Kuleplanethi yethu kunezinhlobo eziningi zezulu ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngendawo lapho sithola khona izici zazo. I- isimo sezulu somhlaba Zingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa, uhlaza nezimo ezikhona zesimo sezulu. Kunezici ezithile okufanele zinakwe ngalesi sigaba, ngakho-ke ngasinye sazo kufanele sifundwe ngokujulile.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela ukuthi yiziphi izimo zezulu eziyinhloko emhlabeni nokuthi ziyini izici zazo.
Isimo sezulu Sezwe
Isimo sezulu singachazwa njengeqoqo lezimo eziguqukayo ezihlala zingaguquguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Vele, ngeke uthole lutho ngalo musho. Sizokuchaza kangcono ngokujula. Ukuhluka kwesimo sezulu kuyi izinga lokushisa, imvula (kungaba imvula noma iqhwa), izimo ezinesiphepho, umoya, ingcindezi yasemkhathini, njll. Yebo, isethi yazo zonke lezi zinto eziguqukayo inamanani unyaka wonke wekhalenda.
Onke amanani wezinto eziguquguqukayo zesimo sezulu ayarekhodwa futhi angahlaziywa ngoba ahlala eseduze nomngcele ofanayo. Isibonelo, e-Andalusia akukho zinga lokushisa elirekhodwe ngezansi -30 degrees. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lawa manani okushisa awahambisani nesimo sezulu saseMedithera. Lapho yonke idatha isiqoqiwe, isimo sezulu sehlukaniswa saba izingxenye ngokususelwa kulawa manani. Isigxobo esisenyakatho sibhekene namazinga okushisa abandayo, imimoya enamandla, imvula ngesimo seqhwa, njll. Lezi zici zibenza babizwe ngezimo zezindawo ezibandayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni
Isimo sezulu seMhlaba asikwazi ukuhlukaniswa kuphela ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka kwesimo sezulu okukhulunywe ngenhla, kepha kunezinye izinto ezibandakanyekayo, njenge ubude nobude bendawo maqondana nolwandle. Kulesi sigaba esilandelayo, sizoqonda kabanzi izinhlobo zezulu ezikhona nezimpawu zesimo sezulu ngasinye. Futhi, ohlotsheni ngalunye lwe-macroclimate, kukhona amanye ama-subtypes anemininingwane eminingi asebenzela izindawo ezincane.
Isimo sezulu esifudumele
Lezi zimo zibonakaliswa amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lizungeze ama-degree angama-20 futhi kunomehluko omkhulu kuphela phakathi kwezinkathi zonyaka. Ziyizindawo zamathafa namahlathi, ezinomswakama ophakeme futhi ezimweni eziningi, kunezimvula eziningi. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphansi ezihlukene zezulu ezishisayo. Sizohlaziya ukuthi ziyini:
- Isimo sezulu se-Equatorial. Njengoba igama lalo lisikisela, yisimo sezulu esifinyelela nhlangothi zombili ze-equator. Imvula imvamisa iba ningi unyaka wonke, umswakama uphakeme, futhi isimo sezulu sihlala sishisa njalo. Basatshalaliswa esifundeni sase-Amazon, e-Afrika Ephakathi, e-Indonesia, eMadagascar nasenhlonhlweni yaseYucatan.
- Isimo sezulu esishisayo. Iyafana nesimo sezulu esedlule, ngaphandle kokuthi ifinyelela ezifundeni ezishisayo zeCancer neCapricorn. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi imvula lapha yanele kuphela ehlobo. Ingatholakala eCaribbean, eVenezuela, eColombia, e-Ecuador, ePeru, kwezinye izingxenye zeNingizimu Melika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ingxenye ye-Australia, iPolynesia neBolivia.
- Isimo sezulu esishisayo. Lesi simo sezulu sinezinhlobonhlobo zamazinga okushisa futhi imvula iyahlukahluka unyaka wonke. Ingabonakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika, eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, ezingxenyeni zeNingizimu Melika, enkabeni ye-Australia naseMpumalanga Ephakathi.
- Ugwadule nehlane eliwugwadule. Lesi simo sezulu sibonakala ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu unyaka wonke, futhi umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku kubonakala kakhulu. Awukho umswakama, izimila nezilwane ziyindlala kanye nemvula nayo. Basatshalaliswa e-Asia Ephakathi, eMongolia, eMidwest yeNyakatho Melika nase-Afrika Ephakathi.
Isimo sezulu esipholile
Zibonakala ngokushisa okujwayelekile okungaba ngamadigri ayi-15. Kulezi zimo zezulu, siyabona ukuthi izinkathi zonyaka ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Sithola ukuthi isatshalaliswa phakathi kobubanzi obuphakathi ngama-degree angama-30 kuye kwangama-70 ukusuka kububanzi. Sinezinhlokwana ezilandelayo.
- Isimo sezulu saseMedithera. Phakathi kwezici zayo eziyinhloko, sithola ukuthi ihlobo lomile kakhulu futhi libalele, kanti ubusika buyana. Singayithola eMedithera, eCalifornia, eningizimu yeNingizimu Afrika naseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia.
- Isimo sezulu samaShayina. Lesi simo sezulu sineziphepho ezishisayo kanti ubusika buyabanda kakhulu.
- Isimo sezulu sase-Oceanic. Luhlobo olutholakala kuzo zonke izindawo ezisogwini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kuhlale kunamafu amaningi nemvula, yize kungenawo amazinga okushisa aqine ebusika noma ehlobo. Itholakala ogwini lwasePacific, eNew Zealand, nasezingxenyeni ezithile zaseChile nase-Argentina.
- Isimo sezulu sezwekazi. Lesi yisimo sezulu sangaphakathi. Zivela ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona ugu. Ngalesi sizathu, zizoshisa zipholile phambilini ngoba alukho ulwandle njengesilawuli sokushisa. Lesi simo sezulu sisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi eYurophu Ephakathi naseChina, e-United States, e-Alaska naseCanada.
Isimo sezulu esibandayo
Kulezi zimo zezulu, izinga lokushisa alivamile ukudlula ama-10 degrees Celsius, futhi kuzoba nemvula eningi ngendlela yeqhwa neqhwa.
- Isimo sezulu sePolar. Lesi yisimo sezulu esikhona ezindaweni zikaMhlaba. Kubonakala ngamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu unyaka wonke, futhi ngenxa yokuthi umhlaba uqandiswe unomphela, azikho izimila.
- Isimo sezulu se-Alpine. Itholakala kuzo zonke izindawo eziphakeme zezintaba, futhi ibonakala ngezimvula eziningi futhi izinga lokushisa lehla ngobude.
Ukubaluleka komswakama
Umswakama uyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni amandla we-ecosystem ukusingatha ukwehluka ngokuya kwesimo sezulu. Esimweni sezulu esomile Izulu lonyaka lingaphansi kokuhwamuka okungenzeka kube khona ngonyaka. Yisimo sezulu sezindawo ezinotshani nezingwadule.
Ukunquma ukuthi isimo sezulu somile, sithola umkhawulo wemvula ngo-mm. Ukubala umkhawulo, siphindaphinda izinga lokushisa lonyaka ngonyaka ngama-20, bese sengeza uma imvula engama-70% noma ngaphezulu iwela kwisemester lapho ilanga lingu-280. i-hemisphere eseningizimu), noma izikhathi eziyi-140 (uma imvula kuleso sikhathi iphakathi kuka-30% no-70% wemvula isiyonke), noma izikhathi ezingama-0 (uma isikhathi siphakathi kuka-30% no-70%) Imvula ingaphansi kwama-30% emvula ephelele.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunezimo zezulu eziningi emhlabeni ezikhona. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba, yiziphi izici zazo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwazo.