Umkhuba we "Umfana nentombazane" ziyajikeleza futhi zisebenza ngokuya ngezimo zezulu. I-World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) ixwayise ngokuthi izimo ezingathathi hlangothi noma ezibuthakathaka kakhulu ze "La Niña" kulindeleke phakathi nengxenye yokuqala yonyaka ka-2017. Yize kungenzeka ukuthi isimo singashintsha kusuka ngoMeyi.
Ukuze wazi isenzo salezi zenzakalo, i-WMO isuselwa ekutadisheni nasekudalweni kwamamodeli abikezela lezi zenzo. Ngemuva kokuzihlaziya, bafinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izimo zezemvelo ezingathathi hlangothi zigcinwa noma ngabe isimo se- "La Niña" singama-70-85%.
Isimo se- "La Niña"
Ukuze senze lolu lwazi lube ngokomongo, sikhumbula kafushane ukuthi iyini into ye- "La Niña". Le nto iba lapho isigaba esihle se-Southern Oscillation sifinyelela emazingeni abalulekile futhi sihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Lapho u- "La Niña" ekhona, umfutho wezinga lolwandle wehla esifundeni sase-Oceania, futhi kubangele ukwanda kwaso ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo zasePacific ngasogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika naseMelika Ephakathi; okuholela ekwandeni kokwehluka kwengcindezi okukhona phakathi komibili imikhawulo yePacific esenkabazwe. Umoya wezohwebo uyaqina, ubangela ukuthi amanzi ajulile apholile ngokuqhathaniswa ne-Pacific esenkabazwe afike ngaphezulu.
Le mimoya enamandla ngokweqile iba namandla amakhulu okuhudula ebusweni bolwandle, ikhuphule umehluko olwandle phakathi kwemikhawulo yomibili ye-Pacific esenkabazwe. Ngalokhu, ulwandle luyancipha ogwini lwaseColombia, e-Ecuador, ePeru nasenyakatho yeChile futhi luyanda e-Oceania. Njengomphumela wokuvela kwamanzi abandayo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Equator, izinga lokushisa lolwandle lehla ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sesimo sezulu.
Lokhu kufaka ubufakazi obuqonde kakhulu bokuba khona kwento yaseLa Niña. Kodwa-ke, okungahambi kahle kokushisa okushisayo okuphezulu kuncane kunalokho okurekhodwe ngesikhathi se-El Niño. Ngesikhathi semicimbi yaseLa Niña, amanzi ashisayo ePacific esenkabazwe agxile esifundeni esiseduze ne-Oceania futhi kungaphezu kwalesi sifunda lapho kuba khona amafu nemvula enamandla kakhulu.
Amazinga okushisa ePacific
Phakathi nengxenye yesibili ka-2016, amazinga okushisa angaphezulu oLwandlekazi iPacific ayesemkhawulweni womkhawulo ohlukanisa izimo ezibandayo nezingathathi hlangothi. Manje, ekuqaleni kuka-2017, la mazinga okushisa namanye amasimu asemkhathini abuyele ngokusobala emazingeni angathathi hlangothi, ngakho-ke umphumela we "La Niña" awenzeki. Lezi zinkomba zenza izazi zezulu zicabange ukuthi lezi zimo izohlala izinzile phakathi nengxenye yokuqala yonyaka wezi-2017.
Umehluko esenzweni emazingeni okushisa omhlaba wonke ukuthi "i-El Niño" ibenza bavuke futhi i- "La Niña" ibenza bawe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- "La Niña" yandisa imvamisa yeziphepho e-Atlantic Ocean.
Engxenyeni yesibili yowezi-2017
Ngoba lezi zimo azihlali zizinzile kangako, amamodeli enziwa afaka izinto eziguquguqukayo lapho lezi zinto zenzeka khona. Lokhu kuqagela okwenziwe amamodeli we-WMO ngemuva kukaMeyi 2017, kufaka phakathi amathuba amaningi. Izimo ezibandayo kungenzeka zenzeke, zihambisane nalezo ezinikezwa yi- "La Niña" kepha nezimo ezingathathi hlangothi kuze kube ukwakhiwa okulandelayo kwesiqephu se- "El Niño".
Engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka ka-2017, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi izimo zeLa Niña zizoqhubeka ” ithuba elingu-50%, ikhombisa inhlangano, exwayisa, nokho, ukuthi amathuba esiqephu se- "El Niño" esakhiwa ngekota yesithathu noma yesine yowezi-2017 "abalulekile", emi cishe ku-35 noma ku-40%.
Imijikelezo ye- “El Niño” imvamisa iba njalo eminyakeni engu-7. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesenzo sokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, le mijikelezo yenzeka kakhulu futhi kaningi.