Siyazi ukuthi i-axis yomhlaba yokuzungeza ingama-degree angama-23. I-axis yoMhlaba yokuzungeza iwumugqa ocatshangwayo onqamula enkabeni yoMhlaba futhi udlulele endaweni yawo ezindaweni ezimbili eziphikisanayo, izigxobo ezisenyakatho naseningizimu. Kuwumqondo obalulekile ukuqonda izenzakalo zezinkanyezi kanye nesimo sezulu emhlabeni wethu. Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ziyini imiphumela yokutsheka komhlaba nokuthi zikuthinta kanjani lokhu kuchezuka ku-eksisi yokuzungezisa.
Ngalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele ngemiphumela eyinhloko yokutsheka koMhlaba nokuthi imiphi imiphumela enayo esimweni sezulu.
Ithini i-eksisi yomhlaba yokuzungeza
Into yokuqala okufanele siyicacise i-eksisi yokuzungeza komhlaba ukuze siqonde ngokugcwele ukuthi iyini imiphumela yokutsheka koMhlaba. Ukuthambekela kwe-eksisi Yomhlaba kunesibopho sezinkathi zonyaka kanye nomehluko phakathi kwezinsuku nobusuku phakathi nonyaka. Lokhu kuthambekela akuyona i-perpendicular endizeni yokuzungeza komhlaba iLanga, kodwa kunalokho itsheke cishe ngo-23.5 degrees. Lokhu kutsheka akulungisiwe, kodwa kuyahluka kancane ezikhathini ezinde kakhulu ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi avela eNyangeni, iLanga, namanye amaplanethi.
Kungani i-eksisi Yomhlaba itshekile? Lona umbuzo osekunesikhathi eside udida ososayensi, futhi impendulo ayicacile ngokuphelele. Kukholakala ukuthi, ezigabeni zawo zokuqala zokubunjwa, uMhlaba waba nomthelela nezinye izindikimba zasemkhathini okungenzeka zibe nomthelela ekujuleni kwawo kwe-axial. Ukwengeza, izici zangaphakathi, njengokusabalaliswa okungalingani kwesisindo endaweni engaphakathi yoMhlaba, kungenzeka kube nomthelela ekutshekeni kwe-eksisi.
Ukutsheka kwe-eksisi kubalulekile empilweni yasemhlabeni. Ngaphandle kwawo, besingeke sibe nezinkathi zonyaka, ezingathinta kakhulu imvelo nezolimo. Ngenxa yalokhu kuthambekela, sibhekana nezinguquko zesimo sezulu ezivumela ukuhlukahluka kwamazinga okushisa namaphethini wesimo sezulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zeplanethi.
Imiphumela yokutsheka komhlaba
Ukutsheka kwe-eksisi Yomhlaba kunemiphumela eminingana ebalulekile ethinta iplanethi yethu nesimo sezulu ngendlela emangalisayo. Lena eminye yemiphumela eyinhloko yalokhu kuthambekela:
- Izinkathi zonyaka: Ukuthambekela kubhekene nezinkathi zonyaka ezahlukene. Njengoba uMhlaba uzungeza iLanga, i-axis yalo ikhomba ngezindlela ezihlukene emkhathini. Ngesikhathi se-solstice yasehlobo, enye yezigxobo itshekele ngaseLangeni, okuholela osukwini olude kakhulu lonyaka ku-hemisphere ehambisanayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, enye i-pole ihlangabezana ne-solstice yasebusika nosuku olufushane kakhulu lonyaka. Lezi zinguquko zezinkathi zonyaka zithonya inani lokukhanya kwelanga elitholwa endaweni ngayinye, okuthinta ngokuqondile isimo sezulu, uhlaza nokuziphatha kwezilwane.
- Umehluko ngobude bezinsuku: Ukuthambekela nakho kunesibopho sokuhlukahluka kobude bezinsuku nobusuku phakathi nonyaka. Emapalini, phakathi ne-solstices, kunenkathi yezinsuku eziqhubekayo noma ubusuku be-polar, kuye ngokuthi i-hemisphere. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuma-equinoxes, ubude bemini nobusuku bucishe bufane kuzo zonke izindawo emhlabeni.
- Umthelela emisinga yolwandle: Ukutsheka kuthinta imisinga yolwandle, okuyimisinga yamanzi azungeza olwandle. Le misinga idlala indima ebalulekile ekwabiweni kabusha kokushisa emhlabeni. Ukutsheka kwe-eksisi kunomthelela ekwakhiweni nasekuziphatheni kwemisinga, okungaba nomthelela omkhulu esimweni sezulu sesifunda nesomhlaba, kanye nezilwane zasolwandle.
- Amaphethini Wesimo Sezulu Nemvula: Ukutsheka kwe-eksisi nakho kunomthelela kumaphethini wesimo sezulu kanye nemvula ezindaweni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Izinguquko enanini lokukhanya kwelanga okutholiwe kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokushisa emhlabeni ngenxa yokutsheka kuyizici ezinqumayo ekwakhekeni kwezimo zezulu ezithile, kusukela ogwadule kuya emahlathini ashisayo nezindawo ezipholile.
- Imijikelezo ye-glaciation: Ukutsheka kwe-eksisi Yomhlaba kuye kwahlobene nemijikelezo yenkathi yeqhwa kanye nezikhathi zokufudumala kwembulunga kuwo wonke umlando wokwakheka komhlaba. Izinguquko ekutshekeni, kanye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zezinkanyezi, zingathonya inani lemisebe yelanga elifinyelela eMhlabeni futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte imijikelezo yeqhwa kanye nezinga lamashidi eqhwa.
Besiyoba njani isimo sezulu ukube i-eksisi yomhlaba ingashintsha?
Sinenhlanhla ngoba isimo sezulu besingahluka kakhulu ngaphandle kokutsheka kwe-eksisi yoMhlaba. Ukube i-eksisi Yomhlaba ibingatshekile, besingeke sibe nazo izinkathi zonyaka. Besizothola inani elifanayo lemisebe yelanga nsuku zonke zonyaka futhi besingeke sibe nazo izinkathi zonyaka. Kunalokho, uma i-eksisi ivundlile ngokuphelele, okuzokwenzeka ukuthi sizoba nezinyanga eziyisithupha ebumnyameni nezinyanga eziyisithupha elangeni eligcwele. Zombili izimo ezimbi kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, siphakathi.
Ngesinye isikhathi lapho i-eksisi Yomhlaba itshekele ngaselangeni, sithola imisebe eyengeziwe iqonde phezulu, futhi sikubiza ngokuthi ihlobo. Ngokuthakazelisayo, enyakatho nenkabazwe, lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ihlobo yilapho siqhelelene kakhulu nelanga. Ukuhamba koMhlaba uzungeze ilanga kwakha i-ellipse, futhi lapho sisekude, kuhambisana neqiniso lokuthi kuyihlobo enyakatho ye-hemisphere.
Izimbazo azimile
Izimbazo nazo ziyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isibonelo, i-eccentricity ye- i-ellipse ezungeza uMhlaba izungeze ilanga ishintsha njalo eminyakeni eyi-100-400.000, edlula impilo yomuntu. (iminyaka engu-80-90. I-engeli nayo iyashintsha, ingahamba phakathi kuka-21,5 no-24,5 degrees. Kuye ngokuthambekela, imisebe yelanga izoyishaya ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile. Ngakho-ke, ngeke ube nomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinkathi zonyaka, uma usondela 21 degrees, noma njengoba idiphu isondela ku-24 degrees, umehluko phakathi kwezinkathi zonyaka ugqama kakhulu.
Njengamanje siku-23,5, ngakho-ke izinkathi zonyaka njengamanje zihluke kakhulu: kushisa kakhulu ehlobo futhi kubanda kakhulu ebusika. Lolu shintsho njalo eminyakeni engu-40.000 lungaphezu kwamandla emisebenzi yabantu.
Ngethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nemiphumela yokusebenzisana komhlaba.