Kusukela endulo, abantu bebelokhu benelukuluku ngokwemvelo. Ubelokhu ezama ukukala nokwazi ubude nobukhulu bezinto ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngomhlaba wethu. Esinye sezici ebesilokhu singaziwa njalo ngabantu yi-radius yoMhlaba. Njengoba singeke sakwazi ukubhoboza uqweqwe lomhlaba futhi sihambe siye enkabeni, kufanele sifunde ukulinganisa futhi sibale ububanzi bendawo. Ngibonga ososayensi abathile abenze imodeli ukuthi bakwazi ukukala lobu bude, kungenzeka ukuthi balinganisele ngokunemba okwengeziwe.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iyini indawo yoMhlaba nokuthi ilinganiswe kanjani.
Izinkinga zokulinganisa i-radius yoMhlaba
Njengoba sazi, yize ubuchwepheshe buthuthuke ngamanani amakhulu, iplanethi yethu isenezinto eziningi ezingaziwa. Kunezindawo eziningi zeplanethi ezingafinyeleleki kubantu. Isibonelo salokhu ulwandle. Abusekho ubuchwepheshe obukwazi ukunqoba ingcindezi yamanzi kanye nokukhanya okuncane kwelanga okutholakala emiseleni yasolwandle. Kunjalo nasenkabeni yoMhlaba. Maningi amanoveli achaziwe ngohambo oluya enkabeni yoMhlaba kodwa yinto namanje esingakwazi ukuyifinyelela. Engikwaziyo kakhulu ukwazile ukumba ngokujula kube cishe amakhilomitha ayi-12. Lokhu nje ukuphakamisa isikhumba esincane se-apula.
Njengoba kungenzeki ukuthi kumbiwe kuze kufinyelelwe kumgogodla woMhlaba, kuye kwadingeka kutholakale izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokulinganisa ububanzi bomhlaba. Enye yezingqinamba ezinkulu zokungakwazi ukwemba uye emgodini womhlaba ungqimba oluphakeme lwamatshe aminyene amelana namatshe. Ubuchwepheshe obuphakeme abukwazi ukubhoboza wonke lawa makhilomitha edwala elijulile. Okunye ukubuyela emuva yizinga lokushisa okuwumgogodla womhlaba. Futhi ingabe umnyombo wangaphakathi ngu izinga lokushisa cishe ngama-5000 degrees Celsius. Ebhekene nokushisa okunjalo, akekho umuntu noma yimuphi umshini ongamelana nalezi zimo. Okokugcina, kula manzi akukho umoya-mpilo ongaphefumula.
Ngaphandle kokuthi kukhona zonke lezi zinkinga zokukala ubukhulu bomhlaba ngqo, umuntu usamile. Amamodeli ahlukene atholakele ukulinganisa inani lawo. Isibonelo, amagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba angasetshenziselwa ukutadisha ukwakheka kwezingqimba zangaphakathi zomhlaba. Lezi zindlela zingakwazi ukwazi ukujula komhlaba okwenzeka ngokungaqondile. Singazi izici ezahlukahlukene zeplanethi ngaphandle kokubona konke ngamehlo ethu.
Plate tectonics theory kanye ne-Eratosthenes
Umbono weplate tectonics usize kakhulu ekuqondeni ukuthi iplanethi isebenza kanjani. Isigaxa sezwekazi kuthiwa sehlukaniswe ngamacwecwe e-tectonic ahamba ngokuqhubekayo. Isizathu sokufuduka kungenxa ye- imibukiso ye-convection kwengubo yoMhlaba. Lokhu kuhamba kwamapuleti kwaziwa ngu igama lokukhukhuleka kwezwekazi.
Imisinga yokudlulisa yengubo yomhlaba inikezwa ngomehluko wobukhulu obukhona phakathi kwezinto zangaphakathi. Konke lokhu singakwazi ukubonga ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezindlela zokulinganisa ezingaqondile. Besihlala sifuna izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukwazi ukuthola izilinganiso zayo yonke into. Usosayensi wokuqala owakwazi ukukala ububanzi bomhlaba kwakungu-Eratosthenes. Lesi silinganiso besilokhu sinabantu abasolayo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.
Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho buchwepheshe obuningi obutholakalayo ukukala ubukhulu bomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela yokuqala yayiqukethe izinto ezithile zobudlova kakhulu. Khumbula ukuthi, ngalesi sikhathi, lezi zindlela zobudoda zazithathwa njengobuchwepheshe bokuguqula isimo. Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezazisetshenziselwa ukukala irediyasi yoMhlaba kwakuwukubaluleka kwe- I-Summer Solstice.
U-Eratosthenes uthathe i-papyrus emtatsheni wezincwadi futhi lapho eqaphela ukuthi okubhalwe kuyo akubonisi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesithunzi, kwakungenxa yokuthi imisebe yelanga yawela ebusweni bomhlaba ngendlela ebukeka ngokuphelele. Lesi yisizathu esenza u-Eratosthenes wayenelukuluku lokwazi ukuthi iyiphi indawo yoMhlaba. Indlela yokukala irediyasi yoMhlaba kamuva lapho eya e-Alexandria. Lapha ngangizophinda isivivinyo futhi ngibone ukuthi ithunzi lelanga lalingama-7 degrees. Ngemuva kwalesi silinganiso, wabona ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwalesinye isithunzi esasihlala eSiena kwakuyisizathu sokwazi ukuthi uMhlaba uyindilinga futhi awucabalele njengoba kwakukholwa ngaleso sikhathi.
Ifomula ye-Eratosthenes yokukala irediyasi yoMhlaba
Lapho eseqede izivivinyo eziningana, wathola okuhlangenwe nakho okuningana kwalezi zilinganiso. Ukusuka lapho, waqala ukwakha imibono embalwa eyasiza ukukala indawo yoMhlaba. Iningi lenqubo lalisuselwa ekulinganisweni nasekubanjweni kwemali. Ukudonswa kwakhe okuyinhloko kwakususelwa eqinisweni lokuthi uma uMhlaba ubunguzungezo lwe-360 degree, ingxenye eyodwa kwengamashumi ayisihlanu yalowo mkhawulo ingaba ama-degree ayi-7. Le ngxenye yomjikelezo ophelele yilokho okwalinganiswa ngomthunzi e-Alexandria.
Ngokwazi ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwamadolobha amabili aseSiena ne-Alexandria lalingamakhilomitha angama-800, wakwazi ukukuthola lokho indawo yoMhlaba yayingu-6.371 km. Khumbula ukuthi, ngenkathi ngibala ama-Eratosthenes, kwakunzima kakhulu ukuthola izilinganiso kahle. Kodwa-ke, unikeze izibalo eduze kakhulu nokwaziwa namuhla.
Namuhla kunezinye izindlela zokukala ingaphakathi lomhlaba ngenxa yamagagasi enyikima. Kuncike ezintweni ezenziwe ngazo ingaphakathi nebanga elisuka maphakathi nokuzamazama komhlaba, kungaziwa ukujula.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ingakanani indawo yoMhlaba nokuthi yalinganiswa kanjani okokuqala ngqa.