Indawo ebanda kunazo zonke emhlabeni

Abantu bebelokhu bethanda ukuhlaziya ukweqisa. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokuthi yini indawo ebanda kunazo zonke endaweni yonke. Asikhulumi ngedolobha elibanda kunawo wonke emhlabeni, noma ngesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. Sibhekisela endaweni ebanda kunazo zonke endaweni yonke eyaziwa kuze kube manje.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iyiphi indawo ebanda kunazo zonke endaweni yonke, izici zayo nokunye okuningi.

Indawo ebanda kunazo zonke emhlabeni

Iminyaka engu-5000 yokukhanya ukusuka esimisweni sonozungezilanga iyindawo ebanda kakhulu endaweni yonke. I-Boomerang Nebula enezinga lokushisa elingu-272ºC. Ngaphezulu nje kukaziro ophelele, futhi kubanda nakakhulu kunemisebe yangemuva ye-microwave. Izindawo ezibanda kakhulu endaweni yonke amafu othuli negesi.

I-Boomerang Nebula ngokusemthethweni iyindawo ebanda kunazo zonke endaweni yonke. Le nebula iseduze kakhulu, iminyaka engu-5.000 yokukhanya ukusuka ku-Solar System. Kuyi-nebula yeplanethi, umkhiqizo wenkanyezi enkulu ebomvu esondela ekupheleni kokuphila kwayo. Ngaphambi kokuthi ifinyelele kulesi sigaba, bekuyinkanyezi efana neLanga ebichitha izingqimba zayo zangaphandle emkhathini eminyakeni embalwa edlule.

Ngokumangalisayo, ilahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziyikhulu kunezinye izinkanyezi ezisesigabeni esifanayo sokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nelanga ilahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha izikhathi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-100 kunenkanyezi yethu. Leli zinga liphakeme kangangokuthi inkanyezi emaphakathi ne-Boomerang Nebula yalahlekelwa isisindo esilingana nesisindo seLanga esiphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1,5 eminyakeni engu-1.500 XNUMX nje kuphela.

Igesi iphinde ikhishwe ngesivinini esiphezulu esingu-164 km/s, ukukhulula inani elikhulu lamandla. Umphumela uba isifunda esibanda kakhulu, esiseduze kakhulu noziro ngokuphelele. Le nebula ibanda ngokuphindwe kathathu kunezinga lokushisa eliphansi kunawo wonke ake aqoshwa eMhlabeni

Izinga lokushisa le-Boomerang Nebula

I-Boomerang Nebula inezinga lokushisa langaphakathi elingu -272ºC. Uziro ophelele ngu-273,15ºC. Uma sikhuluma nje, kubanda ngokuphindwe kathathu kunezinga lokushisa eliphansi kunawo wonke ake aqoshwa eMhlabeni.

Khumbula ukuthi izinga lokushisa elibanda kunawo wonke elabhalwa eMhlabeni lenzeka eVostok, e-Antarctica ngo-1983, lapho lifinyelela ku -89,2°C. Lena indawo ebanda kakhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa kuyindawo engahlali muntu, ngakho ngokuvamile lapho ukhuluma ngendawo ebanda kakhulu emhlabeni, ngokuvamile kuba kwenye indawo. Lapho kuhlalwa khona, indawo ebanda kakhulu eMhlabeni iSiberta-Oymyakon (iMpumalanga yeSiberia), enezinga lokushisa elibandayo eliqoshwe ku -67,8ºC.

Ayihlobene nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu elirekhodiwe (-32ºC) eLake Estangento, e-Lleida Pyrenees, noma nezinga lokushisa elifinyelelwe endaweni ebanda kakhulu e-Spain: i-Molina de Aragón (Guadalajara).

Futhi i-boomerang nebula ibanda kakhulu, izinga lokushisa layo liphansi ngisho nangaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lemisebe yangemuva ye-microwave. Le misebe ingukukhanya kwemisebe yokuqala yokukhanya evela endaweni yonke, yasakaza eminyakeni engaba ngu-377.000 ngemva kweBig Bang.

izici ze-nebula

Okusho ukuthi, i-Boomerang Nebula idonsa ukushisa okuncane okuvela emisebeni ye-microwave engemuva. Okwabonwa lapho itholwa ngo-1980, lapho uKeith Taylor noMike Carrot beyifunda. Cishe eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, ngo-1990, isazi sezinkanyezi uRaghvendra Sahai sanyathelisa ukuhlola okwabikezela ukuba khona kwezindawo ezibanda kakhulu endaweni yonke.

Indlela ehlongozwayo yile elandelayo: njengoba umoya we-stellar usuka enkanyezini, umoya we-stellar wanda ngokushesha, okwenza izinga lokushisa lehle.

Ngamanye amazwi, ngesilinganiso se-cosmic, kufana nohlobo lwefriji. Enalokhu engqondweni, uSahai wazibonela ngokwakhe i-Boomerang Nebula ngo-1995 ukuze abone ukuthi ukuqagela kwakhe kwakulungile yini. Yilapho izinga lokushisa le-nebula elanqunywa khona futhi lamiswa njengendawo ebanda kakhulu endaweni yonke.

Ngo-2013, ngosizo lwesibonakude somsakazo i-ALMA, izilinganiso zaqinisekiswa. Ngo-2017, uSahai ngokwakhe washicilela ucwaningo olusha olubheka ukuthi kwenzekani ku-nebula. Izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu ngenxa yokusheshisa kwegesi ekhishwe enkanyezini. Okungacaci kahle ukuthi yini edale ukuthi iqhume ngesivinini esingaka. Kulapho kwaqala kwaphakanyiswa khona ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yenkanyezi ebomvu ewumdondoshiya. Ngesixwayiso esisodwa esibalulekile, leyo nkanyezi ayiyedwa. Eqinisweni, kuzoba yingxenye yesistimu kanambambili enenye inkanyezi encane enkulu, okuzoba yingxenye ebalulekile ezokwenza ukuthi igesi ikhishwe ngenani eliphezulu kakhulu.

Ezinye izigigaba njengendawo ebanda kakhulu eMhlabeni

U-Sahai ngokwakhe wachaza ukuthi ukuphela kwendlela yokukhipha isisindo esiningi kangaka ngesivinini esinjalo ukusebenzisana kwamandla adonsela phansi phakathi kwezinkanyezi ezimbili ezisondelene kakhulu. Ngokucabangela ubukhona bayo, isigcawu esimeshayo esibonwa ku-Boomerang Nebula singatholakala.

Kulokhu kufanele sengeze omunye umniningwane. Isendlalelo sangaphandle siyakhishwa emaphuzwini amabili amancane. Umoya uyakhula futhi uphole ngokushesha njengoba ushiya umgodi omncane. Ngakho-ke, kusukela lapho, kuye kwenziwa imizamo yokuqonda kangcono lesi simo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukugxila kuwo wonke umthala. Okwenzeka ku-Boomerang Nebula cishe kwenzeka kwezinye izingxenye ze-Milky Way.

Ngezibonelo ezengeziwe, kuyenzeka ukufunda ukufana nokwehluka. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa ithuba lokuthola izifunda ezibandayo kune-Boomerang Nebula ngakho-ke eziseduze noziro ngokuphelele alinqunyelwe.

Ngokuqondene noNebula, ikusasa lakhe linemininingwane eminingi. Njengamanye ama-nebulae eplanethi, izogcina ihlehle izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Ngokwakho, inkanyezi izoqeda ukuphila kwayo njengenkungu emhlophe. Njengesidumbu senkanyezi, esingakwazi noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlangana ngaphakathi kwaso, sizophola kancane kancane esikalini esikhulu sesikhathi, inqubo ezodlula inkathi yamanje Yomhlaba Wonke.

Njengoba ubona, isayensi ithuthuka kakhulu futhi iyakwazi ukuthola lezi zindawo ezikude. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nendawo ebanda kunazo zonke endaweni yonke kanye nezici zayo.