Lapho sisebancane futhi sifundiswa ukuthi imaphi amaplanethi angawesimiso sonozungezilanga, owokugcina kulolu hlu kwakunguPluto. Nokho, ngokuhamba kweminyaka le planethi yalushiya uhlu ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Abantu abaningi abazi kwenzekani njenge-pluto futhi ngenxa yokuthi ayisabhekwa njengeplanethi esimisweni sonozungezilanga.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi kwenzekani ku-Pluto, yiziphi izici zento yasezulwini okufanele ibe nazo ukuze kubhekwe njengeplanethi nokunye okuningi.
Kwenzekani kuPluto
Ngo-August 2006, isimo sika-Pluto njengeplanethi yesishiyagalolunye ku-Solar System sashintshwa futhi manje sase sithathwa njengeplanethi encane. Lesi sinqumo senziwe yi-International Astronomical Union (IAU), owamemezela ukuthi indikimba yasezulwini kufanele ihlangabezane nezimo ezintathu eziqondile ukuze ithathwe njengeplanethi. Lezi zimo zihlanganisa ukuzungeza iLanga, ukuba nesisindo esikhulu ngokwanele ukudala isimo esiyindilinga ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, kanye nokususa indawo eseduze nezinye izinto.
Ngemuva kwevoti elenziwe umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe wezazi zezinkanyezi, i-Pluto ayizange ifakwe encazelweni yeplanethi ngoba ihlanganyela ngokuzungeza kwayo nezinye izindikimba zasemkhathini. Ngenxa yalokho, iSolar System yethu manje seyakhiwe ngokusemthethweni amaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili (iMercury, iVenus, uMhlaba, iMars, iJupiter, iSaturn, i-Uranus neNeptune), ngayinye inamasathelayithi ayo, amaplanethi amancane amahlanu (kuhlanganise neCeres, iHaumea, i-Eris, iMakemake). kanye ne-Pluto), kanye nama-asteroids, inkanyezi enomsila, igesi ephakathi kwezinkanyezi nothuli.
UGloria Delgado Inglada ubeke amazwana eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu ngemuva kokuhlelwa kabusha kukaPluto, wathi ingxabano eyalandela ukuthi ngabe ukwehlisa i-Pluto noma ukubuyisela isimo sayo seplanethi kwakuyinto enhle. Ukholelwa ukuthi inkulumo-mpikiswano ivumele ukuqonda okujulile kwesihloko futhi inikeze ithuba lokufunda emibonweni eyahlukene.
Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka isiqephu sohlelo lweFirst Movement emsakazweni i-UNAM, kuvele ukuthi ingxoxo yokuthi akhona yini amaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili noma ayisishiyagalolunye akuyona into yokugcina ekhathazayo. Kunalokho, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuqaphela nezincazelo ezingaguquki. Njengoba bethola ubufakazi obengeziwe, amathiyori amanoveli, namathuluzi athuthukile, izincazelo zemiqondo zizothuthuka futhi zinganemba ngokwengeziwe ekuqondeni kwazo.
Okucatshangelwayo emandulo
Ezikhathini zasendulo, kokubili iLanga neNyanga kwakuhlukaniswa njengamaplanethi. Inhloko yophiko lweScientific Communication and Culture lwe-AI ukhumbule ukuthi ngekhulu lesibili AD imodeli ye-geocentric noma yePtolemaic yendawo yonke yamukelwa kabanzi. Le modeli icabangele lokho INyanga neLanga kwakungamaplanethi azungeza uMhlaba, okwakukholakala ukuthi uyinkaba yawo wonke uMkhathi Welanga.
Ngekhulu le-XNUMX, uNicholas Copernicus wabekela inselele umbono owawukhona wokuthi uMhlaba umile futhi wahlongoza imodeli entsha. Ngokusho kwemodeli yakhe ye-heliocentric, Umhlaba wawuzungeza eksisini yawo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uzungeza iLanga. Le modeli isalokhu ikhona kuze kube yilolu suku futhi iseyisimiso esiyisiqondiso.
Muva nje, izinto zasemkhathini ezisanda kutholwa kanye neCeres, iplanethi yokuqala encanyana, bathole ukunakwa okukhulu. Phakathi nomkhankaso wokuthola izindikimba ezintsha zezinkanyezi, uWilliam Herschel wazithela ku-Uranus ngo-1781. Ngo-1846, ngokusebenzisa izibikezelo zezibalo, u-Urbain Le Verrier noJohnan Galle bakwazi ukuthola iNeptune.
Ngo-1801, izazi zezinkanyezi zase zibone kakade i-Ceres, into enkulu okwakuwukuphela kwayo eyaziwa ukuthi ikhona. ibhande lasemkhathini eliphakathi kweMars neJupiter ngaleso sikhathi. Ekuqaleni yahlukaniswa njengeplanethi, kodwa lapho kutholakala ezinye izinto ezifanayo, yaphinde yahlukaniswa njenge-asteroid. Kodwa-ke, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-Ceres isamele ingxenye yesithathu ebalulekile yesisindo esiphelele esikhona ebhande le-asteroid.
Ngokusho kwesikhulumi, ibhande le-asteroid linayo isamba esiphelele esilingana no-4% wesisindo seNyanga yethu. Ochwepheshe bahlonze iCeres njengesinyathelo sokugcina ohlelweni lokuba yiplanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Ceres yashintshwa ekuhlukaniseni kwayo nangaphambi kokuba i-Pluto itholakale, okuyenza yaba iphayona esigabeni sayo.
Ngo-1930, uClyde Tombaugh, isazi sezinkanyezi esaziwayo, wakwazi ukuthola uPluto. Ngaphambi kwalokhu kutholakala, uPercival Lowell, omunye wozakwabo bakaTombaugh, ubekade esemkhankasweni wokuthola le planethi kusukela ngo-1905. Nokho, kamuva kwatholakala ukuthi ubuningi bukaPluto babungenawo umthelela emizileni ye-Neptune ne-Uranus. , ngaleyo ndlela ephika isimangalo sikaLowell. .
Uthe ukuthuthuka kwesayensi akukona nje umphumela wempumelelo, kodwa futhi umphumela wamaphutha, ukubala kabi noma ukuntuleka kwemiphumela eqinisekisayo. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kusivumela ukuba sandise ukuqonda kwethu, okuwumgomo wesayensi.
Ngemva kokucabangisisa, waphetha ngokuthi isayensi ilokhu ishintshashintsha ukuze ihlanganise idatha nemibono emisha. Eqinisweni, ezinye izazi zezinkanyezi ziye zabeka umbono wokuthi incazelo yeplanethi iye yashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba kube nokubuyekezwa okuzayo namavoti angashintsha ukuqonda kwethu lezi zindikimba zasemkhathini.
Izici okufanele zithathwe njengeplanethi
Incazelo yeplanethi ibiphikiswana ngayo kuwo wonke umlando, kodwa okwamanje, izindlela ezithile eziqondile ziyalandelwa ukuze kuhlukaniswe indikimba yasezulwini njengeplanethi. Lezi zindlela zasungulwa yi-International Astronomical Union (IAU) ngo-2006 futhi zaziwa ngokuthi "I-Pluto Resolution."
- Ukuzungeza ilanga: Imfuneko yokuqala eyisisekelo ukuthi into kufanele ijikeleze iLanga.Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinto ezizungeza ezinye izinkanyezi ngeke zithathwe njengamaplanethi.
- Isisindo esanele ukuze sibe nomumo oyindilinga: Iplanethi kufanele ibe nkulu ngokwanele ukuthi amandla ayo adonsela phansi awavumele ukuba athathe isimo esiyindilinga. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuzehlukanisa kuma-asteroids nezinye izindikimba zasezulwini okungenzeka zibe nezimo ezingajwayelekile.
- Ngemva kokusula umzila wayo: Iplanethi kumelwe ukuthi isuse ukuzungeza kwayo kwezinye izinto, okusho ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi asuse indawo ezungezile kunoma iyiphi into ebalulekile. Lokhu kuyayihlukanisa "kumaplanethi amancane" angakwazanga ukusula umzila wawo, njenge-Pluto.
Lezi zindlela ezintathu zibalulekile ukuze into ithathwe njengeplanethi esimisweni sethu sonozungezilanga. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zindlela zisebenza ngokuqondile kumaplanethi esimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. Amanye amasistimu ezinkanyezi angase abe nemibandela yawo yokuhlukanisa.
I-Pluto Resolution, engayifaki i-Pluto esimweni seplanethi, yadala impikiswano ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa yayisekelwe esidingweni sungula izincazelo ezicacile nezingaguquguquki zokuhlukaniswa kwezinto zasezulwini. I-Pluto kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ibibhekwa "njengeplanethi encane" esikhundleni seplanethi ngoba ayizange isuse umjikelezo wayo kwezinye izinto.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokwenzeka ku-Pluto.