Uma sibheka ilanga nsuku zonke ngesikhathi esifanayo ngemva konyaka wonke sizobona ukuthi, ngokuphakamisa izithombe, lenza kanjani isimo sika-8. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi i-analemma nokuthi kungenxa yokuthambekela kwe-eksisi Yomhlaba kanye nokuhunyushwa koMhlaba ngendlela ezungeza kancane.
Kulesi sihloko sizokuchazela ukuthi yini into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-analemma, izici zayo nokubaluleka kwayo.
Yini i-analemma
I-analemma yigama elithi Isetshenziswa kwi-astronomy kanye ne-geography ukubhekisela kumfanekiso osesimweni sesishiyagalombili (8) okwakhiwa lapho ukuma kweLanga esibhakabhakeni kuqoshwa ngesikhathi esifanayo sosuku nasendaweni efanayo phakathi nonyaka. Le phethini ye-figure-XNUMX ibangelwa ukutsheka kwe-eksisi Yomhlaba kanye nokuzungeza kwawo okuyi-elliptical nxazonke zeLanga.
I-analemma yakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: ingxenye esenyakatho nengxenye eseningizimu. Ingxenye esenyakatho iphezulu "kwesishiyagalombili" futhi ikhombisa ukuma kweLanga ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo enyakatho nenkabazwe, lapho iLanga liphakeme kakhulu esibhakabhakeni. Ingxenye eseningizimu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihambisana nesikhathi sasekwindla nesebusika enyakatho nenkabazwe, lapho iLanga liphansi kakhulu esibhakabhakeni.
Lesi simo siwumphumela wokuhlangana kokunyakaza okubili koMhlaba: ukutsheka kwe-eksisi yawo kanye nokuzungeza kwawo i-elliptical ezungeze iLanga. i-elliptical orbit ibangela ukuthi uMhlaba uhambe ngesivinini esihlukene kuwo wonke umjikelezo wawo, okuphinde kuthinte indawo ebonakalayo yeLanga.
I-analemma iwumfanekiso oyisithombe wesibalo sesikhathi, okuwumehluko phakathi kwesikhathi sangempela selanga nesilinganiso selanga. Lo mehluko ungenxa yokuthi ukuzungeza komhlaba akusiyindilinga ngokuphelele, futhi isivinini ohamba ngaso ukuzungeza iLanga siyahlukahluka unyaka wonke. Ngakho-ke, i-analemma iyindlela ebonakalayo yokubonisa ukuthi isikhathi "sangempela" selanga singahluka kanjani uma sisho isikhathi selanga unyaka wonke.
Umlando othile
Kakade ngeNkathi Ephakathi kwakudingeka kunqunywe isikhathi se-equinox ukuze kunqunywe i-equinox yokuqala, futhi kulo nyaka [1475] uPaolo del Pozzo Toscanelli wabala ukuhlelwa kwama-meridians okuqala, okungagcini nje ukunikeza izenzakalo zasemini ngokunemba okukhulu. ,kodwa Kungenzeka futhi ukunquma isikhathi sonyaka.
Le meridian yakhiwe eKhathedrali laseSanta Maria del Fiore eFlorence, e-Italy. I-meridian yakhiwe ngezicucu zemabula phansi futhi kwasikwa imbobo odongeni oluseningizimu ukuze kudlule indawo ekhanyayo ukuze ibonise usuku lonyaka esikalini. Le nqubo yokwakha i-meridian yaziwa ngokuthi i-analemma.
Intuthuko yemishini ngekhulu le-XNUMX yenza amawashi awashintshayo anembe kakhulu, futhi ngokufika kwewashi le-pendulum kwaba nokwenzeka ukukala amaminithi ngokunemba okukhulu. Kuleli qophelo umehluko phakathi kwesikhathi selanga esikalwa ngama-sundial nesikhathi somphakathi esikalwa ngomshini ngamawashi awashicilele avamile uqala ukuvela, okunikezwa i-equation yesikhathi. Cishe kwakungalolu suku lapho igama elithi analemma lidideka, lisuka enqubweni yokulandelana kwezikhathi liya ekumelelweni endaweni eyingcaca.
Iphethini elandelayo
Ngenxa yokuthi i-axis yomhlaba itshekile nge-engeli engu-23,4 degrees, Ukuma kweLanga esibhakabhakeni kubonakala kushintsha njengoba uMhlaba uqeda ukuzungeza iLanga. Njengoba uMhlaba uzungeza iLanga eksisi yalo etshekile, indawo elibonwa iLanga esibhakabhakeni ishintsha phezulu naphansi ibheke eNyakatho naseNingizimu. Lokhu kubangela ukwakheka kwephethini ye-figure-8 ehlanganisa izihibe ezimbili.
Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ingxenye engenhla yesibalo se-analemma yenzeka. Njengoba ihlobo liqhubeka, iLanga kancane kancane likhuphukela phezulu esibhakabhakeni futhi ekugcineni lifinyelele esiqongweni salo phakathi nenkathi yehlobo. Ngemuva kwe-solstice yasehlobo, indawo ebonwa iLanga iqala ukwehla kwayo esibhakabhakeni, ikhiqize iluphu yokuqala ephethinini. Lesi simo senziwa futhi ngenkathi yasebusika, okuholela ekudalweni kweluphu yesibili ku-trajectory yesibalo sesishiyagalombili.
Ukucabanga ukuthi umjikelezo woMhlaba wawuyi-elliptical, kodwa Ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukuthambekela kwe-axial, i-solar analemma izothatha isimo se-oval. I-analemma, ebonwa kusukela enkabazwe, ingaba umugqa oqondile ohamba uvundlile usuka entshonalanga uye empumalanga.
Esimeni lapho umjikelezo woMhlaba ubuyisiyingi, ukutsheka kwawo kwe-axial bekuzokhiqiza ijika le-analemma elingu-figure-8 elilingana ngokuphelele ngosayizi wawo womabili amaluphu angaphezulu naphansi. Nokho, lokhu akuwona ukumelwa okunembile. Ukuzungeza komhlaba I-elliptical futhi iLanga alikho maphakathi nendawo yalo. Lokhu kungaboni ngaso linye kubangela iphuzu elilodwa endleleni, elibizwa ngokuthi i-Perihelion, eliseduze neLanga kunelinye iphuzu, elibizwa ngokuthi i-Aphelion.
I-analemma yenziwa kanjani
Ijubane lokuzungeza komhlaba iLanga liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi likuphi emzileni walo we-orbital. Lapho iplanethi isendaweni yayo eseduze kakhulu neLanga, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-perihelion, okuyinto kwenzeka phakathi nenjikalanga yasebusika, ihamba ngesivinini esisheshayo. Ngokuphambene, lapho uMhlaba usendaweni ekude kakhulu neLanga, i-Aphelion, uhamba ngesivinini esincane. Lesi simo siphumela kuhhafu ophansi oyisicaba wejika.
Ijika le-analemma libonisa iphethini ehlukile phakathi kwe-hemispheres esenyakatho neseningizimu. ENyakatho Nenkabazwe, indawo engezansi yejika yenza iluphu ebanzi kakhulu, kuyilapho eNingizimu Nenkabazwe, ingaphezulu lejika lakha iluphu ebanzi kakhulu.
Labo ababona isiphithiphithi eNorth Pole bazozibonela ukugoba okuphezulu kuphela, kuyilapho labo abase-South Pole bazobona kuphela ingxenye engezansi ye-Analemma. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuma kwe-analemma kuzoshintsha kuye ngendawo ethile yombukeli ebusweni bomhlaba. Iplanethi ngayinye esimisweni sethu sonozungezilanga ine-analemma yayo ngayinye.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi iyini i-analemma nezici zayo.