I-Milky Way iwumthala okukuwo isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga, futhi ungomunye wemithala emikhulu endaweni yonke ebonakalayo. I izingalo ze-milky way Zibaluleka kakhulu uma sihlaziya isimo iplanethi yethu ekuso maqondana nawo wonke amanye amaplanethi.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele mayelana nezici nokubaluleka kwezingalo ze-Milky Way.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lezi ezinye zezici ezivelele kakhulu zalesi sakhiwo esimangalisayo se-cosmic.
- Umumo: I-Milky Way imise okugobile, inobubanzi obungaba iminyaka eyi-100.000 yokukhanya. Yakhiwe ngediski eliyisicaba elineqhubu elimaphakathi, elizungezwe i-halo eyindilinga yezinkanyezi ezindala, eziminyene kancane.
- Izinkanyezi: I-Milky Way kulinganiselwa ukuthi iqukethe izinkanyezi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-100, nakuba lesi sibalo singase sibe phezulu nakakhulu. Iningi lezinkanyezi liku-galactic disk, futhi ezinye zazo ziyingxenye yezingalo ezisonge njengengalo ye-Orion noma ingalo ye-Perseus.
- Indaba emnyama: I-Milky Way kukholakala ukuthi iqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto ezimnyama, into engaqondakali engakhiphi ukukhanya noma ihlanganyele nendaba evamile. Nakuba ingatholakali ngokuqondile, ukuba khona kwayo kuye kwacatshangelwa umphumela wawo wamandla adonsela phansi ezinkanyezini nasezintweni ezibonakalayo emthaleni.
- Izimbobo Ezimnyama: Ukuba khona kwezimbobo ezimnyama phakathi nendawo ye-Milky Way sekuqinisekisiwe, kuhlanganise nomgodi omnyama omkhulu kakhulu onesisindo esiphindwe izikhathi eziyizigidi ezi-4 kunesisindo seLanga.
- Amafu Egesi Nothuli: I-Milky Way futhi iqukethe amafu egesi ephakathi kwezinkanyezi nothuli, okuyizinto ezisetshenziswayo zokwakheka kwezinkanyezi ezintsha. Lawa mafu angatholwa ngokukhipha imisebe kumaza wamaza ahlukene, okuhlanganisa okubonakalayo, i-infrared, nokukhanya komsakazo.
- Iziphuphutheki: I-Milky Way inemithala yesathelayithi okungenani engu-50, eyimithala emincane eyizungezayo. Imithala emikhulu yesathelayithi iMagellan Clouds, imithala emibili emincane ebonakala ngeso lenyama isuka eningizimu nenkabazwe.
- Ukuhamba: I-Milky Way ihamba emkhathini ngesivinini esingaba ngu-630 km/s, futhi isendleleni yokushayisana nomthala i-Andromeda. Nakuba lokhu kungqubuzana kungeke kuqhubeke izigidigidi zeminyaka, ekugcineni lemithala emibili iyohlangana yakhe umthala omusha.
Lezi izici ezimbalwa kweziningi ezithakazelisayo ze-Milky Way, umthala esihlala kuwo. Ukutadisha i-Milky Way neminye imithala kusenza sikuqonde kangcono ukwakheka kwendawo yonke nendawo yethu siqu kuyo.
Izingalo ze-Milky Way
I-Milky Way imise okwe-spiral, okusho ukuthi inezingalo eziningana ezisongekile ezisuka phakathi nendawo. Izingalo ezizungezayo ziyizifunda zomthala lapho ukuminyana kwezinkanyezi negesi kukhulu kunakwezinye izingxenye zomthala. Njengamanje, izingalo ezine eziyinhloko zikhonjwe ku-Milky Way, nakuba ukwakheka okuqondile kwezingalo ezizungezayo kuseyisihloko socwaningo lwesayensi nenkulumo-mpikiswano.
Izingalo ezine eziyinhloko ze-Milky Way zibizwa ngokuthi ingalo yePerseus, ingalo ye-Sagittarius, ingalo ye-Orion, nengalo yaseNorma. Ingalo ye-Perseus kanye nengalo ye-Sagittarius yizingalo ezinkulu nezichazwe kakhulu, kanti ingalo ye-Orion kanye nengalo ye-Norma azichazwanga kangako futhi asakazeke kakhulu.
I-Perseus Arm iyingalo ezungezayo eseduze kakhulu nesikhungo somthala, futhi isuka enkabeni ye-galaksi iye ebangeni elingaba yiminyaka eyi-10.000 yokukhanya. I-Sagittarius iyingalo ezungezayo yesibili ngobukhulu, isuka enkabeni ye-galactic iye ebangeni elingama-light-year angaba ngu-16.000. I-Orion Arm iyingalo ezungezayo yesithathu ngobukhulu, isuka emkhathini iye ebangeni elingama-light-year angaba ngu-20.000 XNUMX. Ekugcineni, i-Norma Arm iyingalo ezungezayo eqhelelene kakhulu nesikhungo somthala, isuka enkabeni ye-galaxy iye kuye. ibanga elingaba yi-20.000 kuya ku-25.000 light years.
Izingalo ezisongezelayo ze-Milky Way ziyizifunda ezikhula ngamandla ezinkanyezi, lapho izinkanyezi ezintsha zizalwa khona ngegesi ephakathi kwezinkanyezi nothuli. Iningi lezinkanyezi ku-Milky Way litholakala ezingalweni ezizungezayo, futhi izinto eziningi ezithakazelisa kakhulu esibhakabhakeni, njengama-nebula, amaqoqo ezinkanyezi, nezinkanyezi ezinkulu, zitholakala kulezi zifunda.
Izici zezingalo ze-Milky Way
Akhiwe amafu egesi ephakathi kwezinkanyezi nothuli olujiyayo lube izinkanyezi ezinkulu. Njengoba lezi zinkanyezi zakha, zikhipha amandla amaningi emisebeni kazibuthe, njengokukhanya okubonakalayo, imisebe ye-infrared, nemisebe ye-ultraviolet. la mandla yikho okwenza izingalo ezivunguzayo zibonakale futhi zihluke esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku.
Izingalo ezisongelwe nazo zinethonya elikhulu ekuguquguqukeni komthala. Igesi nezinkanyezi ezingalweni ezizungezayo zisebenzisana ngokudonsela phansi, okungabangela amagagasi okuminyana kanye nokuphazamiseka ekusabalaleni kwezinto emthaleni. Lezi ziphazamiso zingathinta ukwakheka kwezinkanyezi kwezinye izingxenye zomthala futhi zingathonya ukuvela okuvamile kwe-Milky Way.
Futhi, izingalo ezisontekile ze-Milky Way azizona izakhiwo ezimile. Wonke umthala, kuhlanganise nezingalo ezizungezayo, uzungeza inkaba yawo ngesivinini esingaguquki. Njengoba umthala uzungeza, izingalo ezisongekile ziyasonteka njengesikulufa sikakhokho, zenze umumo oyisiyingi.
Ososayensi baye basebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuze bahlole izingalo ezisongekile ze-Milky Way, okuhlanganisa ukubheka izinkanyezi ngazinye nokuthola ukukhishwa kwe-X ray nomsakazo okuvela kumagesi ashisayo nezinkanyezi ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, kusekuningi okusamele kufundwe mayelana nesakhiwo namandla ezingalo ezizungezayo, futhi ucwaningo kule ndawo luhlala luyisihloko esisebenzayo socwaningo lwezinkanyezi.
Ukubaluleka kokuphila emthaleni wethu
I-Milky Way iwumthala okukuwo isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga futhi ngenxa yalokho iyindawo esihlala kuyo futhi sibone indawo yonke. Ukuqonda kwethu indawo yonke nendawo yethu kuyo kuthonywa kakhulu i-Milky Way kanye nokwakheka kwayo nokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Futhi, iMilky Way ibalulekile ngoba isinika indawo ezinzile nefanele ukuphila. Umthala wethu unenani elikhulu lezinkanyezi, eziningi zazo ezifana nelanga. Lezi zinkanyezi zinezimiso zamaplanethi ezingasekela ukuphila, njengesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. Ukwengeza, i-Milky Way iqukethe izifunda lapho kwakheka khona izinkanyezi ezintsha namaplanethi, okusinika ukuqonda ngokuthi isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga kanye noMhlaba kwakha kanjani.
I-Milky Way nayo ibalulekile ocwaningweni lwesayensi. Ukubuka nokufunda umthala wethu kanye nesakhiwo sawo, umlando, nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kusisiza ukuba siqonde kangcono ukuthi imithala yakha futhi yavela kanjani endaweni yonke. indlela yobisi futhi kuyinto eyisihluthulelo yokufunda ekufuneni ukuphila kwangaphandle komhlaba, njengoba ungomunye wemithala eseduze nefinyeleleka kakhulu ukuze uphenywe.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezingalo ze-Milky Way nezici zayo.