yalo. Ngakho-ke, uLwandle lwaseGalile noLwandle Olufile yizandiso zeRed Sea Rift Valley.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uMhlaba wabhekana nesikhathi esimanzi ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi seQuaternary, kwathi uLwandle Olufile, okwamanje oluseningizimu yoLwandle lwaseGalile, lwanda lwasabalala laze lwafika kulo, kepha amanzi aqala ukwehla isikhathi esithile iminyaka engama-20.000 XNUMX .
I-Biodiversidad
Isimo sezulu esimnandi namanzi anele kwakha inhlabathi evundile, evumela ukukhula kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Ukutshalwa kwezinsuku, ubhanana, ezisawolintshi nemifino sekuchume amakhulu eminyaka, futhi umhlanga ezindaweni ezisogwini akuvamile. Amanzi akhiwa ama-zooplankton kanye nama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene asemanzini nasemhlabeni (njenge I-Potamon potassium), ama-mollusks (njenge I-Unio terminalis y UFalsipygula Barroisi), ama-microalgae nezinhlanzi (njenge UTristramella simonis, I-Tristramella sacra, I-Acanthobrama terraesanctae, Umndeni wakwaDamsel, uSilurus). umndeni kanye ne-catfish), ama-tentacles nohlobo lwe-tilapia (Tilapiini), olwaziwa nge-San Pedro. Ezinye izinhlanzi zihlobene kakhulu nezinye izinhlanzi ezihlala emachibini ase-Afrika.
Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX, i-European otter (ULutra lutra) kwakuyisilwane esincelisayo esasivakashela amanzi aseGalile.
Izinsongo ezivela oLwandle lwaseGalile
Ukudoba bekuyinto eyisisekelo kwezomnotho oLwandle lwaseGalile kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa ukuthi kwakhiwa idolobha lasendulo elihlobene nomlando wobuKristu, ezokuvakasha sezithuthukile. Namuhla, kuyindawo ethandwayo lapho ungachitha khona amaholide akho kwelinye lamabhishi. Vele, imisebenzi yabantu inomthelela empilweni yezinto eziphilayo.
Eminyakeni eyomile, izinga lamanzi lehla kakhulu, okukhathaza izazi zemvelo, ngoba ulwandle luhlinzeka ngamanzi okuphuza kubantu bakwa-Israyeli futhi, njengoba inani labantu likhula, isidingo salo siyanda. Abantu bakhathazekile ngokuthi amanzi azophenduka usawoti ngoba kukhona iziphethu zamanzi anosawoti ngaphansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlobo I-Tristramella sacra akukaze kubonwe kusukela ngawo-1990, ngakho-ke empeleni kubhekwa njengokushabalala.
Inani lomlando namasiko
Amavangeli angamaKristu athi uJesu wenza ingxenye yenkonzo yakhe kanye nezimangaliso ezithile ogwini lolwandle olungajulile. Abahlali abangamaJuda basungula i-kibbutz yokuqala eseduze. Kwezinye iziphrofetho zamaSulumane kubonakala sengathi eminye imithombo engaphansi komhlaba igelezela echibini, kepha iningi lamanzi livela eMfuleni iJordani, ogeleza usuka eLebhanoni ngasenyakatho uye kwa-Israyeli naseMfuleni iJordani ngaseningizimu.
ULwandle LwaseGalile (kwesinye isikhathi olubizwa ngeLake Tiberias noma iLake Kinneret) lungaphakathi kweJordani Rift Valley, ukucindezelwa okuncane okwaqala ukwenzeka lapho i-Arabia Plate yahlukana ne-Afrika amashumi ezigidi zeminyaka eyedlule. Izikhukhula eziningi ezinamachibi azungeze ichibi naseningizimu Siphendulwe indawo yokulima, ekhombisa umbala ogqamile oluhlaza.
Sekuyisikhathi eside uLwandle LwaseGalile luyindawo ethandwa kakhulu yizihambeli. Kodwa-ke, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, isimo saleli chibi siye saba buthakathaka ngokwengeziwe. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, izinga lamanzi lehle kakhulu, lafinyelela cishe ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu emlandweni ngonyaka we-2018. Amanzi amancane enza leli chibi libe nosawoti omningi, okwenza kungasebenzi njengomthombo wamanzi okuphuza. Lezi zinguquko ziphinde zisongele izinhlanzi futhi zikhuthaze ama-algae blooms ezinkinga.
Ukuqonda amazinga wamanzi awayo nokuthola izindlela zokuwagcina ezinzile kuyindaba yocwaningo oluningi endaweni. Izizathu ze ukwehla kufaka ukuntuleka kwemvula, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ezindaweni eziphezulu zaseLebanon, amazinga okushisa aphezulu (okuzokhuphula ukuhwamuka) nokwandiswa kwezindawo zamapulazi nezindawo eziniselwa ngenkasa ezungeze ichibi.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngoLwandle lwaseGalile nezimpawu zalo.