Namuhla kanye nobufakazi obukhona ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kusekhona abantu abakuphikayo. Abantu abakholelwa ukuthi ushintsho lwesimo sezulu lukhona. Ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, sinoMongameli wase-United States, uDonald Trump, ophika ukuthi kukhona ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni. Ucabanga ukuthi kungukuqanjwa kwamaShayina ukuthola ukuncintisana.
Kujwayelekile ukuthi ezindaweni ezithile zomhlaba lokhu kungaxoxwa ngakho. Ngoba ngokuvumelana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, iplanethi yethu iyafudumala. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni eziningi zeplanethi ubusika obubandayo buyabhalwa, kwephula amarekhodi wamazinga okushisa aphansi. Uma kunjalo, Ngabe ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kukhona ngempela? Kungani sinephutha ekuphikeni ukuba khona kwayo?
Ubufakazi obwenza kubonakale sengathi ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu abukho
Ama-97% omphakathi wesayensi aqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni. Ukwenza lokhu, yize amazinga okushisa abandayo ebonwa ezindaweni ezithile zeplanethi, noma kunjalo, akulungile ukusebenzisa lobu bufakazi ukuphika ukuthi kukhona ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okuthinta umhlaba wonke.
Umkhuba we I-El Niño kungumlingiswa ophambili wazo zonke lezi zigameko zezulu ezingadida umhlaba wonke. Okuncane noma okuncane, kusebenza ngemijikelezo yeminyaka emine futhi kutholakala endaweni yogu olusentshonalanga yeNingizimu Melika. Amazinga okushisa afudumele avela emisakazweni yolwandle athinta imimoya yezohwebo emhlabeni jikelele futhi yingakho iziphepho ezinde zasebusika zingakhiwa ezindaweni ezinjengeYurophu. Le yingcazelo yokuthi kungani sithola ubusika bubande kakhulu, hhayi ngoba ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kungekho.
Bukhona nobunye ubufakazi obungaholela ekuphikiseni ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Kumayelana yokukhula kweqhwa i-Antarctica eye yabhekana nakho eminyakeni yamuva. Lokhu kuphambene ngokuphelele nalokho okwenzeka e-Arctic, eneqhwa elincane. Incazelo yalokhu ukuthi i-Antarctica, ngenxa yesimo sayo, izungezwe imimoya enamandla nemisinga yolwandle okuyivikelayo. Ngale ndlela ivikeleke kakhulu emiphumeleni yangaphandle yesimo sezulu.
Ubufakazi bokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kweqiniso
Yize lobu bufakazi bangaphambilini bungaholela ekungabazeni ngokuba khona kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni, iqiniso lihlukile. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iplanethi yoMhlaba ibhekane nokwenyuka okungathandeki kwamazinga okushisa kusukela izilinganiso ezihlelekile zaqala emuva ngo-1880.
U-2016 kube unyaka oshisa kunazo zonke emlandweni, kwathi u-2015 no-2014 bathatha indawo yesibili neyesithathu ngokulandelana. Ngokusho kwakhe Iphaneli Yohulumeni Bezinguquko Zesimo Sezulu (IPCC), izinga lokushisa lomhlaba jikelele lenyuke ngo-0,85 degrees Celsius kusukela ngo-1880 kuya ku-2012.
Ngakho-ke, yize kuneziqubu ezibandayo ezindaweni ezithile zeplanethi, ngeke nje sigxile kulokho. Kufanele sihlaziye ukuthambekela okuphelele kwamazinga okushisa emhlabeni wonke. Kunabantu abafunde izinguquko zesimo sezulu uMhlaba obenazo emlandweni wonke futhi bayalikhathalela leli qiniso lokuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kwamanje akuyona into edlula ukushintshashintsha kwemvelo nokuthi umuntu akangenelanga kukho.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi isimo sezulu somhlaba siguqukile kuwo wonke umlando, kepha yini eholela ekucabangeni ukuthi ngumuntu oyimbangela yalokhu, ijubane okwenzeka ngalo lokhu kuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi, izinguquko esimweni sezulu somhlaba wonke kuwo wonke umlando woMhlaba zenzeke ngenqubo yemvelo ethathe izigidi zeminyaka ukuthi zenzeke. Kodwa-ke, ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke okwenzeka esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyi-150. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa okuvela emisebenzini yethu yezomnotho futhi ubufakazi balokhu izifundo eziningi nolwazi esinalo mayelana nezici zala magesi.
Kusenobunye ubufakazi bokuguquka kwesimo sezulu esizobubona kokuthunyelwe okulandelayo.