Siyazi ukuthi endaweni yonke kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinkanyezi, imithala nama-nebulae. Enye yalezi ibizwa ngokuthi ukhozi nebula futhi uyaziwa kakhulu. Itholakala eminyakeni engu-6500 yokukhanya ukusuka eplanethini yethu futhi ingaphakathi komlaza wakwaSarpens. Inezici eziyingqayizivele.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele konke okudingeka ukwazi nge-Eagle Nebula, izici zayo, imvelaphi nokunye okuningi.
Ukutholwa kwe-Eagle Nebula
Itholakala ku-6.500 light-years ukusuka eMhlabeni ku-Constellation Serpens, i-Eagle Nebula iyingxenye ye-Messier Catalogue, futhi igama layo ngu-M16, into ye-interstellar yeshumi nesithupha etholwe izazi zezinkanyezi. I-Eagle Nebula iyiqoqo lezinkanyezi ezincane, uthuli lwe-cosmic, negesi elikhazimulayo.. Le nqwaba yento yakha umgogodla wendalo, njengoba ngezikhathi ezithile izinkanyezi ezishisayo ezishisayo zizalwa, futhi ezinye ziyafa ukuze zidale ezintsha.
Itholwe yiHubble Space Telescope ngo-1995, kanyeLokhu kubhekwa njengenye yezifunda ezinhle kakhulu nezingaqondakali zokudala izinkanyezi., okwenza i-Eagle Nebula 2 ibe ingxenye Yezinsika Zendalo, njengoba kuthiwa iqoqo lezinkanyezi lizalwa lapho.
Le Nebula Yokhozi ingabonwa ngezibonakude zezimfundamakhwela ngoba ayikude kakhulu noMhlaba, futhi iphinde iqophe futhi ikhanyise igesi ukuze yenze izinsika ezinkulu iminyaka eminingana yokukhanya, okuwumbono ongawubona.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lezi izici ze-nebula:
- Iminyaka yayo iphakathi kweminyaka eyi-1-2 million.
- Le nebula iyingxenye ye-Emission Nebula noma isifunda se-H II futhi ibhaliswe njenge-IC 4703.
- Itholakala cishe ku-7.000 light-year kude endaweni yokwenza izinkanyezi.
- Inaliti yegesi ibonakala engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-nebula, i-9,5 light-year kude futhi inobubanzi obungamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-90.
- Le nebula ineqembu lezinkanyezi ezingaba ngu-8.100, iningi ligxile esifundeni esisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeZinsika Zendalo.
- Iyingxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi Izinsika Zendalo, njengoba ngezikhathi ezithile kuzalwa izinkanyezi ezintsha embhoshongweni wawo omkhulu wegesi.
- Ilinganiselwa ku-460 izinkanyezi zohlobo lwe-spectral ezikhanya kakhulu izikhathi eziyizigidi ezi-1 ngaphezu kokukhanya kweLanga.
- Njengoba nje izinkanyezi zizalwa embhoshongweni wawo omkhulu, i-Eagle Nebula ibona izigidi zezinkanyezi zifa futhi ziba izinkanyezi ezintsha ezikhanyayo.
I-Eagle Nebula, okungenzeka ukuthi yathwetshulwa yizibonakude eziningi emhlabeni wonke, yaqala ukuthwebula isithombe IHubble Space Telescope ngo-1995 ngobukhosi be-Eagle Nebula-5 yale nebula, okubonisa ukuthi izinkanyezi ezintsha zizalwa kusukela kulezi zinsika, ku-gas aggregates ebizwa ngokuthi i-EGG.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, yasetshenziswa njengombukiso wobuhle bomkhathi wethu ongaphandle. Esinye isithombe se-nebula sithathwe i-Herschel Space Telescope ye-ESA. Lokhu kubonisa ngokugcwele izinsika zendalo, igesi nothuli okwadala le nebula.
Le nebula, nayo ebonwa ngokombono we-X-ray nge-XMM-Newton Space Telescope ye-ESA, isethula ngezinkanyezi ezishisayo kanye nomthwalo wazo wokuqopha izinsika zazo.
Ezinye izibonakude ezifunda i-nebula yi-VTL ye-European Southern Observatory's eParanal, eChile, enokufundwa kwe-infrared, kanye nesibonakude sobubanzi obungamamitha angu-2,2 i-Max Planck Gesellschaft esifundeni saseLa Silla eChile. Lezi zibonakude zisinika izithombe ezinhle kakhulu futhi zisembulele okwenzeka kule ngxenye yesibhakabhaka.
Indlela yokubona i-Eagle Nebula
Ukuze ubone i-Messier 16 kufanele ube nesibonakude sekhwalithi enhle, ube nezimo zezulu ezingcono kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kufanele kube endaweni emnyama kakhulu, kude nokungcola kokukhanya, futhi sibe nendawo eqondile ye-nebula. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ngeke ukhubeke ngezikhathi ezithile lapho ubuka i-nebula.
Enye yezindlela ezilula zokuthola i-M16 ukuthola umlaza woKhozi bese uya ngasemsileni walo, Iphi inkanyezi u-Akwila? Uma ufika kulelo qophelo, udlulela ngqo kumlaza we-Scuti. Kule pintov, kufanele nje uye eningizimu ukuze ufinyelele kunkanyezi u-Gamma Scuti.
Ngemva kokuthola isihlabani u-Gamma Scuti, uyasihlola. Lapho uzothola iqoqo lenkanyezi elaziwa ngokuthi i-Messier 16, elinezibonakude zeprism ezisezingeni elingcono futhi nezimo zesibhakabhaka sakho uzokwazi ukubona ukuguqubala kwalo, kodwa ngesibonakude esikhulu sokuvula uyokwazi ukubona i-Eagle Nebula endaweni yayo. best.
Umlando othile
Isazi sezinkanyezi saseSwitzerland uJean-Philippe Loys de Chéseaux ungomunye wabokuqala ukuxoxa ngendida ka-Olbers. Wakwenza eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokuba u-Heinrich Olbers azalwe, kodwa indida ekugcineni yaholela egameni lakamuva.
Uphinde waba ngowokuqala ukubona i-Eagle Nebula, ayenza ngo-1745. Nakuba uChéseaux engazange ayibone ngempela i-nebula, wakwazi kuphela ukuhlonza iqoqo lezinkanyezi enkabeni yalo: i-NGC 6611 (njengoba yaziwa kanjalo manje). Lesi yinkomba yokuqala eqoshiwe ye-Eagle Nebula.
Kodwa eminyakeni embalwa kamuva (ngo-1774), uCharles Messier wahlanganisa iqoqo ohlwini lwakhe futhi walihlukanisa ngokuthi i-M16. I-Messier Catalogue iwuhlu lwamaqoqo angu-110 ama-nebulae namaqoqo ezinkanyezi asasetshenziswa kabanzi ngabashisekeli besayensi yezinkanyezi namuhla. Cishe iwuhlu oludume kakhulu lwezinkanyezi ezisemkhathini emhlabeni.
Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezibonakude, izazi zezinkanyezi zakwazi ukubona izingxenye ze-nebula ezungeze i-NGC 6611 (iqoqo lezinkanyezi). Abantu base beqalile ukukhuluma ngenebula, kodwa njengoba babengakaluboni ukhozi. Bambiza ngeNdlovukazi yezinkanyezi.
Kodwa ukufika kwe-astrophotography kuyiphuzu elisha lokushintsha, ngoba kunemininingwane eminingi kakhulu kunokubhekwa kwezinkanyezi. Kuvela ukuthi i-nebula inezifunda ezimnyama, izinsimbi ezinkulu zegesi, kanye nesimo esikhumbuza ukhozi. Ngakho le nebula yaqala ukuba negama elisha: i-Eagle Nebula.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-Eagle Nebula kanye nezici zayo.