Emhlabeni wethu kunezingozi eziningi zemvelo okufanele sizicabangele ngoba imiphumela yazo imibi impela. Imayelana ne- inhlekelele yemvelo. Imvamisa kuyimicimbi enomthelela omubi empilweni nakubantu ngendlela ejwayelekile futhi idalwa kakhulu yizinto eziza ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu. Ezimweni eziningi, umuntu unesibopho somthelela wemiphumela yezenzo ezimbi, kungaba ukuhlela ezobuchwepheshe noma okungalungile.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlekelele zemvelo, izici zazo, imiphumela kanye nezibonelo.
Yini inhlekelele yemvelo
Izinhlekelele zemvelo yizigameko ezenzeka ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu, ezinomthelela omubi empilweni nakubantu. Ezimweni eziningi, abantu banesibopho semiphumela yokungasebenzi kahle kobuchwepheshe, ubudedengu, noma imiphumela yezinhlelo ezimbi.
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezinto zemvelo ezibangela izinhlekelele ezihlobene, kunezizathu eziningi zezinhlekelele zemvelo. Ngokuvamile, inhlekelele yemvelo kubangelwa yizimo zezulu, izinqubo zokwakheka komhlaba, izinto zebhayoloji noma izenzakalo zomhlaba. Lezi zimo zibhekwa njengezinhlekelele lapho zifinyelela ngokweqile. Izinhlekelele zemvelo ezihlobene nesimo sezulu zibandakanya iziphepho ezishisayo, izikhukhula, isomiso, imililo yasendle, iziphepho, amagagasi okushisa namaza abandayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinezinhlekelele zasemkhathini ezingaphansi kakhulu kwemithelela yama-meteorite nama-asteroid.
Izici eziyinhloko
Inhlekelele isehlakalo esenzeka esikhathini esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa, esingajwayelekile futhi esinomthelela omubi empilweni. Izinhlekelele zingenzeka ngokwemvelo, zibangelwe yizinto zabantu, noma zibangelwe yimvelo kanye nezinto ezingabantu.
Lapho umcimbi, ngqo noma ngokungaqondile, kunomthelela ongemuhle esintwini, kuba yinhlekelele. Lapho umcimbi uvela ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu, uthathwa njengemvelo ngokwemvelo. Lo ngumqondo we-anthropic lapho abantu betholakala njengezinto ezingaphandle kwemvelo. Ngale ndlela, umuntu uhlukanisa phakathi kwezenzo zakhe nemiphumela etholakala kweminye imicimbi endaweni yonke.
Izimbangela
Phakathi kwezimbangela ezidala lezi zinhlekelele sinezinto ezilandelayo:
- Izimbangela zesimo sezulu: zenzeka ngokuhlukahluka kwesimo sezulu ngokwamazinga okushisa, imvula, imimoya, ingcindezi yasemkhathini, njll. Imvamisa yilolu shintsho olungazelelwe kokuguquguqukayo kwesimo sezulu okudala izinto ezifana neziphepho, izivunguvungu zikagesi, iziphepho, amagagasi amakhaza noma ukushisa.
- Izimbangela ze-Geomorphological: zivame ukwenzeka lapho ukunyakaza kwamacwecwe ama-tectonic kanye namandla we-crust nengubo yomhlaba kubangela ukuzamazama komhlaba, ama-tsunami nokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo.
- Izimbangela zezinto eziphilayo: Ukungalingani emvelweni kungaholela ekukhuleni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nama-vectors azo. Ngale ndlela, ukukhula kwamagciwane kanye namagciwane kungadala ubhadane noma ubhadane.
- Isikhala sangaphandle: Ama-meteorites nama-asteroid angena emkhathini womhlaba angadala umonakalo omkhulu.
Izinhlobo zenhlekelele yemvelo
Noma yisiphi isenzakalo esithinta amazinga adlulele sithathwa njengenhlekelele yemvelo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:
- I-Avalanche: ukuwa kwenqwaba yeqhwa elinendawo eweni ngenxa yomphumela wamandla adonsela phansi. Uma kwenzeka ezindaweni ezinabantu noma ezihanjwa ngabantu, kungaholela enhlekeleleni enkulu.
- Isiphepho saseTropical: Ziyiziphepho ezijikelezayo ezinkulu kakhulu. Lezi ziphepho zihambisana nemvula enamandla nemimoya enejubane elikhulu. Imimoya ingadala ukungaphatheki kahle olwandle, izikhukhula, icekele phansi ingqalasizinda futhi ingadala nokufa kwabantu.
- Amaslayidi aphansi: Kungumnyakazo ofana ne-avalanche kepha ngobuningi bomhlaba owehlayo kusemqanseni impela. Imvamisa kwenzeka ngenxa yemvula enamandla nehlala isikhathi eside egcwalisa inhlabathi ngamanzi futhi ibangele ukuwa komhlaba. Kungenzeka futhi ngenxa yokuba khona kokuzamazama komhlaba.
- Ubhadane lwezifo nobhadane lwezifo: izifo ezithathelwanayo zingadala izinkinga ezinkulu. Ubhadane lusakazeka ngokutheleleka futhi lungadala nobhadane.
- Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo: kungukuxoshwa okukhulu kwemagma, umlotha kanye namagesi aqhamuka ezingubeni Zomhlaba. I-magma ikhukhuleka ibe ukugeleza okunqamula ebusweni bomhlaba bese kushisa konke okusendleleni yayo.
- Isichotho izivunguvungu ezinzima ezinemvula engu-5-50mm yamatshe eqhwa zingathinta futhi zidale umonakalo omkhulu.
- Imithelela yemeteorite neye-comet: akuvamile kodwa kungadala umonakalo omkhulu. I-meteorite ingumzimba omncane wasezulwini osayizi wamamitha angama-50 ububanzi.
- Imililo yehlathi: Imililo eminingi yasendle yenziwe ngabantu, yize eminingi yenzeka ngokwemvelo. Isimo sesomiso esibi kakhulu singavele sishise izimila ezomile bese siqala umlilo.
- Izikhukhula: Akhiqizwa ukugcwala kwemifula emikhulu namachibi lapho kunemvula eningi. Ikhava ende ingabhubhisa ingqalasizinda, idonse izilwane nabantu, isiphule izihlahla, njll.
- Isomiso: Ukungabikho kwemvula isikhathi eside nokushisa okuphezulu okulandelayo. Izitshalo zilahlekile, izilwane ziyafa, futhi abantu baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye indawo ngenxa yendlala nokoma.
- Ukuzamazama komhlaba: ziyesatshwa ngokungalindelekile futhi zingaba nemiphumela emibi. Ingabhidliza isakhiwo, idale ukuqhuma, iphule amapayipi amanzi, amadamu nezinye izingozi.
- Iziphepho zesihlabathi nothuli: zenzeka ezindaweni ezomile nezomile. Ikakhulukazi izingwadule zidalwa yimimoya enamandla esusa isihlabathi futhi yakhe amafu angadala ukufa kwezidalwa eziphilayo ngenxa yokuminca nokulimala.
- Izinhlayiya ezimisiwe- Kubangelwa yisiphepho sesihlabathi nothuli futhi kungaba yizinto ezingcolisa kakhulu eziyinkinga ezibanga izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula.
- Iziphepho zikagesi: Zenzeka ngenxa yokuqongelelwa kokuvuselelwa komoya oshisayo nomswakama ongena endaweni engazinzile impela. Ngenxa yalokhu, umbani nombani kukhiqizwa kuhambisana nemvula enkulu, umoya kanye nesichotho.
- Iziphepho: kungukunwetshwa kwefu okwakha isigaxa somoya ekuguqukeni. Zingonakalisa ingqalasizinda, zilimaze imizila yezokuxhumana futhi zisongele izimpilo zezilwane nabantu.
- Ama-tsunami: zibizwa nangokuthi amagagasi olwandle. Zibangelwa ukuba khona kokuzamazama komhlaba ngaphansi kwamanzi okudala amagagasi amakhulu ahamba ngejubane elikhulu. Ngomthelela ogwini bangaveza izinhlekelele ezinkulu ngenxa yomthelela nezikhukhula.
- Ukushisa kwegagasi: Kuqukethe ukwanda okujwayelekile kokushisa kwesifunda ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esejwayelekile kule ndawo efanayo nesikhathi sonyaka. Imvamisa kuhambisana nesomiso.
- Igagasi elibandayo: okuphikisanayo igagasi lokushisa futhi imvamisa lihambisana nesimo sezulu esibi.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi iyini inhlekelele yemvelo nezimpawu zayo.