Kukhona eziningi izakhi zamakhemikhali emzimbeni womuntu ezinemisebenzi ehluke kakhulu kodwa ewusizo kakhulu empilweni yethu. Ngayinye yazo inenzuzo futhi kufanele ibe ngenani elithile ukuze umzimba wethu wonke usebenze kahle.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezakhi zamakhemikhali emzimbeni womuntu, izici zazo kanye nokubaluleka kwazo.
Izakhi zamakhemikhali emzimbeni womuntu
Umzimba womuntu wakhiwe yizinhlobonhlobo zezakhi zamakhemikhali. Lezi zakhi ziyizakhi eziyisisekelo zazo zonke izinto, okuhlanganisa izicubu, izitho, noketshezi lomzimba.
Isici esichichima kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu umoya-mpilo, wona yenza cishe ama-65% esisindo somzimba wonke. Umoya-mpilo uyingxenye ebalulekile yamangqamuzana amanzi futhi uyingxenye yezakhi ezibalulekile eziphilayo ezifana nama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, nama-lipids.
Isici sesibili esichichima kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu ikhabhoni, ebalelwa cishe amaphesenti ayi-18 esisindo somzimba wonke. Ikhabhoni iyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila, njengoba yakha isisekelo sawo wonke ama- molecule ephilayo, kuhlanganise ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, ama-lipids, nama-nucleic acid.
I-Hydrogen iyingxenye yesithathu egcwele kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu, ibalwa cishe amaphesenti angu-10 wesisindo somzimba wonke.. IHydrojeni iyisakhi esibalulekile samangqamuzana amanzi, kanye nama-nucleic acid nama-lipids.
I-nitrogen ingenye into ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu, ehlanganisa cishe u-3% wesisindo somzimba wonke. I-nitrogen iyisakhi esibalulekile sama-amino acid, okuyizingqimba zokwakha amaprotheni.
I-calcium iyisici esibalulekile esitholakala emathanjeni namazinyo, futhi iphinde idlale indima ebalulekile ekufinyezweni kwemisipha kanye nokudluliswa kwezinzwa. Ezinye izakhi ezibalulekile emzimbeni womuntu zihlanganisa insimbi, okudingekayo ekukhiqizeni i-hemoglobin emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi, kanye ne-sodium, ebaluleke kakhulu ekulinganiseni kwamanzi emzimbeni.
Ukubaluleka kwezakhi zamakhemikhali emzimbeni
Izakhi zamakhemikhali ezikhona emzimbeni womuntu zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngendlela efanele kwento ephilayo. Lezi zakhi zikhona ngezilinganiso ezihlukene ezicutshini ezahlukene kanye noketshezi lomzimba, futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile ukugcinwa kwe-homeostasis, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, ukuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni kanye nokulawulwa kwezinqubo zomzimba.
Ngokwesibonelo, i-calcium ne-phosphorus ziyizici ezibalulekile ekwakhekeni nasekulondolozeni amathambo namazinyo, futhi ukuntula kwawo kungase kubangele izinkinga zamathambo namazinyo, njenge-osteoporosis. I-ayoni iyadingeka ukuze kukhiqizwe i-hemoglobin, okuyiphrotheni emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo egazini. Ukushoda kwe-ayoni kungaholela ekubeni ne-anemia, ebonakala ngokuncipha kwenani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kanye nokuncipha kwekhono legazi lokuthwala umoya-mpilo.
Izakhi zamakhemikhali nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amandla emzimbeni. Umoya-mpilo ubalulekile ohlelweni lokuphefumula kwamangqamuzana, okuyindlela amangqamuzana athola ngayo amandla ezakhamzimba. I-sodium, i-potassium ne-chloride yizici ezihilelekile ekukhiqizeni nasekudluliseni ama-nerve impulses. nasekugcineni ibhalansi yoketshezi emzimbeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhi zamakhemikhali nazo zibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni amaprotheni nama-nucleic acid, okungama-molecule abhekele ukwakheka nokusebenza kwamaseli. I-nitrogen, i-carbon, umoya-mpilo, ne-hydrogen yizakhi ezibalulekile ezitholakala kuma-amino acid nama-nucleotide, okuyizingqimba zokwakha amaprotheni nama-nucleic acid, ngokulandelana.
izakhi zamakhemikhali Ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zomzimba womuntu futhi zenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ebalulekile emzimbeni. Lukuntula kwakhe noma ukweqisa kwezakhi ezithile kungaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni nasenhlalakahleni, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugcina ibhalansi efanele yalezi zakhi ngokudla okulinganiselayo kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo.
Futhi uma singenayo?
Ukube umzimba womuntu ubungenazo izakhi zamakhemikhali ezibalulekile, ubungeke ukwazi ukusebenza kahle futhi ekugcineni ubungaholela ekufeni. Izakhi zamakhemikhali ziyizingqimba zawo wonke ama-molecule akhona emzimbeni womuntu, kuhlanganise amaprotheni, ama-lipids, ama-carbohydrate, nama-nucleic acid, abalulekile empilweni nasempilweni.
Ngokwesibonelo, ukuntuleka komoyampilo kungaholela ekufeni kwamangqamuzana nokungasebenzi kahle kwezitho zomzimba, okungaholela ekuguleni okungamahlalakhona noma okubi kakhulu. Ukuntuleka kwe-calcium ne-phosphorus kungaholela emathanjeni abuthakathaka, ukuphuka, nokukhubazeka kwamathambo, kuyilapho ukuntuleka kwe-iron kungaholela ekuphelelweni kwegazi nokukhathala okungapheli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuntuleka kwezinye izakhi zamakhemikhali ezibalulekile, njenge i-zinc, ithusi ne-magnesium, kungase futhi kube nemiphumela emibi yezempilo, okuhlanganisa ukuncipha kokuzivikela komzimba, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso sezinzwa, nokuncipha kwekhono lomzimba lokukhiqiza amandla.
Ngamafuphi, ukungabi bikho kwezakhi zamakhemikhali ezibalulekile emzimbeni womuntu kungaba nomthelela omubi omkhulu empilweni nasenhlalakahleni, okungase kugcine sekuholela ekufeni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo okuqukethe zonke izakhi zamakhemikhali ezibalulekile ngamanani afanele ukugcina impilo nobungqabavu bomzimba.
Ungawathola kanjani
Izakhi zamakhemikhali ezidingekayo emzimbeni womuntu Zitholakala ngokudla nokudla. Ukudla okunempilo nokulinganisela okuhlanganisa ukudla okuhlukahlukene okucebile ngezakhi ezibalulekile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola izakhi zamakhemikhali ezidingekayo zomzimba womuntu.
Ngokwesibonelo, imithombo ye-calcium ne-phosphorus ihlanganisa imikhiqizo yobisi, inhlanzi, i-tofu, i-broccoli nesipinashi. I-ayoni itholakala ekudleni okufana nenyama ebomvu, inhlanzi, isipinashi, ubhontshisi, kanye nezinhlamvu eziqinisiwe. I-Magnesium itholakala ekudleni okufana amantongomane, imbewu, okusanhlamvu, imifino enamahlamvu aluhlaza, noshokoledi omnyama.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izakhi zamakhemikhali ezibalulekile, njenge-sodium, i-potassium, i-chloride, ne-iodine, zingatholakala ngokudla okuvamile, njengosawoti wetafula, ubhanana, utamatisi, ubhontshisi one-iodine ne-shellfish.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abanye abantu bangase bantule ezakhini zamakhemikhali ezithile ngenxa yezifo noma ukudla okunemingcele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, Isengezo sokudla noma ukungenelela kwezokwelashwa kungase kudingeke ukulinganisa amazinga alezi zakhi zamakhemikhali emzimbeni.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezakhi zamakhemikhali emzimbeni nezici zazo.