I-Las izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni Wonke lawo adlula amamitha ayizi-8.000 ukuphakama. Laba baziwa ngokuhlangene ngokuthi izinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili. Zonke zinezici ezihlukile futhi ziheha izivakashi ezizenza zikhetheke. Ziyinselele futhi kubagibeli bezintaba. Eziningi zazo sithola izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezikhona.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezici, ukubaluleka kanye curiosities izintaba eziphakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni
Izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni ziyisimangaliso semvelo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona I-Mount Everest, okuyintaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni enobude obungamamitha angu-8.848 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Itholakala ezintabeni zase-Himalaya, emngceleni weNepal neChina, i-Everest iyindawo ethandwayo yabaqwali abanolwazi kakhudlwana.
Enye intaba egqamayo yi-K2, esezintabeni zaseKarakóram emngceleni ophakathi kwePakistan neChina, enobude obungamamitha ayi-8.611. Yaziwa ngele-"Wild Mountain" ngenxa yobunzima bokufinyelela kwayo nokuba yingozi, okwenza kube inselelo kwabaqwali abanolwazi olunzulu.
Intaba yaseKangchenjunga nayo ifanelwe ukukhulunywa ngayo, enobude obungamamitha ayi-8.586 futhi itholakala ezintabeni zaseHimalaya, emngceleni ophakathi kweNepal neNdiya. Le ntaba ingcwele kubantu bendawo futhi ivikelwe yi-UNESCO njenge-Biosphere Reserve.
Ezinye izintaba eziphawulekayo iLhotse, intaba yesine ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni enobude obungamamitha angu-8.516, iMakalu ngamamitha angu-8.485, iCho Oyu ngamamitha angu-8.188 kanye neDhaulagiri ngamamitha angu-8.167.
Ngayinye yalezi zintaba ihlukile ngendlela yayo, futhi ngayinye inikeza inselele eyingqayizivele nolwazi kubaqwali abafuna ukuzinqoba. Naphezu kwezingozi nezingozi ezihlobene nokuqwala indawo ephakeme, lezi zintaba ziyaqhubeka ziheha abantu abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, zikhuthaza labo abaphupha ngokufinyelela esiqongweni esiphakeme kunazo zonke.
INtaba i-Everest
Asikwazi ukudlula ngaphandle kokungena sijule kancane entabeni ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni. I-Mount Everest iyintaba eyisakhiwo sodumo enezici ezihlaba umxhwele ezingaphezu kobude bayo obumangalisayo. Inomumo wephiramidi ohlukile nobuso obune obuyinhloko, okwenza ibonakale ukude.
Isimo sezulu e-Everest siyashintshashintsha kakhulu futhi sivame ukuba yingozi, kunomoya onamandla, iqhwa elinzima kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu elingafinyelela -60°C ebusika. Lokhu kwenza ukuqwala le ntaba kube umsebenzi onzima futhi oyingozi, ongenziwa kuphela abagibeli abanolwazi kakhulu nabahlome ngokufanele.
Ngaphezu kobude bayo nesimo sezulu, i-Everest iyikhaya lezinguzunga zeqhwa eziningana ezihlaba umxhwele, njenge iKhumbu Glacier, okuyiqhwa eliphakeme kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Futhi iyikhaya lezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezilwane nezitshalo, kuhlanganise nezingwe zeqhwa, ama-yaks, nama-rhododendron.
Ubude bayo bulokhu bushintsha ngenxa ye-plate tectonics, njengoba i-Indian tectonic plate ilokhu iphushela ngase-Eurasian tectonic plate, kancane kancane iphakamisa intaba. Futhi inokubaluleka okubalulekile kwamasiko nenkolo kubantu bendawo, njengoba isenkabeni yendawo engcwele yamaSherpas. Ubhekwa njengonkulunkulu kusiko likaSherpa futhi waziwa ngokuthi "Sagarmatha" eNepal, okusho ukuthi "umama womhlaba."
Ukuheha izivakashi
Izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni zikhanga kakhulu abavakashi nabathandi bemvelo. Abantu abaningi baya kulezi zintaba ukuze babone ubuhle bemvelo futhi bazibekele inselele endaweni ebabazekayo.
Ngaphezu kwethuba lokukhuphuka lezi zintaba, izivakashi zingajabulela eminye imisebenzi, njenge hamba izinyawo ezindleleni eziseduze, kanisa ezintabeni futhi ujabulele ukubukwa kwe-panoramic yezindawo zezintaba. Kukhona nemiphakathi yendawo enikeza izinkambo nohambo lwalabo abafisa ukuhlola amasiko nempilo yansuku zonke ezintabeni.
Ngayinye inobuntu bayo kanye nokukhangayo, kodwa zonke zinikeza imibono ehlaba umxhwele kanye nenselele kulabo abafuna ukuyikhuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke banesimo sezulu esingalindelekile nezimo ezimbi kakhulu ezenza ukukhuphuka inselele eyingozi. Esinye isici esibalulekile isiko lendawo elizungeze lezi zintaba. Abantu bendawo kanye nemiphakathi basungule awabo amasiko nezindlela zokuphila ezihlukile kulezi zintaba, okwengeza isici esingeziwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwezivakashi.
Izitshalo nezilwane zezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni
Flora
Izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni ziyikhaya lezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo eziyingqayizivele ezijwayele izimo zezulu ezinzima. Ngenxa yokuphakama, ukuntuleka komoyampilo kanye namazinga okushisa abandayo kakhulu, izitshalo ezitholakala kulezi zifunda zihluke kakhulu kulezo ezitholakala ezindaweni eziphansi.
Esinye sezitshalo ezivame kakhulu ezintabeni eziphakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni ulembu nolele, oluhlanganisa amadwala nenhlabathi enkulu yalesi sifunda. lezi zitshalo Bayakwazi ukusinda ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezizungeze amamitha angu-5.000 ukuphakama.
Ezinye izitshalo ezitholakala kulezi zintaba zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zotshani be-alpine nezitshalo emndenini wakwaBrassicaceae. Utshani be-Alpine buyakwazi ukumelana nesimo sezulu esibandayo futhi ngokuvamile bukhula kuma-rosette ahlangene ukuze bufudumale. Izitshalo ze-Brassicaceae ziyaziwa ngamaqabunga azo anesikhumba, amaqabunga, avumela ukuba bagcine umswakama endaweni eyomile, ebandayo.
Izinhlobo ze-Rhododendron nazo zingatholakala ezintabeni eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni, njenge-Nepalese rhododendron. lezi zitshalo zimila emithambekeni futhi zinezimbali ezinkulu ezibukwayo eziqhakaza entwasahlobo. Ezifundeni ezingezansi kwezintaba, lapho izimo zingezinhle kancane, izihlahla nezihlahlana ezinjenge-Himalayan fir, umsayiphuresi wase-Himalaya, ne-oki zingatholakala. Lezi zinhlobo zingakhula zibe ubude obungamamitha angu-4.000.
Fauna
Nakuba lezi zilwane zilinganiselwe, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezihlala kulezi zintaba ziyamangalisa futhi ziyathakazelisa. Olunye uhlobo lwezintaba oluyisakhiwo sodumo nolwaziwa kakhulu ibhere le-panda, elidabuka ezintabeni zaseSichuan eChina. Lamabhere ngokuyinhloko adla uqalo, okuyisitshalo esitholakala ngobuningi ezindaweni ezisezintabeni zaseChina.
Olunye uhlobo lwezilwane ezihlala ezintabeni eziphakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni i-bharal noma "izimvu eziluhlaza", ezitholakala e-Himalayas naseKarakorum. Lezi zimvu zingochwepheshe ekukhuphukeni izintaba futhi zivumelana kahle kakhulu nezimo ezinzima zemvelo. I-yak, uhlobo lwe-bovid, nayo ivamile kulezi zintaba. I Ama-Yaks yizilwane ezinkulu, eziqinile ezisetshenziswa njengezilwane ezipakisha nezokuthutha esifundeni.
Phakathi kwezinyoni ezihlala ezintabeni kukhona ukhozi olusagolide, inqe elinentshebe kanye ne-Andean condor, okuwuhlobo lwezinyoni ezidla inyama ezihlala e-Andes eNingizimu Melika. Kukhona nezinhlobo zezinkawu ezihlala ezintabeni, njengenkawu egolide kanye ne-Hoogerwerf's langur, ezitholakala ezintabeni zase-Himalaya.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni kanye nezici zazo.