Kuwo wonke umhlaba wethu kunezindawo eziningi ezikhangayo. Lezi zindawo ezinhle ziyizindawo zezivakashi futhi zinobuhle obungabaleki. Phakathi kwalezi zindawo sinazo leeward Islands. Lezi ziqhingi zingeze-Lesser Antilles. Kuyiqembu leziqhingi ezisatshalaliswa phakathi kweNetherlands neVenezuela.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iziqhingi zaseLeeward ziyini nokuthi ziyini izici zazo.
I-Leeward Islands
Iziqhingi zaseLeeward ziyiqembu leziqhingi zaseNetherlands neVenezuela, nazo ezisogwini lwaseVenezuela, endaweni esempumalanga yePuerto Rico. Ngokuqondene neVenezuela, kufanele sicabangele ukuthi iVenezuela ayikhiwanga nje ngethiyori yayo yomhlaba, kodwa futhi inethonya oLwandle LwaseCaribbean, ingumnikazi nobukhosi bomhlaba. iziqhingi ezingu-89 zaseVenezuela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunezindawo zombuso zaseVenezuela.
Izindawo zombuso waseVenezuela zifaka yonke imibono engafakwanga phakathi kwenhlangano yombuso yaseVenezuela kanye nesifunda esiyinhloko-dolobha, kanye neziqhingi ezakhiwe emanzini aseVenezuela.
Ngokuhlonipha imithethonqubo efanelekile yaseCaribbean, iVenezuela ingasebenzisa iziqhingi ezisemanzini asendaweni yayo ukuzijabulisa, ezezimali, ezemidlalo neminye imisebenzi eminingi, inqobo nje uma ingephuli imingcele noma imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe.
I-Venezuela iyakwazi ukumaka imigqa yezindawo zasolwandle kanye namanye amazwe amahlanu aneziqhingi zaseCaribbean, lawa mazwe yilawa alandelayo: I-United States of America, iFrance, iNetherlands, iDominican Republic kanye neTrinidad and Tobago.
Izici ze-Leeward Islands
Lezi ziqhingi ezingaphansi kwendawo yolwandle lwase-Venezuela futhi eziyingxenye yeziqhingi ze-Sotavento ngokuvamile zizwa amazinga okushisa alandelayo: 26 futhi 28ºC, lokho kuzoba izilinganiso zayo zonyaka, kanye namamilimitha angu-300 no-500 emvula ngonyaka. Ngokusho kokubalwa kwabantu okwenziwa ngo-2015, inani labantu lalezi ziqhingi ezingena emanzini aseVenezuela liyi-6.500 kuphela, okuyindawo engahlali muntu ngokombono waseVenezuela.
Ngemva kokuba iSpain yamukele iVenezuela njengezwe elikhululekile elizimele, izwe lalawula iziqhingi eziseningizimu-mpumalanga yoLwandle lweCaribbean futhi lashaya umthetho wokwehlukana kwezindawo nezombusazwe ngo-1856, lapho kwasungulwa khona isifundazwe saseMargarita, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi uMargarita.
Iminyaka eminingi omongameli abaningi babefuna ukuhlukanisa iziqhingi zezwe laseVenezuela futhi bangazinaki ezinye iziqhingi. Kodwa-ke, omongameli bakamuva baqaphela ukuthi lezi ziqhingi ezingabaliwe nazo ziyingxenye yezwe lasolwandle. Lezi ziqhingi yizi: I-Isla Pájaro, i-Isla Coch ne-Margarita Isla.
Phakathi nokubusa kwabo, uJoaquín Crespo, uCipriano Castro nabanye baye baqaphela ukuthi lezi ziqhingi ziyizindawo zasolwandle ngempela zaseVenezuela futhi zithathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo, ngaleyo ndlela, ziqashelwa njengengxenye yeVenezuela.
Iqoqo leziqhingi OFakazi
I-Archipelago i-Los Testigos iyiqembu leziqhingi ze-Sotavento Island futhi iyindawo yombuso yaseVenezuela, ngakho-ke ingaphansi kokulawula nokugadwa yiziphathimandla zikahulumeni waseVenezuela.
Itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yeMargarita Island, ngokubalwa kwabantu kuka-2001 abantu bakhona bangama-197, iningi lazo livela esiqhingini saseMargarita futhi lihlobene. Lezi ziqhingi zingafinyelelwa ngesikebhe nangesikebhe esinenjini. Iqukethe iziqhingi eziyisi-8, ezinendawo ejwayelekile ecishe ibe amakhilomitha-skwele ayi-6,53. Iqembu leziqhingi ezingaphansi kwe-Archipelago Los Testigos yilawa alandelayo:
- I-Big Witness Island: Iyona enkulu kunazo zonke kuleli qoqo leziqhingi.
- Rabbit Island: Ingeyesibili ngobukhulu kuleli qoqo leziqhingi.
- I-Iguana: Itholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeqoqo leziqhingi futhi ingeyesithathu ngobukhulu kwezifanayo.
- Isiqhingi saseMorro Blanco: Kuyisiqhingi esiseningizimu yazo zonke futhi akuhlali muntu.
- I-Northeast Island: Itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yesiqhingi esikhulu futhi iyodwa kunazo zonke.
- Kuqhekeziwe: Itholakala empumalanga yesiqhingi esikhulu futhi inokwehlukana okuphimiseleke kahle egqumeni eliyakhayo, okwenza igama layo eliyinqaba.
- Imbuzi: Itholakala empumalanga ye-Isla Iguana.
- I-Rock of Outside: Ingenye yeziqhingi ezincane kakhulu noma amadwala eqoqo leziqhingi.
Umlando othile
Esikhathini esidlule, lezi ziqhingi zaziyizikhungo ezibalulekile zezombangazwe nezenkolo, futhi ukusuka lapha ezinye iziqhingi zasePolynesia zaba amakoloni. Izikhulu ezinkulu zaseTahiti zinezimpande zazo kulezi ziqhingi. I-Raiatea iyisikhungo sezenkolo esinethempeli elibhekisela kwezinye iziqhingi. I-Bora Bora inabantu abanohlonze kanye nethonya elikhulu lezombangazwe.
Owokuqala waseYurophu ukubavakashela wayengumDashi uJacob Roggeveen ngo-1722. Kodwa uJames Cook waseBrithani wahlola iziqhingi ezinkulu izikhathi eziningana phakathi kuka-1769 no-1779 futhi wazibiza ngokuthi i-Society Islands. Wachaza ukuthi leli gama lalibangelwa ukuthi lezi ziqhingi zaziqhubekayo, kodwa othile wachaza ukuthi kwakungokokukhumbula iRoyal Society yaseLondon eyayixhasa lolu hambo. Kamuva leli gama lasakazeka kulo lonke leli qoqo leziqhingi.
Ngemva kokuba iFrance isungule ikoloni eziQhingini zaseWindy ngo-1880, iziQhingi zaseLeeward zenqaba ukuhlangana futhi zaba nomona ngokuzimela kwazo. Phakathi kuka-1889 no-1897 kwaba nesimo eside sokuvukela umbuso kulokho okwakubizwa ngokuthi iMpi Yesiqhingi sase-Leeward.
IJografi ye-Leeward Islands
Iqoqo leziqhingi liqukethe iziqhingi ezinhlanu neziqhingi ezine ezihlelwe zaba izifunda eziyisikhombisa. Ukusuka empumalanga kuye entshonalanga kukhona:
- I-Huahine, yakhiwe njengenhlangano.
- I-Raiatea, ihlukaniswe yaba amakhomanisi ama-3, ne-Uturoa njengenhloko-dolobha.
- I-Tahaa, eyakhiwe njengenhlangano.
- I-Bora Bora, eyakhiwe njengenhlangano.
- I-Tupai, i-Bora Bora encike e-atoll.
- I-Maupiti, eyakhiwe njengenhlangano.
- I-Maupihaa, i-Maupiti i-atoll encike.
- I-Motu One, i-atoll encike ekuphathweni kwendawo.
- I-Manuae, i-atoll encike ekuphathweni kwendawo.
Ngaphandle kweziqhingi ezincane kunazo zonke, lezi ziqhingi zonke ziyizintaba-mlilo. Zenziwe nge-trachyte, i-diabase, ne-basalt. Intabamlilo isinesikhathi eside ithule futhi umgodi uguguleke kakhulu, kwakheka izigodi ezijulile. Zizungezwe izixhobo zamakhorali, ezivala ichibi lamanzi anosawoti futhi zivikele ugu oluvundile.. Indawo yonke embiwe icishe ibe amakhilomitha-skwele angama-400.
Izimila zihlanganisa breadfruit, vanilla kanye nezihlahla zikakhukhunathi. Izilwane ezifuywayo zitholakala kuphela ezingulubeni zasendle, amagundane namanewt. Ngokuphambene, imisebenzi yokudoba phezu kwezixhobo zamakhorali inothile futhi ihlukahlukene.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana neziqhingi ze-leeward nezici zazo.