Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemvula kuye ngemvelaphi nangezici zohlobo ngalunye. Enye yazo yi imvula ye-orographic. Kwenzeka lapho umoya onomswakama ududulwa usuka olwandle ubheke entabeni udlule emthambekeni obheke phezulu. Kule ndawo kune-nucleus yokuxhumana phakathi kobuso bomhlaba nomkhathi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngemvula ye-orographic, izici zayo nokuthi ibaluleke kangakanani.
Izici eziyinhloko
Imvula ye-Orographic yenzeka lapho umoya onomswakama ovela olwandle udlula phezu kwentaba etsheke phezulu. Umoya ukhokhiswa umhwamuko wamanzi futhi igijimela endaweni ebandayo yomoya endaweni ephakeme. Kulapha lapho ikhipha khona yonke imvula bese yehla entabeni inezinga lokushisa elikhulu kunaleli elikhuphukile.
Le mvula ayibalulekile nje kuphela ekongeni imvelo kanye nalezo zinsizakusebenza, kodwa ibalulekile nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wohlelo loMhlaba. Iningi lemifula lizalwa yizintaba eziphakeme futhi londliwa yimvula ye-orographic. Izikhukhula, ukudilika kwenhlabathi kanye nama-avalanches ngokuvamile kuthinteka ngamandla lapho imvula ye-orographic iwela khona. Ezindaweni ezinemithambeka emikhulu ngokuvamile kuveza umonakalo omkhulu ngoba kulula ukuthi imvula ikhukhule inhlabathi.
Ukwakhiwa kwemvula ye-orographic
Sizobona ukuthi yiziphi izici imvelo okumele ibe nayo ukuze imvula ye-orographic ikhiqizwe. Sicabanga ukuthi inqwaba yomoya enenani elikhulu lomhwamuko wamanzi ivela olwandle. Lapho ehamba ugijimela entabeni. Njengoba umoya uvuka uqala ukuphola. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho amafu e-orographic akha futhi asebenze njengomthombo wemvula. Amafu akhiwa ukufingqana komphunga wamanzi nokwakhiwa kwamafu e-cumulus. Amafu we-Orographic angaveza imvula kanye neziphepho ezinamandla zikagesi.
Konke kuncike enanini lomhwamuko wamanzi elikhuphukayo nomehluko ekushiseni kokuphakama nangaphezulu komhlaba. Uma kukhulu umehluko kumazinga okushisa, umhwamuko wamanzi uyajiya futhi ushube kakhulu kulamafu. Lapho ukuhamba komoya kuphazanyiswa ubukhona begquma noma intaba kuyaphoqeleka ukuba kukhuphuke. Lezi zinguquko esiqondisweni somoya yizo ezidala izinguquko ezinhlelweni zezulu.
Ukukhuphuka komoya onomswakama emhlabeni akwanele ukuthi kwezulu kwenzeke. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho sekuvele kunezivunguvungu emvelweni. Akufanele nje kuphela ukuthi kukhuphuke umoya onomswakama, kepha izinga lokushisa kufanele libande njengalokho ukukhiqiza ukufingqa okusheshayo nokwakhiwa kwamafu we-orographic. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho umoya wehla uma usunqwabelanise, ifu nemvula kugcina sekuhwamuka. Umoya usakazeka ohlangothini lwe-leeward, okuyindawo ephikisanayo lapho kuvela khona umoya. Ngenxa yezimvula, umoya ulahlekelwe cishe wonke umswakama wawo futhi usuqala ukushisa. Endabeni yemvula ye-orographic imvamisa iphansi futhi umoya kuthiwa usesithunzini semvula.
Izindawo lapho imvula ye-orographic ivela khona
Njengoba sishilo phambilini, imvula ye-orographic incike ekutheni yakha kuphi. Amandla nokwakheka kuyizinto eziguqukayo ezincike kwi-morphology kanye nesimo sezulu sendawo lapho sakhiwe khona. Ezinye izindawo emhlabeni ziyathanda Yiziqhingi zaseHawaii neNew Zealand zaziwa ngokuba nemvula eningi ye-orographic. Gcina wazi ukuthi iningi lemvula liyabonakala ezinhlangothini ezinomoya. Ingxenye enomoya lapho kulapho umoya uqhamuka khona. Izindawo eziphikisanayo zivame ukugcinwa zomile.
Imvula ye-Orographic iveza ukungafani okuthile. Isibonelo, ogwini bathola imvula encane kunezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu. Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi umphakathi ufinyelela kuzo zonke izindawo ezisezindaweni ezinomkhawulo yibo aboma kakhulu nabathinteka kakhulu. Ayigcini nje ngokushona ngendlela efanayo, iholela ezindaweni ezomile nezimbi. IHawaii ithola imvula encane ngonyaka kunezinkangala ezinjengeWai'ale'ale eKaua'i.
Enye indawo emhlabeni lapho imvula ye-orographic ivame khona ivela ezintabeni zasePennine enyakatho yeNgilandi. Entshonalanga yaleli banga lezintaba iManchester enemvula eningi kuneLeeds. Leli dolobha lisempumalanga futhi linezimvula ezincane ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lemvula. Ungabona ukuthi ibisendaweni yethunzi lemvula. Inkinga ngalolu hlobo lwemvula ukuthi uhlangothi lwe-leeward lujwayele ukuhlushwa isomiso nenhlabathi empofu kakhulu.
Ukubaluleka
Imvula ye-Orographic ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile ohlotsheni, umfutho nobude bemvula kuzo zombili izindawo zentaba. Kunezifundo ezithile eziveze ukuthi izintaba zisebenza njengesithiyo sasemhlabeni futhi kuya ngezinga lokuthambekela nejubane umoya ohamba ngalo, kungana kakhulu noma kancane. Uma ithambeka lentaba lingumqansa kakhulu, maningi amathuba okuthi izokuna kakhulu kule ntaba uqobo bese kufika nomoya owomile owengxenye ye-leeward. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphakama kwentaba nakho kufanelekile. Izintaba ezincane zisho ukuthi indawo eneweward ayihlushwa kakhulu isomiso kwazise izimvula azikhiphi ngokuphelele entabeni.
Akukho ongakubona ngaphandle kwezintaba ezinkulu njengezintaba zeHimalaya kubangela indawo enesimo esibi kakhulu se-leeward selokhu imvula igcina ukwenzeka ebangeni lezintaba uqobo futhi ngeke ifinyelele kwenye indawo. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, imvula ye-orographic ingaba wusizo olukhulu emthonjeni wemifula, yize ingadala nezinkinga ezithile. Izinkinga njengokuhudulwa kweziduli, ukuguguleka komhlaba, njll. Nesomiso esigabeni se-leeward.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngemvula ye-orographic nokubaluleka kwayo.