I-Las imisinga yasolwandle yamazwekazi noma imisinga yolwandle, zaziwa njengesici sokuhamba kwamanzi akha izilwandle nezilwandle ezinkulu futhi kubangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuzungeza komhlaba, imimoya, kanye nokuma kwamazwekazi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nemisinga yasolwandle yamazwekazi, izici zayo, izinhlobo nezimbangela.
Iyini imisinga yasolwandle yamazwekazi
Imisinga yasolwandle ngokuvamile ihilela uquqaba lwamanzi afudumele nabandayo, ahlanganisa izindawo zezulu ezihlukene emhlabeni wonke, ageleza phezulu nangaphansi kolwandle:
- umfudlana ofudumele. Amanzi angaphezulu asuka olwandle lwezindawo ezishisayo, asuka ogwini olusempumalanga yamazwekazi aye ezindaweni ezimaphakathi nokuphakama, ngokumelene nokujikeleza komhlaba, futhi atholakala enyakatho nenkabazwe kuphela.
- umfudlana obandayo. Angamanzi abandayo najulile akhuphuka ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi anxephezela amanzi afudumele njengoba efika ogwini olusentshonalanga yezwekazi. Zikhethekile esifundeni se-arctic, ngoba esifundeni sase-Antarctic kunemisinga eyindilinga embalwa kakhulu ezungeze izigxobo.
Ukugudluzwa njalo kwale misinga yasolwandle emhlabeni wonke kuvumela imijikelezo yamandla nokushisa ukuthi igcinwe eMhlabeni, okuholela ochungechungeni lwezimo zezulu ezingaguquki kakhulu ezindaweni ezithile, njengesimo sezulu esomile sogu olusentshonalanga yesifunda. . Ugu olusentshonalanga lwezwekazi eliphakathi nendawo eliphezulu linesimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama. Kungokufanayo nangezinga lobusawoti bamanzi olwandle. Lo mjikelezo ohlangene waziwa ngokuthi yi-global thermohaline circulation.
Izinhlobo zemisinga yasolwandle yamazwekazi
Ngokwezici zamanje, singakhuluma ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo zamanje:
- Imisinga ye-Ocean: Abonisa ukunyakaza okungaguquki okukhiqizwa ukuzungeza komhlaba, ngokuvamile endaweni esempumalanga-ntshonalanga ezindaweni ezishisayo, noma kwelinye ihlangothi elihlukile ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo noma ezine-latitude ephezulu.
- amaza olwandle: Amagagasi olwandle ezikhathi ezithile ajikeleza nsuku zonke, adala ukudonsa kwenyanga nelanga ngaphezulu (okungukuthi amanzi afudumele). Bahambisa amanzi amaningi ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu nenkabazwe futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
- Amagagasi amagagasi: Zikhiqizwa umoya (ikakhulukazi iziphepho noma iziphepho), zenzeka phezu kwamanzi, futhi zinomthelela olinganiselwe.
- Imisinga ye-Longshore Drift: Zisuka ekuhlanganeni kwemisinga yolwandle ne-topography yasogwini, okuziphoqa ukuthi zishintshe indlela yazo noma isiqondiso.
- Ukuminyana kwemisinga: Lawo manzi asuka endaweni okuthintana kuyo phakathi kwezixuku ezimbili zamanzi anokuminyana okuhlukile, njengamanzi anosawoti omningi noma omncane, noma izinga lokushisa elikhulu noma elincane. Zivame ukutholakala ezinkingeni phakathi kwezilwandle ezahlukene, eduze kwe-equatorial axis noma eduze kwe-Arctic Circle.
Zakhiwa kanjani
Ama-currents alolongwa izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi, umoya, ukuzungeza komhlaba, kanye nesimo sezulu esingaphansi kwamanzi. Ziwumphumela wokusebenzelana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi, umoya, ukuzungeza komhlaba, kanye nesimo sezulu esingaphansi kwamanzi.
Enye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zemisinga yolwandle umehluko wokushisa kwamanzi phakathi kwenkabazwe nezigxobo. Amanzi afudumele eduze nenkabazwe avame ukuya ngasezigxotsheni, kuyilapho amanzi abandayo ezigxotsheni ehambela ngasenkabazwe. Lawa magagasi abizwa ngokuthi ama-thermohaline currents.
Umoya uphinde uthinte ukwakheka kwemisinga yasolwandle. Imimoya enamandla iphusha amanzi angaphezulu aye ohlangothini oluthile, idale imisinga. Ukuqondiswa kwamaza olwandle nakho kuyathintwa ukuzungeza komhlaba, okubangela amaza ahambisana newashi eNyakatho Nenkabazwe kanye namaza aphikisana newashi eNingizimu Nenkabazwe.
I-Topography yangaphansi kwamanzi nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni kwemisinga yolwandle. Imisinga yasolwandle ingakwazi ukuzungeza ukujula kwamanzi futhi ilandele ukuma kogu lolwandle. Imisinga yasolwandle eyakha eduze nogu ibizwa ngokuthi imisinga yasogwini, futhi ingaba namandla ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinendawo engavamile yomkhumbi-ngwenya.
Izimbangela zemisinga yolwandle yamazwekazi
Izimbangela ezintathu ezibalulekile zomzimba zemisinga yasolwandle yilezi:
- ukunyakaza komhlaba: Kokubili ukuhumusha nokujikeleza kweplanethi kubangela ukunyakaza okungapheli kwamanzi amaningi, nakuba ezimweni eziningi ukunyakaza kwawo kuphambene nokujikeleza koMhlaba.
- imimoya yamaplanethi. Imimoya ayibangeli ngokuqondile amagagasi, kodwa inomthelela kuwo, hhayi kuphela ngokususa amanzi angaphezulu (njengamagagasi), kodwa futhi ngokuhlanganisa amandla okushisa emkhathini ukuze ajikeleze endaweni ezungezile, ngaleyo ndlela athinte amagagasi.
- Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi abandayo. Amanzi ajulile olwandle ayabanda ngoba aminyene futhi anamandla amancane. La manzi olwandle akhuphukela phezulu ezindaweni ezithile ezishisayo, edudulela amanzi afudumele phambili.
Ukubaluleka kwemisinga yasolwandle yamazwekazi
Lezi yizizathu zokuthi kungani imisinga yasolwandle yamazwekazi ibaluleke kangaka ekulinganiseni emhlabeni:
- Kubalulekile ukuthi abatshuzi abangochwepheshe nabezokungcebeleka bajwayele zonke izinhlobo zamagagasi nezici zawo ukuze bagweme izingozi ezihlobene nokumunca.
- Amatilosi ama-Olympic noma ababhukudi bamanzi avulekile basebenzisa umsinga ukuze bagcine isivinini futhi balondoloze amandla.
- nemisinga yolwandle zilungele ezokuthutha nezohwebo ngoba isiqondiso esifanayo sokuphusha komoya futhi amagagasi ehlisa izindleko zikaphethiloli ukuhamba.
- Okunye okubalulekile okumele ukwazi ngemisinga yasolwandle ukuthi ilawula isimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke futhi isize ukugcina izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ezinempilo.
- Ukuthuthwa kwezakhamzimba kuthuthukisa amanzi futhi kwandise ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokufanayo, imisinga ebandayo nefudumele ibalulekile ekufudukeni kwezinhlobo eziningi zasolwandle.
- Kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi imisinga yasolwandle ingaboshelwa ukukhiqiza amandla olwandle. Lena into esahlolwa futhi isacwaningwa.
Okufanele ukwenze uma uthathwa umsinga
Imisinga eyingozi kakhulu imisinga egelezayo, noma imisinga egelezayo, ngoba ikwazi ukuhudulela ababhukudi ekujuleni okukhulu kude nogu. Azibonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi njengoba zincike ekucaceni kwamanzi kanye nohlobo lwenhlabathi.
Iseluleko kuphela sokuqinisekisa impilo ukukhumbula imiyalelo eyisisekelo: bhukuda ngokushesha noma yikuphi okuhambisana nogu, njengoba la mafenila noma imigudu mincane, ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10.
Uma sibhukuda siye phambili, okusho ukuthi, sihamba ngomkhumbi siphikisana nomsinga, asisoze safika. Amandla amanzi avele asidukise kakhulu ukusuka ogwini. Ngakho-ke, ukwethuka kunciphisa amathuba okusinda.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nemisinga yasolwandle yamazwekazi kanye nezici zabo.